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  1. Article ; Online: Understanding the increased susceptibility to asthma development in preterm infants.

    Anderson, Jeremy / Do, Lien Anh Ha / Wurzel, Danielle / Licciardi, Paul V

    Allergy

    2023  Volume 78, Issue 4, Page(s) 928–939

    Abstract: Preterm birth is associated with aberrant pulmonary development and increased susceptibility to a range of chronic lung diseases. Even in healthy preterms, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma is far higher than in infants born at term. While ... ...

    Abstract Preterm birth is associated with aberrant pulmonary development and increased susceptibility to a range of chronic lung diseases. Even in healthy preterms, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma is far higher than in infants born at term. While physiological, environmental, and genetic factors have been studied extensively, few studies have investigated the immunological factors underpinning this increased susceptibility. Lower rates of atopy and allergic sensitization in preterm compared to term infants suggests non-allergic mechanisms may be driving asthma development in preterms. Preterm infants are more likely to develop severe RSV and HRV disease and have altered microbiomes compared to term infants. Therefore, investigating the differences in immunological interactions (e.g., response to viral infections, microbiome) between children born preterm and term will aid in understanding the immunological basis for their increased susceptibility to asthma development. This is critical to inform the development of interventions to reduce the burden of asthma in this highly vulnerable demographic.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Child ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Infant, Premature ; Risk Factors ; Premature Birth ; Asthma/etiology ; Asthma/genetics ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391933-x
    ISSN 1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
    ISSN (online) 1398-9995
    ISSN 0105-4538
    DOI 10.1111/all.15662
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  2. Article ; Online: Factors and Challenges in Understanding SARS-CoV-2 RNA Levels, Symptoms, and Transmissibility.

    Toh, Zheng Quan / Do, Lien Anh Ha / Licciardi, Paul V

    JAMA pediatrics

    2021  Volume 175, Issue 12, Page(s) 1292–1293

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2701223-2
    ISSN 2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
    ISSN (online) 2168-6211
    ISSN 2168-6203
    DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.3573
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  3. Article ; Online: Understanding the increased susceptibility to asthma development in preterm infants

    Anderson, Jeremy / Do, Lien Anh Ha / Wurzel, Danielle / Licciardi, Paul V.

    Allergy. 2023 Apr., v. 78, no. 4, p. 928-939

    2023  , Page(s) 928–939

    Abstract: Preterm birth is associated with aberrant pulmonary development and increased susceptibility to a range of chronic lung diseases. Even in healthy preterms, the prevalence of physician‐diagnosed asthma is far higher than in infants born at term. While ... ...

    Abstract Preterm birth is associated with aberrant pulmonary development and increased susceptibility to a range of chronic lung diseases. Even in healthy preterms, the prevalence of physician‐diagnosed asthma is far higher than in infants born at term. While physiological, environmental, and genetic factors have been studied extensively, few studies have investigated the immunological factors underpinning this increased susceptibility. Lower rates of atopy and allergic sensitization in preterm compared to term infants suggests non‐allergic mechanisms may be driving asthma development in preterms. Preterm infants are more likely to develop severe RSV and HRV disease and have altered microbiomes compared to term infants. Therefore, investigating the differences in immunological interactions (e.g., response to viral infections, microbiome) between children born preterm and term will aid in understanding the immunological basis for their increased susceptibility to asthma development. This is critical to inform the development of interventions to reduce the burden of asthma in this highly vulnerable demographic.
    Keywords asthma ; atopy ; lungs ; microbiome ; premature birth
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 928-939
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 391933-x
    ISSN 1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
    ISSN (online) 1398-9995
    ISSN 0105-4538
    DOI 10.1111/all.15662
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  4. Article ; Online: Impact and cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in Vietnam: A modelling study.

    Do, Lien Anh Ha / Le, Nguyen Thanh Nhan / Mahmud, Sarwat / Mulholland, Kim / Pecenka, Clint / Clark, Andrew

    Vaccine

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: New prevention strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are emerging, but it is unclear if they will be cost-effective in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of two strategies to ...

    Abstract Background: New prevention strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are emerging, but it is unclear if they will be cost-effective in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of two strategies to prevent RSV disease in young children in Vietnam.
    Methods: We used a static cohort model with a finely disaggregated age structure (weeks of age <5 years) to calculate the RSV disease burden in Vietnam, with and without a single dose of maternal vaccine (RSVpreF, Pfizer) or of monoclonal antibody (Nirsevimab, Sanofi, Astra Zeneca). Each strategy was compared to no pharmaceutical intervention, and to each other. We assumed both strategies would be administered year round over a ten-year period. The primary outcome measure was the cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted, from a societal perspective. We ran probabilistic and deterministic uncertainty analyses.
    Results: With central input assumptions for RSVpreF vaccine ($25/dose, 69 % efficacy, 6 months protection) and Nirsevimab ($25/dose, 77 % efficacy, 5 months protection), both options had similar cost-effectiveness ($3442 versus $3367 per DALY averted) when compared separately to no pharmaceutical intervention. RSVpreF vaccine had a lower net cost than Nirsevimab (net discounted cost of $213 m versus $264 m) but prevented fewer RSV deaths (24 % versus 31 %). Our results were very sensitive to assumptions about the dose price, efficacy, and duration of protection. At $5/dose and a willingness-to-pay threshold of 0.5 times the national GDP per capita, both prevention strategies are cost-effective.
    Conclusions: RSVpreF vaccine and Nirsevimab may be cost-effective in Vietnam if appropriately priced.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.003
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  5. Article ; Online: How long are children protected by influenza vaccination?

    Do, Lien Anh Ha / Mulholland, Kim

    The Lancet. Respiratory medicine

    2018  Volume 6, Issue 12, Page(s) 889–891

    MeSH term(s) Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Hong Kong ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Vaccination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2686754-0
    ISSN 2213-2619 ; 2213-2600
    ISSN (online) 2213-2619
    ISSN 2213-2600
    DOI 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30463-6
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  6. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and implications for vaccination.

    Nathanielsz, Jordan / Toh, Zheng Quan / Do, Lien Anh Ha / Mulholland, Kim / Licciardi, Paul V

    Pediatric research

    2022  Volume 93, Issue 5, Page(s) 1177–1187

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for more than 500 million cases worldwide as of April 2022. Initial estimates in 2020 found that children were less likely to become ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for more than 500 million cases worldwide as of April 2022. Initial estimates in 2020 found that children were less likely to become infected with SARS-CoV-2 and more likely to be asymptomatic or display mild COVID-19 symptoms. Our early understanding of COVID-19 transmission and disease in children led to a range of public health measures including school closures that have indirectly impacted child health and wellbeing. The emergence of variants of concern (particularly Delta and Omicron) has raised new issues about transmissibility in children, as preliminary data suggest that children may be at increased risk of infection, especially if unvaccinated. Global national prevalence data show that SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents is rising due to COVID-19 vaccination among adults and increased circulation of Delta and Omicron variants. To mitigate this, childhood immunisation programmes are being implemented globally to prevent direct and indirect consequences of COVID-19 including severe complications (e.g., MIS-C), debilitating long-COVID symptoms, and the indirect impacts of prolonged community and school closures on childhood education, social and behavioural development and mental health. This review explores the current state of knowledge on COVID-19 in children including COVID-19 vaccination strategies. IMPACT: Provides an up-to-date account of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children. Discusses the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 in children. Provides the latest information on the current state of global COVID-19 vaccination in children.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Child ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Pandemics ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 4411-8
    ISSN 1530-0447 ; 0031-3998
    ISSN (online) 1530-0447
    ISSN 0031-3998
    DOI 10.1038/s41390-022-02254-x
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  7. Article ; Online: Understanding COVID-19 in children may provide clues to protect at-risk populations.

    Do, Lien Anh Ha / Anderson, Jeremy / Sutton, Philip / Pellicci, Daniel G / Mulholland, Kim / Licciardi, Paul V

    BMJ paediatrics open

    2020  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) e000702

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2399-9772
    ISSN (online) 2399-9772
    DOI 10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000702
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  8. Article ; Online: Understanding COVID-19 in children may provide clues to protect at-risk populations

    Lien Anh Ha Do / Jeremy Anderson / Philip Sutton / Daniel G Pellicci / Paul V Licciardi

    BMJ Paediatrics Open, Vol 4, Iss

    2020  Volume 1

    Keywords Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Can data from paediatric cohorts solve the COVID-19 puzzle?

    Do, Lien Anh Ha / Anderson, Jeremy / Mulholland, Edward Kim / Licciardi, Paul V

    PLoS pathogens

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 9, Page(s) e1008798

    Abstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is significantly more severe in adults than in children. The biological reasons for this difference remain to be elucidated. We have compared the most recent virological and immunological data related to COVID-19 between ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is significantly more severe in adults than in children. The biological reasons for this difference remain to be elucidated. We have compared the most recent virological and immunological data related to COVID-19 between adults and children and contrasted this with earlier data from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by the related SARS-CoV-1 in 2003. Based on these available data, a number of hypotheses are proposed to explain the difference in COVID-19 clinical outcomes between adults and children. NF-kB may be a key factor that could explain the severe clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in adults as well as rare complications associated with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in paediatric COVID-19 patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Humans ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/drug therapy ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/immunology
    Chemical Substances NF-kappa B
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2205412-1
    ISSN 1553-7374 ; 1553-7374
    ISSN (online) 1553-7374
    ISSN 1553-7374
    DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008798
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  10. Article ; Online: Exploring the Possible Cause of the Dramatic Increase in Measles Mortality During the 2015-2016 Mongolian Outbreak.

    Do, Lien Anh Ha / Tsedenbal, Naranzul / von Mollendorf, Claire / Mungun, Tuya / Bardach, Darmaa / Mulholland, Kim

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 224, Issue 7, Page(s) 1266–1268

    MeSH term(s) Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Measles/mortality ; Measles virus/isolation & purification ; Mongolia/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa084
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