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  1. Article ; Online: Role of Cannabinoids in Inflammation.

    Downer, Eric J

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 2

    Abstract: This Special Issue brings an update on some of the advances in research in the cannabinoid field, with focus on the impact of cannabinoids on inflammation [ ... ]. ...

    Abstract This Special Issue brings an update on some of the advances in research in the cannabinoid field, with focus on the impact of cannabinoids on inflammation [...].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules27020478
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    Zs.MO 81: Show issues

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  2. Article ; Online: Anti-inflammatory Potential of Terpenes Present in

    Downer, Eric J

    ACS chemical neuroscience

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 659–662

    Abstract: ... Cannabis ... ...

    Abstract Cannabis sativa
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; Cannabinoids ; Cannabis ; Humans ; Terpenes/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antioxidants ; Cannabinoids ; Terpenes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1948-7193
    ISSN (online) 1948-7193
    DOI 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00075
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  3. Article ; Online: Role of Cannabinoids in Inflammation

    Eric J. Downer

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 478, p

    2022  Volume 478

    Abstract: This Special Issue brings an update on some of the advances in research in the cannabinoid field, with focus on the impact of cannabinoids on inflammation [.] ...

    Abstract This Special Issue brings an update on some of the advances in research in the cannabinoid field, with focus on the impact of cannabinoids on inflammation [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Toll-like receptor signalling as a cannabinoid target.

    Cui Sun, Melody / Otálora-Alcaraz, Almudena / Prenderville, Jack A / Downer, Eric J

    Biochemical pharmacology

    2024  Volume 222, Page(s) 116082

    Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have become a focus in biomedicine and biomedical research given the roles of this unique family of innate immune proteins in immune activation, infection, and autoimmunity. It is evident that TLR dysregulation, and subsequent ... ...

    Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have become a focus in biomedicine and biomedical research given the roles of this unique family of innate immune proteins in immune activation, infection, and autoimmunity. It is evident that TLR dysregulation, and subsequent alterations in TLR-mediated inflammatory signalling, can contribute to disease pathogenesis, and TLR targeted therapies are in development. This review highlights evidence that cannabinoids are key regulators of TLR signalling. Cannabinoids include component of the plant Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa), synthetic and endogenous ligands, and overall represent a class of compounds whose therapeutic potential and mechanism of action continues to be elucidated. Cannabinoid-based medicines are in the clinic, and are furthermore under intense investigation for broad clinical development to manage symptoms of a range of disorders. In this review, we present an overview of research evidence that signalling linked to a range of TLRs is targeted by cannabinoids, and such cannabinoid mediated effects represent therapeutic avenues for further investigation. First, we provide an overview of TLRs, adaptors and key signalling events, alongside a summary of evidence that TLRs are linked to disease pathologies. Next, we discuss the cannabinoids system and the development of cannabinoid-based therapeutics. Finally, for the bulk of this review, we systematically outline the evidence that cannabinoids (plant-derived cannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids, and endogenous cannabinoid ligands) can cross-talk with innate immune signalling governed by TLRs, focusing specifically on each member of the TLR family. Cannabinoids should be considered as key regulators of signalling controlled by TLRs, and such regulation should be a major focus in terms of the anti-inflammatory propensity of the cannabinoid system.
    MeSH term(s) Cannabinoids/pharmacology ; Cannabinoids/therapeutic use ; Cannabinoids/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Signal Transduction ; Endocannabinoids ; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators ; Ligands ; Receptors, Cannabinoid
    Chemical Substances Cannabinoids ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Endocannabinoids ; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators ; Ligands ; Receptors, Cannabinoid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208787-x
    ISSN 1873-2968 ; 0006-2952
    ISSN (online) 1873-2968
    ISSN 0006-2952
    DOI 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116082
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    Zs.A 19: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Gαq takes centre stage in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis.

    Downer, Eric J

    Cellular & molecular immunology

    2017  Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) 401–402

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ; Interleukin-6 ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Th17 Cells
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-6
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-20
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2435097-7
    ISSN 2042-0226 ; 1672-7681
    ISSN (online) 2042-0226
    ISSN 1672-7681
    DOI 10.1038/cmi.2017.6
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    Zs.A 6681: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Conference proceedings: Investigating cannabinoid modulation of endosomal toll-like receptor signalling

    Sun, Melody Cui / Alcaraz, Almudena Otalora / Bateman, Rebecca / Downer, Eric J.

    Planta Medica

    2023  Volume 89, Issue 14

    Event/congress 71st International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA), Trinity College Dublin Ireland, 2023-07-02
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article ; Conference proceedings
    ZDB-ID 123545-x
    ISSN 1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
    ISSN (online) 1439-0221
    ISSN 0032-0943
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1773932
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  7. Article ; Online: Botanically-Derived Δ

    Fitzpatrick, John-Mark / Hackett, Becky / Costelloe, Lisa / Hind, William / Downer, Eric J

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 6

    Abstract: The innate immune response to bacterial and viral molecules involves the coordinated production of cytokines, chemokines, and type I interferons (IFNs), which is orchestrated by toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs, and their intracellular signalling ... ...

    Abstract The innate immune response to bacterial and viral molecules involves the coordinated production of cytokines, chemokines, and type I interferons (IFNs), which is orchestrated by toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs, and their intracellular signalling intermediates, are closely associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Recent data from our laboratory reported that the plant-derived cannabinoids, Δ
    MeSH term(s) Cannabidiol/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
    Chemical Substances TLR3 protein, human ; TLR4 protein, human ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Cannabidiol (19GBJ60SN5) ; Dronabinol (7J8897W37S)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules27061763
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  8. Article ; Online: Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling.

    Pereira, Sónia R / Hackett, Becky / O'Driscoll, David N / Sun, Melody Cui / Downer, Eric J

    Neuronal signaling

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) NS20200080

    Abstract: Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in ... ...

    Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2059-6553
    ISSN (online) 2059-6553
    DOI 10.1042/NS20200080
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  9. Article ; Online: High hopes for CB(2) receptors in neurogenesis.

    Downer, Eric J

    British journal of pharmacology

    2013  Volume 171, Issue 6, Page(s) 1345–1346

    Abstract: Unlabelled: During life, new neurons are continually added to hippocampal circuitry, with evidence suggesting that these adult-born neurons are functionally linked to cognition and emotion. The mammalian brain contains actively dividing neural stem ... ...

    Abstract Unlabelled: During life, new neurons are continually added to hippocampal circuitry, with evidence suggesting that these adult-born neurons are functionally linked to cognition and emotion. The mammalian brain contains actively dividing neural stem cells in discrete regions, including the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. Once mature, these neurons integrate into neuronal networks, forming synaptic connections with interneurons, mossy cells and CA3 pyramidal cells
    Linked article: This article is a commentary on Avraham et al., pp. 468-479 of volume 171 issue 2. To view this paper visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.12478.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neurogenesis/physiology ; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/physiology
    Chemical Substances Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80081-8
    ISSN 1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
    ISSN (online) 1476-5381
    ISSN 0007-1188
    DOI 10.1111/bph.12548
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    Uf I Zs.146: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Animated teaching improves student learning of human gastrulation and neurulation.

    O'Connor, Cole / Jordan, Karen / Vagg, Tamara / Murphy, Carrie E / Barry, Denis S / Toulouse, André / Fletcher, Jean M / Downer, Eric J

    Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft

    2023  Volume 247, Page(s) 152057

    Abstract: Human embryology is a complex topic that brings together core components of anatomy and physiology to describe the developmental process from fertilisation to birth. Embryonic development is a challenging topic of study that is core to the curricula for ... ...

    Abstract Human embryology is a complex topic that brings together core components of anatomy and physiology to describe the developmental process from fertilisation to birth. Embryonic development is a challenging topic of study that is core to the curricula for health science students. There are challenges ingrained in teaching and learning embryology, due to the three-dimensional dynamic processes that occur as the embryo develops. This study aimed to develop and assess two newly developed animations depicting key processes in embryology, namely gastrulation and neurulation, as supplemental learning aids for students. Indeed, animated teaching tools to enhance the learning of gastrulation and neurulation are not widely available. A multi-disciplinary team of physiologists, biochemists, anatomists, and a computer scientist developed the animation sets. A student cohort of 81 first-year health science students were enrolled in this study over a period of three academic years. Both animations are in line with the course content of the first-year health science students undertaking the Human Health and Disease BSc at Trinity College Dublin, who were the study participants. Participants were randomly assigned to a non-animation control group and an animation group. Each set of animated teaching aids was broken down into individual clips which were given identifiable headings to allow the user to interchange between clips to facilitate a more personal learning experience. The animation group had open access to the animations for a three-week period. Questionnaires were designed to assess participants' attitude to the animations and their knowledge of embryology, both at the start of the study and three weeks later following access to the animations. Data presented herein indicate that students incorporated the animated teaching aids into digital home study and that the use of the animations acted as a supplemental tool that increased student knowledge in key areas of human embryology. From a qualitative point of view, students described the animations as enjoyable and helpful in visualising complex processes. This study indicates that the development of gastrulation and neurulation animated learning tools allow for a more engaging learning experience, facilitating student's engagement with academically challenging concepts in human embryology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Computer-Assisted Instruction ; Neurulation ; Gastrulation ; Students ; Learning ; Teaching
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-23
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1106738-x
    ISSN 1618-0402 ; 0940-9602
    ISSN (online) 1618-0402
    ISSN 0940-9602
    DOI 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152057
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