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Article ; Online: Machine-learning approaches prevent post-treatment resistance-gaining bacterial recurrences.

Osman, Marwan / Mahieu, Rafael / Eveillard, Matthieu

2022 Volume 30, Issue 7, Page(s) 612–614

Abstract: Despite susceptibility testing, recurrent infections are common and are associated with resistance. Using whole-genome sequencing, Stracy et al. demonstrated that recurrence is often driven by a different strain than the original infection. By machine- ... ...

Abstract	Despite susceptibility testing, recurrent infections are common and are associated with resistance. Using whole-genome sequencing, Stracy et al. demonstrated that recurrence is often driven by a different strain than the original infection. By machine-learning analysis, they developed an algorithm for patient-specific recommendations to minimize antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at the individual-patient level.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Genome, Bacterial ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Recurrence
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1158963-2
ISSN	1878-4380 ; 0966-842X
ISSN (online)	1878-4380
ISSN	0966-842X
DOI	10.1016/j.tim.2022.05.006
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Article: Caractéristiques cliniques et épidémiologiques de la Covid-19.

Mahieu, Rafael / Dubée, Vincent

Actualites pharmaceutiques

2020 Volume 59, Issue 599, Page(s) 24–26

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the coronavirus with respiratory tropism responsible for COVID-19, was isolated for the first time in China at the end of 2019. Several months after its discovery and despite its pandemic spread, there are ...

Title translation	Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19.
Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the coronavirus with respiratory tropism responsible for COVID-19, was isolated for the first time in China at the end of 2019. Several months after its discovery and despite its pandemic spread, there are still many grey areas concerning the pathophysiology and treatment of COVID-19. However, we have strong data on its epidemiological characteristics and the clinical expression of this disease is now well described.
Keywords	covid19
Language	French
Publishing date	2020-08-21
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	885063-x
ISSN	0515-3700
ISSN	0515-3700
DOI	10.1016/j.actpha.2020.08.006
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Article ; Online: A 78-Year-Old Woman With Diarrhea and Respiratory Failure.

Mahieu, Rafael / Léger, Maxime / Dubillot, Marie / Demiselle, Julien

Chest

2021 Volume 159, Issue 3, Page(s) e159–e162

Abstract: Case presentation: A 78-year-old woman was admitted to the ED with a 10-day history of diarrhea and recent onset of dry cough, fever, and asthenia. She had a medical history of obesity (BMI 32) and arterial hypertension treated with irbesartan. In the ... ...

Abstract	Case presentation: A 78-year-old woman was admitted to the ED with a 10-day history of diarrhea and recent onset of dry cough, fever, and asthenia. She had a medical history of obesity (BMI 32) and arterial hypertension treated with irbesartan. In the context of a large-scale lockdown in France during the COVID-19 pandemic, she only had physical contact with her husband, who did not report any symptoms. She required mechanical ventilation because of severe hypoxemia within 1 hour after admission to the ED.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19 Testing/methods ; Comorbidity ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea/diagnosis ; Diarrhea/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Obesity/diagnosis ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Respiration, Artificial/methods ; Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1016/j.chest.2020.09.248
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Article ; Online: Caractéristiques cliniques et épidémiologiques de la Covid-19

Mahieu, Rafael / Dubée, Vincent

Actualités Pharmaceutiques

2020 Volume 59, Issue 599, Page(s) 24–26

Keywords	Pharmacology (medical) ; Pharmacology ; covid19
Language	French
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	885063-x
ISSN	0515-3700
ISSN	0515-3700
DOI	10.1016/j.actpha.2020.08.006
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Machine-learning approaches prevent post-treatment resistance-gaining bacterial recurrences

Osman, Marwan / Mahieu, Rafael / Eveillard, Matthieu

Trends in microbiology. 2022,

2022

Abstract	Despite susceptibility testing, recurrent infections are common and are associated with resistance. Using whole-genome sequencing, Stracy et al. demonstrated that recurrence is often driven by a different strain than the original infection. By machine-learning analysis, they developed an algorithm for patient-specific recommendations to minimize antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at the individual-patient level.
Keywords	algorithms ; antibiotic resistance ; artificial intelligence ; microbiology
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1158963-2
ISSN	1878-4380 ; 0966-842X
ISSN (online)	1878-4380
ISSN	0966-842X
DOI	10.1016/j.tim.2022.05.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: bla

Lemarié, Carole / Marion, Estelle / Mahieu, Rafael / Donnars, Anne / Eveillard, Matthieu

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2021 Volume 43, Issue 9, Page(s) 1277–1278

MeSH term(s)	Bacterial Proteins ; Carbapenems ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Waste Water ; beta-Lactamases
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; Carbapenems ; Waste Water ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2021.234
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Article: Caractéristiques cliniques et épidémiologiques de la Covid-19./ [Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19]

Mahieu, Rafael / Dubée, Vincent

Actual Pharm

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the coronavirus with respiratory tropism responsible for COVID-19, was isolated for the first time in China at the end of 2019. Several months after its discovery and despite its pandemic spread, there are still many grey areas concerning the pathophysiology and treatment of COVID-19. However, we have strong data on its epidemiological characteristics and the clinical expression of this disease is now well described.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #866342
Database	COVID19

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Article: Impact of a strategy based on unique blood culture sampling on contamination rate and detection of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients.

Mahieu, Rafael / Lemarié, Carole / Douillet, Delphine / Mercat, Alain / Cormier, Hélène / Eveillard, Matthieu / Dubée, Vincent / Riou, Jérémie / Kouatchet, Achille

Annals of intensive care

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

Abstract: Background: Unique blood culture (UBC) has been proposed to limit the number of venipuncture and to decrease the risk of BC contaminations (BCC) without affecting their yield. We hypothesized that a multi-faceted program based on UBC in the ICU may ... ...

Abstract	Background: Unique blood culture (UBC) has been proposed to limit the number of venipuncture and to decrease the risk of BC contaminations (BCC) without affecting their yield. We hypothesized that a multi-faceted program based on UBC in the ICU may reduce the rate of contaminants with a similar performance for bloodstream infections (BSI) identification. Methods: In a before and after design, we compared the proportion of BSI and BCC. A first 3-year period with multi-sampling (MS) strategy followed by a 4-month washout period, where staff received education and training for using UBC, and a 32-month period, where UBC was routinely used, while education and feedback were maintained. During the UBC period, a large volume of blood (40 mL) was sampled through a unique venipuncture with additional BC collections discouraged for 48 h. Results: Of the 4,491 patients included (35% female patients, mean age 62 years) 17,466 BC were collected. The mean volume of blood per bottle collected increased from 2.8 ± 1.8 mL to 8.2 ± 3.9 mL between the MS and UBC periods, P < 0.01. A 59.6% reduction (95% CI 56.7-62.3; P < 0.001) of BC bottles collected per week was observed between the MS and UBC periods. The rate of BCC per patient decreased between the two periods from 11.2% to 3.8% (73.4% reduction; P < 0.001) for the MS and UBC periods, P < 0.001. Meanwhile, the rate of BSI per patient remained stable at 13.2% and 13.2% for the MS and UBC periods, P = 0.98. Conclusions: In ICU patients, a strategy based on UBC reduces the contamination rate of cultures without affecting their yield.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2617094-2
ISSN	2110-5820
ISSN	2110-5820
DOI	10.1186/s13613-023-01107-y
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Article ; Online: A clinical decision rule to rule out bloodstream infection in the emergency department: retrospective multicentric observational cohort study.

Pehlivan, Jonathan / Douillet, Delphine / Jérémie, Riou / Perraud, Clément / Niset, Alexandre / Eveillard, Matthieu / Chenouard, Rachel / Mahieu, Rafael

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ

2023 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 20–26

Abstract: Background: We aimed to identify patients at low risk of bloodstream infection (BSI) in the ED.: Methods: We derived and validated a prediction model to rule out BSI in the ED without the need for laboratory testing by determining variables ... ...

Abstract	Background: We aimed to identify patients at low risk of bloodstream infection (BSI) in the ED. Methods: We derived and validated a prediction model to rule out BSI in the ED without the need for laboratory testing by determining variables associated with a positive blood culture (BC) and assigned points according to regression coefficients. This retrospective study included adult patients suspected of having BSI (defined by at least one BC collection) from two European ED between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019. The primary end point was the BSI rate in the validation cohort for patients with a negative Bacteremia Rule Out Criteria (BAROC) score. The effect of adding laboratory variables to the model was evaluated as a second step in a two-step diagnostic strategy. Results: We analysed 2580 patients with a mean age of 64 years±21, of whom 46.1% were women. The derived BAROC score comprises 12 categorical clinical variables. In the validation cohort, it safely ruled out BSI without BCs in 9% (58/648) of patients with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 95% to 100%), a specificity of 10% (95% CI 8% to 13%) and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI 94% to 100%). Adding laboratory variables (creatinine ≥177 µmol/L (2.0 mg/dL), platelet count ≤150 000/mm Conclusion: The BAROC score safely identified patients at low risk of BSI and may reduce BC collection in the ED without the need for laboratory testing.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Clinical Decision Rules ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; Bacteremia/diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040124-3
ISSN	1472-0213 ; 1472-0205
ISSN (online)	1472-0213
ISSN	1472-0205
DOI	10.1136/emermed-2022-212987
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Article ; Online: Derivation and validation of a risk-stratification model for patients with probable or proven COVID-19 in EDs: the revised HOME-CoV score.

Douillet, Delphine / Riou, Jérémie / Morin, François / Mahieu, Rafaël / Chauvin, Anthony / Gennai, Stéphane / Ferrant, Lionel / Lopez, Raphaëlle / Sebbane, Mustapha / Plantefeve, Gaëtan / Brice, Christian / Cayeux, Coralie / Savary, Dominique / Moumneh, Thomas / Penaloza, Andrea / Roy, Pierre Marie

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ

2024 Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 218–225

Abstract: Background: The HOME-CoV (Hospitalisation or Outpatient ManagEment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection) score is a validated list of uniquely clinical criteria indicating which patients with probable or proven COVID-19 can be treated at home. The aim ... ...

Abstract	Background: The HOME-CoV (Hospitalisation or Outpatient ManagEment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection) score is a validated list of uniquely clinical criteria indicating which patients with probable or proven COVID-19 can be treated at home. The aim of this study was to optimise the score to improve its ability to discriminate between patients who do and do not need admission. Methods: A revised HOME-CoV score was derived using data from a previous prospective multicentre study which evaluated the original Home-CoV score. Patients with proven or probable COVID-19 attending 34 EDs in France, Monaco and Belgium between April and May 2020 were included. The population was split into a derivation and validation sample corresponding to the observational and interventional phases of the original study. The main outcome was non-invasive or invasive ventilation or all-cause death within 7 days following inclusion. Two threshold values were defined using a sensitivity of >0.9 and a specificity of >0.9 to identify low-risk and high-risk patients, respectively. The revised HOME-CoV score was then validated by retrospectively applying it to patients in the same EDs with proven or probable COVID-19 during the interventional phase. The revised HOME-CoV score was also tested against original HOME-CoV, qCSI, qSOFA, CRB65 and SMART-COP in this validation cohort. Results: There were 1696 patients in the derivation cohort, of whom 65 (3.8%) required non-invasive ventilation or mechanical ventilation or died within 7 days and 1304 patients in the validation cohort, of whom 22 (1.7%) had a progression of illness. The revised score included seven clinical criteria. The area under the curve (AUC) was 87.6 (95% CI 84.7 to 90.6). The cut-offs to define low-risk and high-risk patients were <2 and >3, respectively. In the validation cohort, the AUC was 85.8 (95% CI 80.6 to 91.0). A score of <2 qualified 73% of patients as low risk with a sensitivity of 0.77 (0.55-0.92) and a negative predictive value of 0.99 (0.99-1.00). Conclusion: The revised HOME-CoV score, which does not require laboratory testing, may allow accurate risk stratification and safely qualify a significant proportion of patients with probable or proven COVID-19 for home treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Hospitalization ; Predictive Value of Tests
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040124-3
ISSN	1472-0213 ; 1472-0205
ISSN (online)	1472-0213
ISSN	1472-0205
DOI	10.1136/emermed-2022-212631
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