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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19: Attacks Immune Cells and Interferences With Antigen Presentation Through MHC-Like Decoy System.

    Liu, Wenzhong / Li, Hualan

    Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 3, Page(s) 75–88

    Abstract: The high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 is related to poor antigen presentation and lymphopenia. Cytomegalovirus and the herpes family encode a series of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-like molecules required for targeted immune responses ... ...

    Abstract The high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 is related to poor antigen presentation and lymphopenia. Cytomegalovirus and the herpes family encode a series of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-like molecules required for targeted immune responses to achieve immune escape. In this present study, domain search results showed that many proteins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus had MHC-like domains, which were similar to decoys for the human immune system. MHC-like structures could bind to MHC receptors of immune cells (such as CD4 + T-cell, CD8 + T-cell, and natural killer-cell), interfering with antigen presentation. Then the oxygen free radicals generated by E protein destroyed immune cells after MHC-like of S protein could bind to them. Mutations in the MHC-like region of the viral proteins such as S promoted weaker immune resistance and more robust transmission. S 127-194 were the primary reason for the robust transmission of delta variants. The S 144-162 regulated the formation of S trimer. The mutations of RdRP: G671S and N: D63G of delta variant caused high viral load. S 62-80 of alpha, beta, lambda variants were the important factor for fast-spreading. S 616-676 and 1014-1114 were causes of high mortality for gamma variants infections. These sites were in the MHC-like structure regions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antigen Presentation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Histocompatibility Antigens
    Chemical Substances Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Histocompatibility Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1064067-8
    ISSN 1537-4513 ; 1053-8550 ; 1524-9557
    ISSN (online) 1537-4513
    ISSN 1053-8550 ; 1524-9557
    DOI 10.1097/CJI.0000000000000455
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Detection and Analysis of Commonly Used Infection Indicators in Patients with Acute Urticaria.

    Deng, Jia / Liu, Jifeng / Xiang, Wenzhong

    International archives of allergy and immunology

    2024  , Page(s) 1–6

    Abstract: Introduction: In this study, we investigated the correlation and clinical significance of peripheral blood leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with acute urticaria.: Methods: Complete blood count ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: In this study, we investigated the correlation and clinical significance of peripheral blood leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with acute urticaria.
    Methods: Complete blood count with differential, CRP, and PCT tests were conducted on patients with acute urticaria. A total of 614 patients with acute urticaria were divided into three groups: the first group consisted of patients with elevated leukocyte and neutrophil count, the second group consisted of patients with normal leukocyte and neutrophil count, and the third group consisted of patients with abnormal leukocyte and neutrophil count. A correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, CRP, and PCT in the three groups.
    Results: The results of Kruskal-Wallis' nonparametric test revealed statistically significant variations in leukocytes, neutrophils, CRP, and PCT among the three groups (p < 0.001). However, CRP and PCT showed no statistically significant differences between the second and third groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.0041, p = 0.0032). Additional multiple comparisons in Spearman correlation analysis indicated statistically significant differences (p = 0.55). Across all groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the correlation between CRP-PCT and leukocytes-neutrophils (p = 0.53).
    Conclusion: Leukocytes and neutrophils are sensitive to the impact of medications and stress on the body. Combining CRP and PCT, as well as routine blood test, may be a comprehensive assessment of infection presence and severity in patients, providing guidance for antibiotic treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1108932-5
    ISSN 1423-0097 ; 1018-2438
    ISSN (online) 1423-0097
    ISSN 1018-2438
    DOI 10.1159/000536642
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: COVID-19: the CaMKII-like system of S protein drives membrane fusion and induces syncytial multinucleated giant cells.

    Wenzhong, Liu / Hualan, Li

    Immunologic research

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 6, Page(s) 496–519

    Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 S protein on the membrane of infected cells can promote receptor-dependent syncytia formation, relating to extensive tissue damage and lymphocyte elimination. In this case, it is challenging to obtain neutralizing antibodies and prevent ... ...

    Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 S protein on the membrane of infected cells can promote receptor-dependent syncytia formation, relating to extensive tissue damage and lymphocyte elimination. In this case, it is challenging to obtain neutralizing antibodies and prevent them through antibodies effectively. Considering that, in the current study, structural domain search methods are adopted to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 S protein to find the fusion mechanism. The results show that after the EF-hand domain of S protein bound to calcium ions, S2 protein had CaMKII protein activities. Besides, the CaMKII_AD domain of S2 changed S2 conformation, facilitating the formation of HR1-HR2 six-helix bundles. Apart from that, the Ca
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; COVID-19/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cell Membrane/virology ; Giant Cells/metabolism ; Giant Cells/virology ; Humans ; Membrane Fusion/physiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sequence Alignment ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; Virus Internalization
    Chemical Substances Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 (EC 2.7.11.17) ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases (EC 7.2.2.10) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632857-x
    ISSN 1559-0755 ; 0257-277X
    ISSN (online) 1559-0755
    ISSN 0257-277X
    DOI 10.1007/s12026-021-09224-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19: captures iron and generates reactive oxygen species to damage the human immune system.

    Wenzhong, Liu / Hualan, Li

    Autoimmunity

    2021  Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 213–224

    Abstract: Currently, the novel coronavirus pneumonia has been widespread globally, and there is no specific medicine. In response to the emergency, we employed bioinformatics methods to investigate the virus's pathogenic mechanism, finding possible control methods. ...

    Abstract Currently, the novel coronavirus pneumonia has been widespread globally, and there is no specific medicine. In response to the emergency, we employed bioinformatics methods to investigate the virus's pathogenic mechanism, finding possible control methods. We speculated in previous studies that E protein was associated with viral infectivity. The present study adopted the domain search techniques to analyse the E protein. According to the results, the E protein could bind iron or haem. The iron and haem bound by the E protein came from the attacked haemoglobin and phagocytes. When E protein was attached to haem, it synthesised oxygen and water into superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals. When the iron-bound E protein and the haem-bound E protein worked together, they converted superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. These were the "ROS attack" and "ROS escape" of the virus. "ROS attack" damaged the tissues or cells exposed on the surface of the virus, and "ROS escape" decomposed the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide that attacked the virus. When NK cells were exposed to infected cells, viruses that had not shed from the infected cells' surface damaged them through "ROS attack". In addition, lymphocytes such as T cells and B cells, which could be close to the antigen of the virus surface, were also easily damaged or killed by the "ROS attack", generating a decrease in lymphocytes. When memory B cells were exposed to the virus's surface antigen, they were also damaged by "ROS attack", resulting in the patient's re-infection. The virus applied the "ROS escape" to decompose hydrogen peroxide released by phagocytes into oxygen and water. The surrounding cells were replenished with oxygen, and the patient was in a "happy hypoxia" state. When the phagocytes swallowed the virus, the E protein converted superoxide anions into oxygen and water. In this way, the virus parasitized in the vesicles of the phagocyte. While virus was in the lysosome, the E protein generated ROS to damage nearby hydrolases. In this way, the virus parasitized the lysosome. Excessive hydroxyl free radicals destroyed the membrane structure of the lysosome, causing the hydrolase release from lysosome, autophagy of phagocytic cells and subsequent cell death. As a result, the colonizing phagocytes of the virus was associated with asymptomatic infection or retest-positive. Briefly, the virus inhibited the immune system through "ROS escape", and damaged the immune system by "ROS attack". The destruction instigated a strong cytokine storm, leading to organ failure and complications.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; COVID-19/etiology ; COVID-19/metabolism ; Catalysis ; Computational Biology/methods ; Disease Susceptibility ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Immune System/metabolism ; Immune System/pathology ; Iron/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Viral Envelope Proteins/chemistry ; Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Reactive Oxygen Species ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1025450-x
    ISSN 1607-842X ; 0891-6934
    ISSN (online) 1607-842X
    ISSN 0891-6934
    DOI 10.1080/08916934.2021.1913581
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Effect of ceramic type and thickness on the masking ability of chairside machinable all-ceramic crowns.

    Li, Sinuo / Zhang, Luyao / Liang, Shanshan / Liu, Yuqiang / Xing, Wenzhong

    Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 56–61

    Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of ceramic type and thickness on the masking ability and final aesthetic effects of chairside machinable all-ceramic crowns.: Methods: Six kinds from three types chairside machinable ceramic ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of ceramic type and thickness on the masking ability and final aesthetic effects of chairside machinable all-ceramic crowns.
    Methods: Six kinds from three types chairside machinable ceramic materials (IPS e.max CAD HT/MT/LT, IPS Empress LT, and VITA Suprinity HT/T) in shade A2 were fabricated to slice specimens into 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm-thick sections (
    Results: Ceramic type, ceramic thickness, and substrate shade significantly affected the ΔE values (
    Conclusions: The masking ability of chairside machinable all-ceramic crowns is influenced by ceramic type and thickness, and ceramic material. The thickness of ceramic less than 2.0 mm cannot mask the gray shade abutment.
    MeSH term(s) Color ; Materials Testing ; Esthetics, Dental ; Dental Porcelain ; Ceramics ; Crowns
    Chemical Substances Dental Porcelain (12001-21-7)
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1202342-5
    ISSN 2618-0456 ; 1000-1182
    ISSN (online) 2618-0456
    ISSN 1000-1182
    DOI 10.7518/hxkq.2024.2023263
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The clinical value of serum-related indexes in differentiating simple premature thelarche from idiopathic central precocious puberty.

    Cui, Hai-Jing / Liu, Peng / Liu, Xin-Guang / Du, Wen-Zhong / Wang, Xia

    Pakistan journal of medical sciences

    2024  Volume 40, Issue 3Part-II, Page(s) 467–472

    Abstract: Objective: To explore the changes of serum-related indexes at different time points, so as to identify the critical time of converting from simple premature thelarche (PT) to idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).: Methods: This is a ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To explore the changes of serum-related indexes at different time points, so as to identify the critical time of converting from simple premature thelarche (PT) to idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).
    Methods: This is a retrospective study. The subjects of the study were 50 girls with PT who were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2019 to September 2020. The enrolled 50 children were divided into the conversion group(n=12) and the non-conversion group(n=38) according to whether PT was converted into ICPP during follow-up. Furthermore, the levels of serum-related indexes and uterine and ovarian volumes were compared after the diagnosis of PT.
    Results: The IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels of children in the conversion group began to change significantly from six months after the diagnosis, with statistically significant differences when compared with the levels of children at the initial diagnosis, three months and those of the non-conversion group at the same time points (
    Conclusion: Findings in our study suggest that regular monitoring of vitamin-D, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, DHEA and leptin levels, and uterine and ovarian volumes can predict the conversion from PT to ICPP at an early stage.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2032827-8
    ISSN 1681-715X ; 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    ISSN (online) 1681-715X
    ISSN 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    DOI 10.12669/pjms.40.3.7447
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Association between sleep-related phenotypes and gut microbiota: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

    Wang, Xiaoqiu / Wang, Chi / Liu, Kai / Wan, Qingyun / Wu, Wenzhong / Liu, Chengyong

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1341643

    Abstract: Background: An increasing body of evidence suggests a profound interrelation between the microbiome and sleep-related concerns. Nevertheless, current observational studies can merely establish their correlation, leaving causality unexplored.: Study ... ...

    Abstract Background: An increasing body of evidence suggests a profound interrelation between the microbiome and sleep-related concerns. Nevertheless, current observational studies can merely establish their correlation, leaving causality unexplored.
    Study objectives: To ascertain whether specific gut microbiota are causally linked to seven sleep-related characteristics and propose potential strategies for insomnia prevention.
    Methods: The study employed an extensive dataset of gut microbiota genetic variations from the MiBioGen alliance, encompassing 18,340 individuals. Taxonomic classification was conducted, identifying 131 genera and 196 bacterial taxa for analysis. Sleep-related phenotype (SRP) data were sourced from the IEU OpenGWAS project, covering traits such as insomnia, chronotype, and snoring. Instrumental variables (IVs) were selected based on specific criteria, including locus-wide significance, linkage disequilibrium calculations, and allele frequency thresholds. Statistical methods were employed to explore causal relationships, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted Mode. Sensitivity analyses, pleiotropy assessments, and Bonferroni corrections ensured result validity. Reverse causality analysis and adherence to STROBE-MR guidelines were conducted to bolster the study's rigor.
    Results: Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reveals a causative interplay between selected gut microbiota and sleep-related phenotypes. Notably, outcomes from the rigorously Bonferroni-corrected examination illuminate profound correlations amid precise compositions of the intestinal microbiome and slumber-associated parameters. Elevated abundance within the taxonomic ranks of class Negativicutes and order Selenomonadales was markedly associated with heightened susceptibility to severe insomnia (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05,
    Conclusion: This study has unveiled the causal relationship between gut microbiota and SRPs, bestowing significant latent value upon future endeavors in both foundational research and clinical therapy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1341643
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Ebola virus destroys electrolyte balance to accelerate fusion by scorpion venom-like and GP120/Rab27a GTPase-like system

    Liu, Wenzhong / Li, Hualan

    Trace elements and electrolytes

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 23

    Language German
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1181166-3
    ISSN 0946-2104
    Database Current Contents Medicine

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  9. Article: Carpal tunnel syndrome caused by tophi deposited under the epineurium of the median nerve: A case report.

    Zhang, Wenzhong / Feng, Qingbo / Gu, Jiaxiang / Liu, Hongjun

    Frontiers in surgery

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) 942062

    Abstract: Introduction: Usually caused by compression of the wrist's median nerve, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common types of peripheral neuropathy. Tophi deposited under the epineurium of the median nerve compress the median nerve, leading ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Usually caused by compression of the wrist's median nerve, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common types of peripheral neuropathy. Tophi deposited under the epineurium of the median nerve compress the median nerve, leading to CTS, which is very rare.
    Case presentation: We report a 64-year-old man with a history of tophaceous gout who presented with typical CTS symptoms and was admitted to our hospital. A physical examination revealed swelling over the right volar aspect of the carpal region, and he was unable to flex due to subcutaneous rigidity. Tinel's sign and Phalen's maneuver were positive. Electrophysiological studies confirmed the diagnosis of CTS. A carpal tunnel release and surgery to remove the gouty tophus of the right wrist were performed when serum uric acid levels were within normal limits (5.8 mg/dl). During the operation, tophi deposited under the epineurium of the median nerve were found, and the tophi were completely removed. Operative findings confirmed the diagnosis of CTS due to gout. The patient recovered uneventfully without signs of recurrence of gout and CTS symptoms during a 1-year follow-up period.
    Conclusion: A gouty tophus is an uncommon cause of CTS, and CTS may be caused by gouty tophi if there is evidence of extrinsic compression of the median nerve or symptoms emanating from the carpal tunnel.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2773823-1
    ISSN 2296-875X
    ISSN 2296-875X
    DOI 10.3389/fsurg.2022.942062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Trans-Anethole Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Remodeling the Intestinal Flora to Regulate Immunity and Bile Acid Metabolism.

    Li, Xu-Hui / Liu, Li / Wu, Wen-Zhong

    Mediators of inflammation

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 4188510

    Abstract: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most common inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); it is incurable, and the treatment is expensive. Trans-anethole (TA), the main component of fennel, exhibits various biological activities. An increasing number of studies have ... ...

    Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most common inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); it is incurable, and the treatment is expensive. Trans-anethole (TA), the main component of fennel, exhibits various biological activities. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of herbal active ingredients in the treatment of UC. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of TA in UC. In this study, we have experimented on mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced UC. The TA group was gavaged with 62.5 mg/kg TA by gavage once daily on days 8-14. To observe the effect of TA on the colon tissue, various investigations were performed, including western blot and immunohistochemistry for intestinal barrier protein expression, TUNEL staining for apoptosis, western blot, and ELISA for inflammation level, flow cytometry for Th17/Treg, LC-MS for blood bile acid content, GC-MS for blood fatty acid content, and 16s RNA for intestinal contents. TA alleviated weight loss in mice with UC; increased colon length; alleviated intestinal mucosal damage; upregulated claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 protein expression levels; reduced inflammatory factors in the colon and serum; and alleviated apoptosis. TA reduced fatty acid and bile acid levels by inhibiting colony abundance and reducing Th17/Treg cell differentiation in the colon. We found that TA alleviates DSS-induced UC by remodeling the intestinal flora to regulate immunity and bile acid metabolism.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced ; Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Colon/metabolism ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Dextran Sulfate/toxicity ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Colitis/metabolism
    Chemical Substances anethole (Q3JEK5DO4K) ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Fatty Acids ; Dextran Sulfate (9042-14-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1137605-3
    ISSN 1466-1861 ; 0962-9351
    ISSN (online) 1466-1861
    ISSN 0962-9351
    DOI 10.1155/2023/4188510
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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