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Article: Impact of emotional intelligence in resolving clinical conflicts among postgraduate residents of surgery.

Gillani, Syed Faraz Ul Hassan Shah / Khan, Rehan Ahmed / Sethi, Ahsan

2024 Volume 40, Issue 3Part-II, Page(s) 399–404

Abstract: Background & objective: Emotional intelligence (EI) can become a vital tool for resolving clinical conflicts (CC) in surgery. The postgraduate residents focus on the technical skills and undermine the soft skills required for their better training. Our ... ...

Abstract	Background & objective: Emotional intelligence (EI) can become a vital tool for resolving clinical conflicts (CC) in surgery. The postgraduate residents focus on the technical skills and undermine the soft skills required for their better training. Our aim was to determine the EI of postgraduate resident (PGR) years one & two in General and Orthopedic Surgery. The CC in their workplace and how they use their EI to resolve these conflicts. Methods: This mixed-method study was conducted from March 10, 2019 to May 28, 2020 at Departments of General and Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. The study was conducted in two phases 1 & 2. In Phase-1, one hundred PGR years one & two were administered the Mayor-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence test (MSCEIT) to measure EI. In phase-2, semi-structured in-depth interviews of 10 PGRs five with high and five with low EI were conducted to determine the CC and use of EI to resolve the CC at the workplace. A thematic analysis was done. Results: Out of 100 PGR, the mean EI score was 46.25±14.8 with a maximum score of 75.4, and a minimum score of 18.16 (p-value =0.775). Ninety-one (91%) have not improving EI, and 09 (09%) have considered developing EI. Five themes in four settings, including emergency, ward, elective operation theatre, and outpatient department (OPD) were determined. The emerged themes for the CC were nepotism, gender biases, burnout, lack of professionalism, and toxic culture. The following were CC management strategies: self-study, deceit, gender affinity, performing attention-attaining work, aggrieved reaction and being disgruntled when alone. Conclusion: None of the PGR was emotionally intelligent in overall grades, as well as a particular aspect of MSCEIT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2032827-8
ISSN	1681-715X ; 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
ISSN (online)	1681-715X
ISSN	1682-024X ; 1017-4699
DOI	10.12669/pjms.40.3.7363
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1.

Sohail, Muhammad Saqib / Ahmed, Syed Faraz / Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul / McKay, Matthew R

Viruses

2024 Volume 16, Issue 3

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 contain multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not present in previous variants of concern and Omicron sub-variants. Preliminary research suggests that these variants reduce the neutralizing ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 contain multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not present in previous variants of concern and Omicron sub-variants. Preliminary research suggests that these variants reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies induced by vaccines, which is particularly significant for JN.1. This raises concern as many widely deployed COVID-19 vaccines are based on the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. While T cell responses have been shown to be robust against previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, less is known about the impact of mutations in BA.2.86 and JN.1 on T cell responses. We evaluate the effect of mutations specific to BA.2.86 and JN.1 on experimentally determined T cell epitopes derived from the spike protein of the ancestral Wuhan strain and the spike protein of the XBB.1.5 strain that has been recommended as a booster vaccine. Our data suggest that BA.2.86 and JN.1 affect numerous T cell epitopes in spike compared to previous variants; however, the widespread loss of T cell recognition against these variants is unlikely.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; T-Lymphocytes ; Vaccines ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Vaccines ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v16030473
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Article ; Online: Design, Analysis, and 3D Printing of a Patient-Specific Polyetheretherketone Implant for the Reconstruction of Zygomatic Deformities.

Moiduddin, Khaja / Mian, Syed Hammad / Umer, Usama / Alkhalefah, Hisham / Ahmed, Faraz / Hashmi, Faraz Hussain

Polymers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 4

Abstract: The reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial deformities, especially zygomatic bone repair, can be exigent due to the complex anatomical structure and the sensitivity of the crucial organs involved. The need to reconstruct the zygomatic bone in the most ... ...

Abstract	The reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial deformities, especially zygomatic bone repair, can be exigent due to the complex anatomical structure and the sensitivity of the crucial organs involved. The need to reconstruct the zygomatic bone in the most precise way is of crucial importance for enhancing the patient outcomes and health care-related quality of life (HRQL). Autogenous bone grafts, despite being the gold standard, do not match bone forms, have limited donor sites and bone volume, and can induce substantial surgical site morbidity, which may lead to adverse outcomes. The goal of this study is to provide an integrated approach that includes various processes, from patient scanning to implant manufacture, for the restoration of zygomatic bone abnormalities utilizing Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material, while retaining adequate aesthetic and facial symmetry. This study takes an integrated approach, including computer-aided implant design using the mirror reconstruction technique, investigating the biomechanical behavior of the implant under loading conditions, and carrying out a fitting accuracy analysis of the PEEK implant fabricated using state-of-the-art additive manufacturing technology. The findings of the biomechanical analysis results reveal the largest stress of approximately 0.89 MPa, which is relatively low in contrast to the material's yield strength and tensile strength. A high degree of sturdiness in the implant design is provided by the maximum value of strain and deformation, which is also relatively low at roughly 2.2 × 10
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym15040886
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Article: Identification of Potential SARS-CoV-2 CD8

Ahmed, Syed Faraz / Sohail, Muhammad Saqib / Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul / McKay, Matthew R

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 4

Abstract: Memory SARS-CoV-2-specific ... ...

Abstract	Memory SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10040542
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Article ; Online: Diagnostic Value of Novel Presepsin and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Predicting the Clinical Course of COVID-19

Faraz Hasan Mirza / Faraz Ahmed Baig / Serajuddaula Syed

Haseki Tıp Bülteni, Vol 59, Iss 5, Pp 358-

2021 Volume 362

Abstract: Aim:The diagnostic value of inflammatory markers to determine the severity of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is postulated in some recent studies, but conclusions were inconsistent. Hence, we intend to examine the utility of presepsin, procalcitonin ...

Abstract	Aim:The diagnostic value of inflammatory markers to determine the severity of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is postulated in some recent studies, but conclusions were inconsistent. Hence, we intend to examine the utility of presepsin, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in predicting the severity of COVID-19 infection.Methods:Single-center cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Intensive care unit of a university hospital. Eighty consecutive cases diagnosed with Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 RNA between October 2020 and July 2021 were classified according to the severity of the disease. Laboratory data related to Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein was retrieved from investigations coinciding with the day of admission. The stored plasma was subjected to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine plasma presepsin levels. Statistical test for measures of screening was employed and a receiver operator curve was generated.Results:We have determined that presepsin is the most sensitive prognostic indicator (93.3%) with a strong statistical association (p<0.001) for COVID-19. 15.99 ng/L could be used as a reference level to predict the progressive clinical course. Relatively lower sensitivity (88%) and positive statistical correlation (p=0.049) of C-reactive protein with high-risk infection were also observed. Procalcitonin showed limited diagnostic and prognostic value in our series.Conclusion:Our findings seem to demonstrate the role of presepsin in providing prognostic information in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we suggest that early monitoring of presepsin with routine marker profile might help in identifying patients suffering from a more severe disease.
Keywords	sars-cov-2 patients ; biomarkers ; presepsin ; prognosis ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Discovering blackspots caused by pavement distresses using Lagrange polynomial and safety inspections of traffic accidents

Khawaja Sheeraz / Naeem Aziz Memon / Aftab Hameed Memon / Nafees Ahmed Memon / Syed Faraz Jafri

Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 42, Iss 4, Pp 123-

A case study for Karachi, Pakistan

2023 Volume 139

Keywords	Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Isolation of lectin from Musa acuminata for its antibiofilm potential against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its synergistic effect with Enterococcus species.

Ahmed, Summra / Baloch, Muneera Naz / Moin, Syed Faraz / Musa, Hina

Archives of microbiology

2023 Volume 205, Issue 5, Page(s) 181

Abstract: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging pathogen posing a considerable burden on the healthcare system due to its involvement in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins found ... ...

Abstract	Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging pathogen posing a considerable burden on the healthcare system due to its involvement in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins found ubiquitously in animals, plants and microorganisms. Extraction and isolation of proteins from Musa acuminata were performed by using Affinity chromatography with Sephadex G 75 to determine antibiofilm activity against MRSA. Enterococcus strains obtained from dairy products, beans and vegetables were also screened for its potential to inhibit growth and biofilm formation of MRSA by using 96 well microtiter plates. Synergistic effect of cell free supernatant of Enterococcus with proteins from ripe banana were also tested. BanLec was successfully isolated and appeared as 15 KDa band after SDS-PAGE (15%) while multiple bands of unbound protein fractions were observed. The unbound fractions showed inhibition of planktonic cells and biofilm but BanLec exhibited no significant effect. The CFS of Enterococcus faecium (LCM002), Enterococcus lactis (LCM003) and Enterococcus durans (LCM004 and LCM005) displayed antagonistic effects against pathogen. The synergistic effect of CFS from E. lactis (LCM003) and unbound proteins showed inhibition of biofilm and pathogenic growth. This study demonstrates the use of Enterococcus species and plant proteins against pathogens and results suggested that it can inhibit the growth of resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and their synergistic effect has opened new ways to tackle emerging resistance. Furthermore, after assessment of Enterococcus as probiotics, this could be used in food industries as well as in treatment of severe skin infections.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms ; Enterococcus ; Lectins ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Musa
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Lectins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124824-8
ISSN	1432-072X ; 0302-8933
ISSN (online)	1432-072X
ISSN	0302-8933
DOI	10.1007/s00203-023-03472-5
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses Elicited by COVID-19 Vaccines or Infection Are Expected to Remain Robust against Omicron.

Ahmed, Syed Faraz / Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul / McKay, Matthew R

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Omicron, the most recent SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC), harbours multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not observed in previous VOCs. Initial studies suggest Omicron to substantially reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies ... ...

Abstract	Omicron, the most recent SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC), harbours multiple mutations in the spike protein that were not observed in previous VOCs. Initial studies suggest Omicron to substantially reduce the neutralizing capability of antibodies induced from vaccines and previous infection. However, its effect on T cell responses remains to be determined. Here, we assess the effect of Omicron mutations on known T cell epitopes and report data suggesting T cell responses to remain broadly robust against this new variant.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology ; Humans ; Mutation ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Proteins ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14010079
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Article ; Online: Confronting challenges

Tehniat Faraz Ahmed / Affan Ahmed / Quratulain Humayun / Syed Hamza Sohail / Fauzia Imtiaz

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Vol 73, Iss

an inductive thematic analysis of barriers and solutions to undergraduate medical research in Pakistan

2023 Volume 8

Abstract: Objectives: To qualitatively analyse the barriers in pursuing undergraduate research, and to propose solutions for the problems identified. Method: The qualitative study was conducted from May to October 2021 after approval from the institutional ethics ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To qualitatively analyse the barriers in pursuing undergraduate research, and to propose solutions for the problems identified. Method: The qualitative study was conducted from May to October 2021 after approval from the institutional ethics review board of the Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised undergraduate students of either gender at various public and private medical universities across Pakistan having some level of research experience and good communication skills. Data triangulation was employed to collect qualitative data through open-ended survey, face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions. Using the information of one method to inform the rest, linked trajectories were established that allowed validation of information at each level. Data was coded manually by two researchers independently. Data was subjected to inductive thematic analysis. Results: Of the 33 subjects, 17(51.5%) were males, 17(51.5%) were from private medical colleges, 18(54.5%) were from Karachi, and 11(33.3%) were in the final year of medical school. Overall, 13(39.4%) students completed the open-ended survey, 6(18.2%) completed face-to-face interviews, and 14(42.4%) participated in focus group discussions. Thematic anlsysis showed that students were interested in research to improve their career prospects, but not all were passionate about it. Students were not satisfied with the quality of research being conducted Pakistan in the country. Dearth of motivated faculty, unavailability of well-maintained and digitalised data registries, ineffective research methodology teaching and lack of access to medical journals and research software were the major barriers in undergraduate research. Time constraint was a projecting problem which challenged the students. Frequent research workshops and conferences, strong networking, reorienting curriculum to provide early exposure to research and student-led initiatives were suggested to improve undergraduate research in Pakistan. Conclusion: Students’ ...
Keywords	Undergraduate medical education ; Qualitative research ; Focus groups ; Interview ; Pakistan ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	020
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pakistan Medical Association
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Confronting Challenges: An Inductive Thematic Analysis Of Barriers And Solutions To Undergraduate Medical Research In Pakistan.

Ahmed, Tehniat Faraz / Ahmed, Affan / Humayun, Quratulain / Sohail, Syed Hamza / Imtiaz, Fauzia

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2023 Volume 73, Issue 8, Page(s) 1640–1646

Abstract: Objective: To qualitatively analyse the barriers in pursuing undergraduate research, and to propose solutions for the problems identified.: Methods: The qualitative study was conducted from May to October 2021 after approval from the institutional ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To qualitatively analyse the barriers in pursuing undergraduate research, and to propose solutions for the problems identified. Methods: The qualitative study was conducted from May to October 2021 after approval from the institutional ethics review board of the Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised undergraduate students of either gender at various public and private medical universities across Pakistan having some level of research experience and good communication skills. Data triangulation was employed to collect qualitative data through open-ended survey, face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions. Using the information of one method to inform the rest, linked trajectories were established that allowed validation of information at each level. Data was coded manually by two researchers independently. Data was subjected to inductive thematic analysis. Results: Of the 33 subjects, 17(51.5%) were males, 17(51.5%) were from private medical colleges, 18(54.5%) were from Karachi, and 11(33.3%) were in the final year of medical school. Overall, 13(39.4%) students completed the open-ended survey, 6(18.2%) completed face-to-face interviews, and 14(42.4%) participated in focus group discussions. Thematic analysis showed that students were interested in research to improve their career prospects, but not all were passionate about it. Students were not satisfied with the quality of research being conducted in the country. Dearth of motivated faculty, unavailability of well-maintained and digitalised data registries, ineffective research methodology teaching and lack of access to medical journals and research software were the major barriers in undergraduate research. Time constraint was a projecting problem which challenged the students. Frequent research workshops and conferences, strong networking, reorienting curriculum to provide early exposure to research and student-led initiatives were suggested to improve undergraduate research in Pakistan. Conclusions: Students' lack of initiative coupled with administrative and faculty-related issues pose a serious threat to the future of evidence-based medicine. Proposed solutions offer a ray of hope to the future of undergraduate research in Pakistan.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Pakistan ; Students ; Biomedical Research ; Curriculum ; Emotions
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-12
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.7806
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