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Article ; Online: La decisión de Trajano: un punto de vista neurológico.

Herrero-San Martín, A / Villarejo-Galende, A

2020 Volume 70, Issue 7, Page(s) 264–268

Abstract: The emperor of Rome, Marco Ulpio Trajano, ruled the Roman Empire from 98 to 117 AD, being the first emperor of non-Italian origin and the man who took the Empire to its maximum geographical extent. Trajan's death is surrounded by mystery, given Adriano's ...

Title translation	Trajan's decision: a neurological point of view.
Abstract	The emperor of Rome, Marco Ulpio Trajano, ruled the Roman Empire from 98 to 117 AD, being the first emperor of non-Italian origin and the man who took the Empire to its maximum geographical extent. Trajan's death is surrounded by mystery, given Adriano's controversial adoption as his successor just before his death, as well as rumors of poisoning by his wife, Plotina. In addition, despite the limited literary sources available, episodes of «paralysis», «stroke», «dropsy», diarrhea and nonspecific episodes of «illness» have been documented, related to the worsening of his health the months before his death. His special love of wine and life habits related to the personality of the emperor, could be associated with his delicate state of health during the last year of his government, although it is not possible to rule out other pathological processes with neurological involvement associated with the last years of life of the optimus princeps, which could interfere with his last decisions as ruler. In this article, the historical sources available are reviewed in order to analyze, from the neurological point of view, the last moments of the emperor with which Rome reached its maximum military splendor.
MeSH term(s)	History, Ancient ; Nervous System Diseases ; Rome
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2020-06-02
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1468278-3
ISSN	1576-6578 ; 0210-0010
ISSN (online)	1576-6578
ISSN	0210-0010
DOI	10.33588/rn.7007.2019510
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Article ; Online: Limbic encephalitis secondary to neuro-Behcet disease: an uncommon presentation.

Seoane, D / Roca-Rodríguez, L / Ruiz-Ortiz, M / Franco-Domingo, N / Laespada-García, M I / Sánchez-Tejerina, D / González-Crespo, M R / Villarejo-Galende, A / González-Sánchez, M

Revista de neurologia

2023 Volume 77, Issue 2, Page(s) 61–64

Abstract: Introduction: Limbic encephalitis (LE) can have a wide range of etiologies, most frequently infectious (especially viral) or autoimmune. Behcet's disease (BD) can present with heterogeneous neurological manifestations. However, LE is not considered a ... ...

Title translation	Encefalitis límbica secundaria a neuro-Behçet: una presentación insólita.
Abstract	Introduction: Limbic encephalitis (LE) can have a wide range of etiologies, most frequently infectious (especially viral) or autoimmune. Behcet's disease (BD) can present with heterogeneous neurological manifestations. However, LE is not considered a typical presentation of neuro-Behcet's disease (NBD). Case report: A 40-years-old male presented with new-onset subacute headaches, memory problems and apathy. A review of systems revealed an unrecorded past history of recurrent oral sores for years, recent malaise and fever, as well as an episode of bilateral panuveitis four months before presentation. His general and neurologic examination revealed slight fever, an isolated oral aphtha, anterograde amnesia and signs of bilateral retinal vasculitis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging displayed a pattern of limbic meningoencephalitis, and his cerebrospinal fluid showed mononuclear inflammation. The patient met BD diagnostic criteria. Considering LE is a very rare presentation of NBD, alternative etiologies were thoroughly assessed and excluded, including infectious, autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis. Therefore, he was diagnosed with NBD, and he recovered well after immunosuppression. Discussion: Only two cases of NBD presenting with LE have been previously reported. We report a third case of this rare presentation and compare it with the previous two. We aim to highlight this association and contribute to enlarge the rich clinical spectrum of NBD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Behcet Syndrome/complications ; Behcet Syndrome/diagnosis ; Limbic Encephalitis/complications ; Brain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Headache/etiology
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2023-07-02
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Review ; Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1468278-3
ISSN	1576-6578 ; 0210-0010
ISSN (online)	1576-6578
ISSN	0210-0010
DOI	10.33588/rn.7702.2022049
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Article ; Online: Static first-minute-frame (FMF) PET imaging after

Gómez-Grande, Adolfo / Seiffert, Alexander P / Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / González-Sánchez, Marta / Llamas-Velasco, Sara / Bueno, Héctor / Gómez, Enrique J / Tabuenca, María José / Sánchez-González, Patricia

Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular

2023 Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 211–217

Abstract: Objective: To study the correlation between a static PET image of the first-minute-frame (FMF) acquired with : Material and methods: The study cohort includes 17 patients diagnosed with PPA with the following distribution: 9 nonfluent variant PPA, 4 ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To study the correlation between a static PET image of the first-minute-frame (FMF) acquired with Material and methods: The study cohort includes 17 patients diagnosed with PPA with the following distribution: 9 nonfluent variant PPA, 4 logopenic variant PPA, 1 semantic variant PPA, 3 unclassifiable PPA. Regional SUVRs are extracted from FMFs and their corresponding [ Results: SUVRs of both images show similar patterns of regional cerebral alterations. Intrapatient correlation analyses result in a mean coefficient of r=0.94±0.06. Regional interpatient correlation coefficients of the study cohort are greater than 0.81. Radiotracer-specific and variant-specific subcohorts show no difference in the similarity between the images. Conclusions: The static FMF could be a valid alternative to dynamic early-phase amyloid PET proposed in the literature, and a neurodegeneration biomarker for the diagnosis and classification of PPA in amyloid PET studies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Aphasia, Primary Progressive/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Amyloid
Chemical Substances	Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D) ; Amyloid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2253-8089
ISSN (online)	2253-8089
DOI	10.1016/j.remnie.2023.02.001
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Article ; Online: Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs as Candidates for the Prevention or Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Do they Still Have a Role?

Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / González-Sánchez, Marta / Blanco-Palmero, Víctor A / Llamas-Velasco, Sara / Benito-León, Julián

Current Alzheimer research

2021 Volume 17, Issue 11, Page(s) 1013–1022

Abstract: Purpose of review: To provide an updated analysis of the possible use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as treatments for Alzheimer´s disease (AD).: Recent findings: Neuroinflammation in AD is an active field of research, with ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: To provide an updated analysis of the possible use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as treatments for Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Recent findings: Neuroinflammation in AD is an active field of research, with increasing evidence from basic and clinical studies for an involvement of innate or adaptive immune responses in the pathophysiology of AD. Few clinical trials with anti-inflammatory drugs have been performed in the last decade, with negative results. Summary: Besides the information gathered from basic research, epidemiological studies have provided conflicting findings, with most case-control or prevalence studies suggesting an inverse relationship between NSAIDs use and AD, but divided results in prospective population-based incident cohort studies. Clinical trials with different NSAIDs are almost unanimous in reporting an absence of clear benefit in AD. Conclusion: The modulation of inflammatory responses is a promising therapeutic strategy in AD. After three decades of research, it seems that conventional NSAIDs are not the best pharmacological option, both for their lack of clear effects and for an unfavorable side-effect profile in long-term treatment. The development of other anti-inflammatory drugs as candidate treatments in AD may benefit from the knowledge acquired with NSAIDs.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/immunology ; Alzheimer Disease/prevention & control ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-17
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2205170-3
ISSN	1875-5828 ; 1567-2050
ISSN (online)	1875-5828
ISSN	1567-2050
DOI	10.2174/1567205017666201127163018
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Article: Physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism in a prospective population-based study (NEDICES).

Llamas-Velasco, Sara / Contador, Israel / Méndez-Guerrero, Antonio / Romero Ferreiro, Carmen / Benito-León, Julián / Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / Bermejo-Pareja, Félix

Preventive medicine reports

2021 Volume 23, Page(s) 101485

Abstract: To investigate whether physical activity (PA) is a protective factor for the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonism after three years of follow-up. All participants of this study were obtained from the Neurological Disorders in Central ... ...

Abstract	To investigate whether physical activity (PA) is a protective factor for the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonism after three years of follow-up. All participants of this study were obtained from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES), a prospective population-based cohort survey of older subjects (≥65 years) that comprised 5278 census-based participants at baseline (1994-1995). A modified version of Rosow-Breslau questionnaire was applied to categorize PA into active versus sedentary group. The final diagnosis of PD and parkinsonism was made by an expert neurologist. Cox regression models (CRM) adjusted for several covariates (sex, age, education, alcohol consumption, tobacco, stroke, hypertension and body mass index) were used to calculate the association between PA (active group vs. sedentary) and risk of PD and parkinsonism after three years. 22 incident PD and 25 incident parkinsonism cases were identified among 2943 participants with available PA information (57.1% female; mean age = 73.28 ± 6.24 years) after three years of follow-up. The CRM showed that the active group (vs. sedentary) showed a lower risk of parkinsonism (Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.18; 95% CI [0.07-0.51]; p = 0.0001). However, this effect was restricted to men (HR = 0.34; 95% CI [0.11-0.99], p < 0.05) for incident PD. PA may be a protective factor for incident parkinsonism, whereas this effect was only significant for men in the case of PD. The mechanisms implicated for brain maintenance in active individuals and the neurophysiological differences behind the role of sex on PD are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2785569-7
ISSN	2211-3355
ISSN	2211-3355
DOI	10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101485
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Article ; Online: High Correlation of Static First-Minute-Frame (FMF) PET Imaging after

Seiffert, Alexander P / Gómez-Grande, Adolfo / Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / González-Sánchez, Marta / Bueno, Héctor / Gómez, Enrique J / Sánchez-González, Patricia

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 21, Issue 15

Abstract: Dynamic early-phase PET images acquired with radiotracers binding to fibrillar amyloid-beta (Aβ) have shown to correlate with [ ...

Abstract	Dynamic early-phase PET images acquired with radiotracers binding to fibrillar amyloid-beta (Aβ) have shown to correlate with [
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Amyloid/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Aniline Compounds ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography
Chemical Substances	Amyloid ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Aniline Compounds ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s21155182
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Article: Increased YKL-40 but Not C-Reactive Protein Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Blanco-Palmero, Víctor Antonio / Rubio-Fernández, Marcos / Antequera, Desireé / Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / Molina, José Antonio / Ferrer, Isidro / Bartolome, Fernando / Carro, Eva

Biomedicines

2021 Volume 9, Issue 9

Abstract: Neuroinflammation is a common feature in Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) disease. In the last few decades, a testable hypothesis was proposed that protein-unfolding events might occur due to neuroinflammatory cascades involving alterations in the ... ...

Abstract	Neuroinflammation is a common feature in Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) disease. In the last few decades, a testable hypothesis was proposed that protein-unfolding events might occur due to neuroinflammatory cascades involving alterations in the crosstalk between glial cells and neurons. Here, we tried to clarify the pattern of two of the most promising biomarkers of neuroinflammation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in AD and PD. This study included cognitively unimpaired elderly patients, patients with mild cognitive impairment, patients with AD dementia, and patients with PD. CSF samples were analyzed for YKL-40 and C-reactive protein (CRP). We found that CSF YKL-40 levels were significantly increased only in dementia stages of AD. Additionally, increased YKL-40 levels were found in the cerebral orbitofrontal cortex from AD patients in agreement with augmented astrogliosis. Our study confirms that these biomarkers of neuroinflammation are differently detected in CSF from AD and PD patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines9091094
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Article ; Online: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use in older adults decreases risk of Alzheimer's disease mortality.

Benito-León, Julián / Contador, Israel / Vega, Saturio / Villarejo-Galende, Alberto / Bermejo-Pareja, Félix

PloS one

2019 Volume 14, Issue 9, Page(s) e0222505

Abstract: Alzheimer disease (AD) mortality risk in a large cohort of subjects treated or not with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether NSAIDs use is associated with decreased risk of AD mortality. In ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer disease (AD) mortality risk in a large cohort of subjects treated or not with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether NSAIDs use is associated with decreased risk of AD mortality. In this prospective, population-based study (Neurological Disorders in Central Spain [NEDICES]) of 5,072 people without AD (aged 65 years and older), sociodemographic, comorbidity factors, and current medications were recorded at baseline. Community-dwelling older adults were followed for a median of 12.7 years, after which the death certificates of deceased participants were examined. 2,672 (52.7%) of 5,072 participants died, including 504 (18.9%) NSAIDs users and 2,168 (81.1%) non-users. Of the 2,672 deceased participants, 113 (4.2%) had AD as a cause of death (8 [1.6%] among NSAIDs users and 105 [4.8%] among non-users, chi-square = 10.70, p = 0.001). In an unadjusted Cox model, risk of AD mortality was decreased in NSAIDs users (hazard ratio [HR] for AD mortality = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-0.72, p = 0.004) when compared to non-users. After adjusting for numerous demographic factors and co-morbidities, the HR for AD mortality in NSAIDs users was 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.73, p = 0.009. Stratified analyses showed a significantly decreased risk of AD mortality with aspirin, whereas non-aspirin NSAIDs only showed a statistical trend toward significance in the adjusted Cox regression models. NSAIDs use was associated with 71% decreased risk of AD mortality in older adults. Our results support the hypothesis that NSAIDs use is a protective factor of developing AD.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/mortality ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Spain
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0222505
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Article ; Online: Alzheimer's disease prevention: A way forward.

Bermejo-Pareja, F / Llamas-Velasco, S / Villarejo-Galende, A

Revista clinica espanola

2016 Volume 216, Issue 9, Page(s) 495–503

Abstract: This review proposes a more optimistic view of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in contrast to that contributed by the ageing of the population and the failure of potentially curative therapies (vaccines and others). Treatment failure is likely due to the fact ... ...

Title translation	Prevención de la enfermedad de Alzheimer: un camino a seguir.
Abstract	This review proposes a more optimistic view of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in contrast to that contributed by the ageing of the population and the failure of potentially curative therapies (vaccines and others). Treatment failure is likely due to the fact that AD gestates in the brain for decades but manifests in old age. This review updates the concept of AD and presents the results of recent studies that show that primary prevention can reduce the incidence and delay the onset of the disease. Half of all cases of AD are potentially preventable through education, the control of cardiovascular risk factors, the promotion of healthy lifestyles and specific drug treatments. These approaches could substantially reduce the future incidence rate of this disease.
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2016-06-17
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2254-8874
ISSN (online)	2254-8874
DOI	10.1016/j.rce.2016.05.010
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Article ; Online: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation: clinical features and treatment response in a case series.

Martín-Jiménez, P / Sánchez-Tornero, M / Llamas-Velasco, S / Guerrero-Molina, M P / González-Sánchez, M / Herrero-San Martín, A / Blanco-Palmero, V / Calleja-Castaño, P / Francisco-Gonzalo, J / Hilario, A / Ramos, A / Salvador, E / Toldos, Ó / Hernández-Lain, A / Pérez-Martínez, D A / Villarejo-Galende, A

Neurologia

2023 Volume 38, Issue 8, Page(s) 550–559

Abstract: Introduction: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is an entity characterised by an inflammatory response to β-amyloid deposition in the walls of cerebral microvessels.: Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of a series of ...

Abstract	Introduction: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is an entity characterised by an inflammatory response to β-amyloid deposition in the walls of cerebral microvessels. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of a series of patients with a diagnosis of CAA-ri according to histopathological study findings or clinical-radiological diagnostic criteria. Results: The study included 7 patients (5 men) with a mean age of 79 years. Disease onset was acute or subacute in 6 patients. The most frequent symptoms were cognitive impairment (n = 6), behavioural alterations (n = 5), epileptic seizures (n = 5), focal neurological signs (n = 4), and headache (n = 2). Cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal in 3 patients (lymphocytic pleocytosis and high protein levels). The most frequent MRI findings were microbleeds (n = 7), subcortical white matter hyperintensities on T2-FLAIR sequences (n = 7), and leptomeningeal enhancement (n = 6). Lesions were bilateral in 3 patients and most frequently involved the parieto-occipital region (n = 5). Amyloid PET studies were performed in 2 patients, one of whom showed pathological findings. Two patients underwent brain biopsy, which confirmed diagnosis. All patients received immunosuppressive therapy. An initially favourable clinical-radiological response was observed in all cases, with 2 patients presenting radiological recurrence after treatment withdrawal, with a subsequent improvement after treatment was resumed. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of CAA-ri is essential: early treatment has been shown to improve prognosis and reduce the risk of recurrence. Although a histopathological study is needed to confirm diagnosis, clinical-radiological criteria enable diagnosis without biopsy.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/complications ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/diagnostic imaging ; Inflammation/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2654369-2
ISSN	2173-5808 ; 2173-5808
ISSN (online)	2173-5808
ISSN	2173-5808
DOI	10.1016/j.nrleng.2023.07.002
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