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  1. Article: The occurrence of unusually cold weather could contribute to the incidence of carbon monoxide poisoning.

    Mehrpour, Omid / Sadeghi, Mahmood

    Clinical and experimental emergency medicine

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2383-4625
    ISSN 2383-4625
    DOI 10.15441/ceem.23.091
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  2. Article: Take-home naloxone program is a priority in Iran.

    Mehrpour, Omid

    Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

    2019  Volume 24, Page(s) 111

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-23
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2513029-8
    ISSN 1735-7136 ; 1735-1995
    ISSN (online) 1735-7136
    ISSN 1735-1995
    DOI 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_480_19
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article ; Online: Azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine overdose in Sjögren's syndrome patient with hypocalcemia: a case report.

    Kooshki, Alireza / Mehrpour, Omid / Nakhaee, Samaneh

    Journal of medical case reports

    2024  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 76

    Abstract: Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine have been routinely used to control and treat primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome, which potentially triggered some overdoses by these drugs. Toxicity from hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine have been routinely used to control and treat primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome, which potentially triggered some overdoses by these drugs. Toxicity from hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine manifests in the form of cardiac conduction abnormalities, nausea, vomiting, and muscle weakness. Recognizing these unique drug overdoses and management of these toxicities is important. This case report aims to expand our current understanding of these drug overdoses and their management and also underscores the importance of anticipating and identifying fewer common complications, such as hypocalcemia.
    Case report: A 34-year-old Persian woman with a history of Sjögren's syndrome presented to the emergency department 3.5-4 hours after an intentional overdose of hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine and severe hypotension and loss of consciousness. Although the patient was regularly taking other medications, such as fluoxetine, naproxen, and prednisolone, she explicitly clarified that these were not the substances involved in her overdose. Early investigations showed hypokalemia (2.4 mEq/L), hypocalcemia (7.5 mg/dL), and hypoglycemia (65 mg/dL). She was also diagnosed with metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. The electrocardiogram showed changes in favor of hypokalemia; other lab tests were run on the patient. Supportive treatments were applied, including rapid intravenous fluid dextrose 5%, normal saline, potassium chloride 30 mEq, and calcium gluconate 100 mg. The patient was managed and monitored overnight in the emergency room and recovered without residual side effects.
    Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine toxicity are considered rare, but it is likely to increase in frequency given the prevalence and increase in autoimmune diseases and the increasing usage of these drugs in treating such diseases. We found hypocalcemia as the presentation to this patient, which needs further investigation into the probable mechanism. Clinicians need to consider the unique effects of hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine poisoning and initiate appropriate emergency interventions to improve the outcomes in similar patients.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use ; Azathioprine/therapeutic use ; Hypocalcemia/chemically induced ; Sjogren's Syndrome/complications ; Sjogren's Syndrome/drug therapy ; Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis ; Hypokalemia/drug therapy ; Drug Overdose/drug therapy ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
    Chemical Substances Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH) ; Azathioprine (MRK240IY2L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2269805-X
    ISSN 1752-1947 ; 1752-1947
    ISSN (online) 1752-1947
    ISSN 1752-1947
    DOI 10.1186/s13256-024-04390-w
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  4. Article ; Online: Take-home naloxone program is a priority in Iran

    Omid Mehrpour

    Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 111-

    2019  Volume 111

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
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  5. Article ; Online: Outcome prediction of methadone poisoning in the United States: implications of machine learning in the National Poison Data System (NPDS).

    Mehrpour, Omid / Saeedi, Farhad / Vohra, Varun / Hoyte, Christopher

    Drug and chemical toxicology

    2023  , Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Methadone is an opioid receptor agonist with a high potential for abuse. The current study aimed to compare different machine learning models to predict the outcomes following methadone poisoning. This six-year retrospective longitudinal study utilizes ... ...

    Abstract Methadone is an opioid receptor agonist with a high potential for abuse. The current study aimed to compare different machine learning models to predict the outcomes following methadone poisoning. This six-year retrospective longitudinal study utilizes National Poison Data System (NPDS) data. The severity of outcomes was derived from the NPDS Coding Manual. Our database was divided into training (70%) and test (30%) sets. We used a light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (LR) to predict the outcomes of methadone poisoning. A total of 3847 patients with methadone exposures were included. Our results demonstrated that machine learning models conferred high accuracy and reliability in determining the outcomes of methadone poisoning cases. The performance evaluation showed all models had high accuracy, precision, specificity, recall, and
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 548368-2
    ISSN 1525-6014 ; 0148-0545
    ISSN (online) 1525-6014
    ISSN 0148-0545
    DOI 10.1080/01480545.2023.2277128
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  6. Article: Clinical and pharmacokinetics overview of intranasal administration of fentanyl.

    Nakhaee, Samaneh / Saeedi, Farhad / Mehrpour, Omid

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) e23083

    Abstract: Due to the presence of large surfaces and high blood supply, drug delivery through the nasal route of administration is the appropriate route to administrate drugs with rapid onsets of action. Bypassing first-pass metabolism can increase drug ... ...

    Abstract Due to the presence of large surfaces and high blood supply, drug delivery through the nasal route of administration is the appropriate route to administrate drugs with rapid onsets of action. Bypassing first-pass metabolism can increase drug bioavailability. The physicochemical properties of fentanyl led to a need to develop formulations for delivery by multiple routes. Several approved inter-nasal fentanyl products in Europe and the USA have been used in prehospital and emergency departments to treat chronic cancer pain and used to treat severe acute abdominal and flank pain. Analgesia durations and onsets were not significantly different between intranasal and intravenous fentanyl in patients with cancer breakthrough pain and were well-tolerated in the long term. Intranasal Fentanyl (INF) at a 50 μg/ml concentration decreased renal colic pain to the lowest level in 30 min. Possible adverse effects specific to INF are epistaxis, nasal wall ulcer, rhinorrhea, throat irritation, dysgeusia, nausea, and vomiting. However, there is limited available literature about the serious adverse effects of INF in adults and children. Intranasal Fentanyl Spray (INFS) results in significantly higher plasma concentrations and has a lower T
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23083
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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical and pharmacokinetics overview of intranasal administration of fentanyl

    Samaneh Nakhaee / Farhad Saeedi / Omid Mehrpour

    Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp e23083- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Due to the presence of large surfaces and high blood supply, drug delivery through the nasal route of administration is the appropriate route to administrate drugs with rapid onsets of action. Bypassing first-pass metabolism can increase drug ... ...

    Abstract Due to the presence of large surfaces and high blood supply, drug delivery through the nasal route of administration is the appropriate route to administrate drugs with rapid onsets of action. Bypassing first-pass metabolism can increase drug bioavailability. The physicochemical properties of fentanyl led to a need to develop formulations for delivery by multiple routes. Several approved inter-nasal fentanyl products in Europe and the USA have been used in prehospital and emergency departments to treat chronic cancer pain and used to treat severe acute abdominal and flank pain. Analgesia durations and onsets were not significantly different between intranasal and intravenous fentanyl in patients with cancer breakthrough pain and were well-tolerated in the long term. Intranasal Fentanyl (INF) at a 50 μg/ml concentration decreased renal colic pain to the lowest level in 30 min. Possible adverse effects specific to INF are epistaxis, nasal wall ulcer, rhinorrhea, throat irritation, dysgeusia, nausea, and vomiting. However, there is limited available literature about the serious adverse effects of INF in adults and children. Intranasal Fentanyl Spray (INFS) results in significantly higher plasma concentrations and has a lower Tmax than oral transmucosal formulation, and the bioavailability of fentanyl in intranasal formulations is very high (89 %), particularly in pectin-containing formulations such as PecFent and Lazanda.
    Keywords Intranasal ; Fentanyl ; Intranasal opioid ; Nasal rout ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: How much natural ventilation rate can suppress COVID-19 transmission in occupancy zones?

    Nejatian, Amir / Sadabad, Faranak Ebrahimian / Shirazi, Farshad M / Nejati, Seyed Faraz / Nakhaee, Samaneh / Mehrpour, Omid

    Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

    2024  Volume 28, Page(s) 84

    Abstract: Background: Previous research has emphasized the importance of efficient ventilation in suppressing COVID-19 transmission in indoor spaces, yet suitable ventilation rates have not been suggested.: Materials and methods: This study investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Previous research has emphasized the importance of efficient ventilation in suppressing COVID-19 transmission in indoor spaces, yet suitable ventilation rates have not been suggested.
    Materials and methods: This study investigated the impacts of mechanical, natural, single-sided, cross-ventilation, and three mask types (homemade, surgical, N95) on COVID-19 spread across eight common indoor settings. Viral exposure was quantified using a mass balance calculation of inhaled viral particles, accounting for initial viral load, removal via ventilation, and mask filtration efficiency.
    Results: Results demonstrated that natural cross-ventilation significantly reduced viral load, decreasing from 10,000 to 0 viruses over 15 minutes in a 100 m2 space by providing ~1325 m3/h of outdoor air via two 0.6 m2 openings at 1.5 m/s wind speed. In contrast, single-sided ventilation only halved viral load at best.
    Conclusion: Natural cross-ventilation with masks effectively suppressed airborne viruses, lowering potential infections and disease transmission. The study recommends suitable ventilation rates to reduce COVID-19 infection risks in indoor spaces.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2513029-8
    ISSN 1735-7136 ; 1735-1995
    ISSN (online) 1735-7136
    ISSN 1735-1995
    DOI 10.4103/jrms.jrms_796_22
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  9. Article ; Online: Using a decision tree algorithm to distinguish between repeated supra-therapeutic and acute acetaminophen exposures.

    Mehrpour, Omid / Hoyte, Christopher / Nakhaee, Samaneh / Megarbane, Bruno / Goss, Foster

    BMC medical informatics and decision making

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 102

    Abstract: Background: This study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of supra-therapeutic (RSTI) and acute acetaminophen exposures using a predictive decision tree (DT) algorithm.: Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using ... ...

    Abstract Background: This study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of supra-therapeutic (RSTI) and acute acetaminophen exposures using a predictive decision tree (DT) algorithm.
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Poison Data System (NPDS). All patients with RSTI acetaminophen exposure (n = 4,522) between January 2012 and December 2017 were included. Additionally, 4,522 randomly selected acute acetaminophen ingestion cases were included. After that, the DT machine learning algorithm was applied to differentiate acute acetaminophen exposure from supratherapeutic exposures.
    Results: The DT model had accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-scores of 0.75, respectively. Age was the most relevant variable in predicting the type of acetaminophen exposure, whether RSTI or acute. Serum aminotransferase concentrations, abdominal pain, drowsiness/lethargy, and nausea/vomiting were the other most important factors distinguishing between RST and acute acetaminophen exposure.
    Conclusion: DT models can potentially aid in distinguishing between acute and RSTI of acetaminophen. Further validation is needed to assess the clinical utility of this model.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Acetaminophen/adverse effects ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; Retrospective Studies ; Algorithms ; Decision Trees
    Chemical Substances Acetaminophen (362O9ITL9D) ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2046490-3
    ISSN 1472-6947 ; 1472-6947
    ISSN (online) 1472-6947
    ISSN 1472-6947
    DOI 10.1186/s12911-023-02188-2
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  10. Article ; Online: Differences in clinical and lab characteristics of sepsis between opium user patients and patients with no illicit drug addiction.

    Mehrpour, Omid / Alemzadeh, Effat / Ghasemi, Saeedeh / Farkhondeh, Tahereh / Ziaee, Masood

    Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. This study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of sepsis in patients addicted to illicit drugs versus patients with no illicit drug addiction.: Methods: In this ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. This study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of sepsis in patients addicted to illicit drugs versus patients with no illicit drug addiction.
    Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all patients hospitalized with sepsis diagnosis were recruited within six months from September to March 2019. Sixty patients for each group (illicit drug-addicted and non-addicted individuals) were selected. The data relating to illicit drug consumption, serum indices, the current focus of infection, duration of hospitalization, and disease outcomes were collected. Patients who had an illicit drug addiction were compared with non-addicted patients in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19).
    Results: The bacterial load in the urine culture was statistically significant in both groups and higher in the non-addicted group. The frequency distributions of focus of infection, duration of hospitalization, and outcome were not significantly different between the two groups. The serum sodium and total neutrophils were significantly higher in the addicted group. However, the MCHC level was significantly lower (p<0.05).
    Conclusion: Opium may have stimulated the immune system and reduced bacterial infection in septic patient users.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2215710-4
    ISSN 1875-6182 ; 1871-5257
    ISSN (online) 1875-6182
    ISSN 1871-5257
    DOI 10.2174/1871525721666230518101627
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