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Article: Extracellular Matrix Composition Alters Endothelial Force Transmission.

SubramanianBalachandar, V A / Steward, R L

Research square

2023

Abstract: ECM composition is important in a host of pathophysiological processes such as angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, for example and during each of these processes ECM composition has been reported to change over time. However, the impact ECM ... ...

Abstract	ECM composition is important in a host of pathophysiological processes such as angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, for example and during each of these processes ECM composition has been reported to change over time. However, the impact ECM composition has on the endotheliumâ€™s ability to respond mechanically is currently unknown. Therefore, in this study we seeded human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) onto soft hydrogels coated with an ECM concentration of 0.1 mg/mL at the following collagen I (Col-I) and fibronectin (FN) ratios: 100%Col-I, 75%Col-I-25%FN, 50%Col-I-50%FN, 25%Col-I-75%FN, and 100%FN. We subsequently measured tractions, intercellular stresses, strain energy, cell morphology, and cell velocity. Our results revealed huvecs seeded on gels coated with 50% Col-I - 50% FN to have the highest intercellular stresses, tractions, strain energies, but the lowest velocities and cell circularity. Huvecs seeded on 100% Col-I had the lowest tractions, cell area while havingthe highest velocities and cell circularity. In addition, cells cultured on 25% Col-I and 75% FN had the lowest intercellular stresses, but the highest cell area. Huvecs cultured on 100% FN yielded the lowest strain energies. We believe these results will be of great importance to the cardiovascular field, biomedical field, and cell mechanics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-2499973/v1
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Article ; Online: Inhibitory effects of epiphytic Kluyveromyces marxianus from Indian senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) on growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus.

Natarajan, Subramani / Balachandar, Dananjeyan / Paranidharan, Vaikuntavasan

International journal of food microbiology

2023 Volume 406, Page(s) 110368

Abstract: Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination are considered the major constraints in senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) export. Using native epiphytic yeast to control phytopathogens is a successful strategy for managing plant ... ...

Abstract	Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination are considered the major constraints in senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) export. Using native epiphytic yeast to control phytopathogens is a successful strategy for managing plant diseases. In the present investigation, we exploited the antagonistic potential of epiphytic yeast isolates obtained from senna against A. flavus growth and aflatoxin B
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	87122-9
ISSN	1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
ISSN (online)	1879-3460
ISSN	0168-1605
DOI	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110368
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Article: Response to the Comments on "Effect of a Video-Assisted Teaching Program About ECT on Knowledge and Attitude of Caregivers of Patients With Major Mental Illness".

Balachandar, Gomathi / Nagarajan, Padmavathi / Menon, Vikas / Saravanan, Balachandar

Indian journal of psychological medicine

2021 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 464

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2622378-8
ISSN	0975-1564 ; 0253-7176
ISSN (online)	0975-1564
ISSN	0253-7176
DOI	10.1177/02537176211031425
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Article ; Online: Cementing Techniques In Knee Surgery (CeTIKS): a UK expert consensus study.

Hampton, Matthew / Balachandar, Vivek / Charalambous, Charalambos P / Sutton, Paul M

Bone & joint open

2023 Volume 4, Issue 9, Page(s) 682–688

Abstract: Aims: Aseptic loosening is the most common cause of failure following cemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and has been linked to poor cementation technique. We aimed to develop a consensus on the optimal technique for component cementation in TKA.!## ...

Abstract	Aims: Aseptic loosening is the most common cause of failure following cemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and has been linked to poor cementation technique. We aimed to develop a consensus on the optimal technique for component cementation in TKA. Methods: A UK-based, three-round, online modified Delphi Expert Consensus Study was completed focusing on cementation technique in TKA. Experts were identified as having a minimum of five years' consultant experience in the NHS and fulfilling any one of the following criteria: a 'high volume' knee arthroplasty practice (> 150 TKAs per annum) as identified from the National joint Registry of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man; a senior author of at least five peer reviewed articles related to TKA in the previous five years; a surgeon who is named trainer for a post-certificate of comletion of training fellowship in TKA. Results: In total, 81 experts (round 1) and 80 experts (round 2 and 3) completed the Delphi Study. Four domains with a total of 24 statements were identified. 100% consensus was reached within the cement preparation, pressurization, and cement curing domains. 90% consensus was reached within the cement application domain. Consensus was not reached with only one statement regarding the handling of cement during initial application to the tibial and/or femoral bone surfaces. Conclusion: The Cementing Techniques In Knee Surgery (CeTIKS) Delphi consensus study presents comprehensive recommendations on the optimal technique for component cementing in TKA. Expert opinion has a place in the hierarchy of evidence and, until better evidence is available these recommendations should be considered when cementing a TKA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2633-1462
ISSN (online)	2633-1462
DOI	10.1302/2633-1462.49.BJO-2023-0032.R1
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Article ; Online: A machine learning approach to predict cellular mechanical stresses in response to chemical perturbation.

SubramanianBalachandar, VigneshAravind / Islam, Md Mydul / Steward, R L

Biophysical journal

2023 Volume 122, Issue 17, Page(s) 3413–3424

Abstract: Mechanical stresses generated at the cell-cell level and cell-substrate level have been suggested to be important in a host of physiological and pathological processes. However, the influence various chemical compounds have on the mechanical stresses ... ...

Abstract	Mechanical stresses generated at the cell-cell level and cell-substrate level have been suggested to be important in a host of physiological and pathological processes. However, the influence various chemical compounds have on the mechanical stresses mentioned above is poorly understood, hindering the discovery of novel therapeutics, and representing a barrier in the field. To overcome this barrier, we implemented two approaches: 1) monolayer boundary predictor and 2) discretized window predictor utilizing either stepwise linear regression or quadratic support vector machine machine learning model to predict the dose-dependent response of tractions and intercellular stresses to chemical perturbation. We used experimental traction and intercellular stress data gathered from samples subject to 0.2 or 2 μg/mL drug concentrations along with cell morphological properties extracted from the bright-field images as predictors to train our model. To demonstrate the predictive capability of our machine learning models, we predicted tractions and intercellular stresses in response to 0 and 1 μg/mL drug concentrations which were not utilized in the training sets. Results revealed the discretized window predictor trained just with four samples (292 images) to best predict both intercellular stresses and tractions using the quadratic support vector machine and stepwise linear regression models, respectively, for the unseen sample images.
MeSH term(s)	Machine Learning ; Stress, Mechanical ; Support Vector Machine ; Linear Models ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Humans ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I/pharmacology ; Chalcone/pharmacology ; Time-Lapse Imaging
Chemical Substances	Collagen Type I ; Chalcone (5S5A2Q39HX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	218078-9
ISSN	1542-0086 ; 0006-3495
ISSN (online)	1542-0086
ISSN	0006-3495
DOI	10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.016
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Article: Effect of a Video-Assisted Teaching Program About ECT on Knowledge and Attitude of Caregivers of Patients with Major Mental Illness.

Nagarajan, Padmavathi / Balachandar, Gomathi / Menon, Vikas / Saravanan, Balachandar

Indian journal of psychological medicine

2020 Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–50

Abstract: Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a widely used treatment modality for mental disorders such as major depression, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and catatonia. However, it is considered as one of the most controversial and misunderstood ... ...

Abstract	Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a widely used treatment modality for mental disorders such as major depression, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and catatonia. However, it is considered as one of the most controversial and misunderstood procedures, especially among caregivers. Methods: An experimental pre-test, post-test design was adopted. Forty caregivers of persons with schizophrenia ( Results: The pre-test evaluation demonstrated poor knowledge among 12 (30%) and a moderate level of knowledge on the remaining 28 (70%) of the study subjects. The attitude scores revealed a neutral attitude among 47.5% and a conservative attitude among 10% of the subjects toward ECT. There was a significant improvement in both mean (±SD) knowledge (13.4 ± 4.7 vs 25.6 ± 2.9) and attitude (10.7 ± 3.5 vs 14.6 ± 3.9) scores following intervention with video-assisted teaching. Conclusion: A single session involving video-assisted teaching improves the knowledge and attitude toward ECT among caregivers by removing the myths and misconceptions about ECT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2622378-8
ISSN	0975-1564 ; 0253-7176
ISSN (online)	0975-1564
ISSN	0253-7176
DOI	10.1177/0253717620938038
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Article: Serotype-based evaluation of an optogenetic construct in rat cortical astrocytes

Balachandar, Lakshmini / Borrego, Diana / Diaz, Jorge Riera

Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2022 Feb. 19, v. 593

2022

Abstract: Optogenetics is a modern technique which has been recently expanded to non-neuronal cell types, e.g., astrocytes, and involves targeted gene delivery of light-sensitive ion channels like Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Optogenetic regulation of astrocytic ... ...

Abstract	Optogenetics is a modern technique which has been recently expanded to non-neuronal cell types, e.g., astrocytes, and involves targeted gene delivery of light-sensitive ion channels like Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Optogenetic regulation of astrocytic activity can be used for therapeutic intervention of several neurological disorders. Astrocytic gene delivery, viz adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, have proven to be robust, time-, and cost-efficient contrary to the generation of transgenic animal models. When transducing astrocytes with an AAV vector, it is imperative to perform a serotype evaluation of the AAV vector due to variability in serotype transduction efficiency depending on species, target region and construct length. Rats have been a very successful animal model for studying a variety of brain disorders, from which ChR2-based intervention of astrocytes will benefit. However, the most efficient AAV capsid serotype targeting astrocytes for ChR2 expression in the in vivo rat brain cortex has not been characterized. To address this, we have evaluated AAV serotypes 1, 5, and 8 of the vector AAV-GFAP-hChR2(H134)-mCherry targeting astrocytes in the rat brain neocortex. Results show that serotype 8 exhibits promising transduction patterns, as it has demonstrated the highest tangential and radial viral spread in the rat brain. Our research will facilitate translational research for future applications of optogenetics involving the transduction of rat brain cortical astrocytes.
Keywords	animal models ; astrocytes ; capsid ; cortex ; cost effectiveness ; gene transfer ; neocortex ; optogenetics ; rats ; research ; serotypes ; therapeutics ; transgenic animals
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0219
Size	p. 35-39.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205723-2
ISSN	0006-291X ; 0006-291X
ISSN (online)	0006-291X
ISSN	0006-291X
DOI	10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.027
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: SCAR marker: A potential tool for authentication of agriculturally important microorganisms

Ambreetha, Sakthivel / Balachandar, Dananjeyan

Journal of Basic Microbiology. 2023 Jan., v. 63, no. 1 p.4-16

2023

Abstract: Microbial inoculants are globally recommended for plant growth promotion and control of plant pathogens. These inoculants require stringent quality checks for sustainable field efficacy. Questionable regulatory frameworks constantly deteriorate the ... ...

Abstract	Microbial inoculants are globally recommended for plant growth promotion and control of plant pathogens. These inoculants require stringent quality checks for sustainable field efficacy. Questionable regulatory frameworks constantly deteriorate the reliability of bio‐inoculant technology. Existing global regulations do not involve any rapid molecular technique for the routine inspection of microbial preparations. Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker offers rapid and precise strain‐level authentication of target microbes. Such advanced molecular techniques must be exploited to accurately validate the microbial formulations. Besides, the global dissemination of plant pathogenic microbes has always been an alarming threat to food security. SCAR markers could be used at the plant quarantine centers to rapidly detect catastrophic pathogens, thereby circumventing the import and export of contagious plant materials. The current review is focused on promoting the SCAR marker technology to validate commercial bio‐inoculants and predict plant pandemics.
Keywords	exports ; food security ; growth promotion ; imports ; microbiology ; plant growth ; quarantine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 4-16.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	632513-0
ISSN	1521-4028 ; 0233-111X
ISSN (online)	1521-4028
ISSN	0233-111X
DOI	10.1002/jobm.202200419
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Volatiles of antagonistic soil yeasts inhibit growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus.

Natarajan, Subramani / Balachandar, Dananjeyan / Senthil, Natesan / Velazhahan, Rethinasamy / Paranidharan, Vaikuntavasan

Microbiological research

2022 Volume 263, Page(s) 127150

Abstract: Minimizing Aspergillus flavus growth is an effective strategy to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in food and agricultural products. In the present investigation, we attempted to utilize soil-associated yeasts from the Western and Eastern Ghats of India ... ...

Abstract	Minimizing Aspergillus flavus growth is an effective strategy to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in food and agricultural products. In the present investigation, we attempted to utilize soil-associated yeasts from the Western and Eastern Ghats of India against A. flavus to reduce aflatoxin contamination. Forty-five yeast isolates were screened against A. flavus using overlay and dual plate assays. Among them, 12 isolates effectively inhibited the growth of A. flavus. The 18S rDNA gene sequence analysis identified the twelve antagonistic isolates as belonging to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Suhomyces xylopsoci, Pichia kudriavzevii, and Candida tropicalis. From the isolated yeasts, S. cerevisiae strains were selected for further evaluation based on the potential antagonistic activity. Volatiles of S. cerevisiae effectively suppressed the mycelial growth of A. flavus (P < 0.05) up to 92.1 % at 7 DAI. Scanning electron microscopic images of the fungus exposed to volatiles showed hyphal deformity and mycelial damage. Aflatoxin B
MeSH term(s)	1-Butanol/pharmacology ; 1-Propanol/pharmacology ; Aflatoxin B1/genetics ; Aflatoxin B1/pharmacology ; Aflatoxins/pharmacology ; Aspergillus flavus ; Benzothiazoles/pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Soil
Chemical Substances	Aflatoxins ; Benzothiazoles ; Soil ; 1-Butanol (8PJ61P6TS3) ; 1-Propanol (96F264O9SV) ; Aflatoxin B1 (9N2N2Y55MH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1189614-0
ISSN	1618-0623 ; 0944-5013
ISSN (online)	1618-0623
ISSN	0944-5013
DOI	10.1016/j.micres.2022.127150
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Article ; Online: Interaction of water activity and temperature on growth, gene expression, and aflatoxin B

Natarajan, Subramani / Balachandar, Dananjeyan / Senthil, Natesan / Paranidharan, Vaikuntavasan

International journal of food microbiology

2021 Volume 361, Page(s) 109457

Abstract: Senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) is a medicinal crop with laxative properties, and it has significant demand in the global pharmaceutical market. Senna pods are highly susceptible to aflatoxin contamination, and the successful export of pods is hindered ...

Abstract	Senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) is a medicinal crop with laxative properties, and it has significant demand in the global pharmaceutical market. Senna pods are highly susceptible to aflatoxin contamination, and the successful export of pods is hindered due to the regulatory limits of importing countries. The senna pod water activity (a
MeSH term(s)	Aflatoxin B1 ; Aspergillus flavus/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Senna Plant ; Temperature ; Water
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Aflatoxin B1 (9N2N2Y55MH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	87122-9
ISSN	1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
ISSN (online)	1879-3460
ISSN	0168-1605
DOI	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109457
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