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  1. Article ; Online: A Case Report of a Migrated Pelvic Coil Causing Pulmonary Infarct in an Adult Female.

    Guerrero, Angel / Theophanous, Rebecca G

    Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine

    2020  Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 436–439

    Abstract: Introduction: It is possible but rare for a pelvic coil to migrate to the pulmonary vasculature, which can cause cardiac damage, arrhythmias, pulmonary infarct, and thrombophlebitis. The few cases reported typically do not describe removal of the coils, ...

    Abstract Introduction: It is possible but rare for a pelvic coil to migrate to the pulmonary vasculature, which can cause cardiac damage, arrhythmias, pulmonary infarct, and thrombophlebitis. The few cases reported typically do not describe removal of the coils, as patients were asymptomatic.
    Case report: A 39-year-old female with recent coil embolization of her left internal iliac and ovarian veins for pelvic congestion syndrome presented with one month of right-sided chest pain and dyspnea. Imaging revealed a migrated pelvic coil in the patient's right main pulmonary artery with pulmonary infarcts and a pleural effusion.
    Conclusion: Interventional radiology successfully removed the coil endovascularly, with significant symptom improvement. This prevented a more-invasive open surgical procedure and resolved symptoms without requiring long-term anticoagulation or monitoring.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2474-252X
    ISSN (online) 2474-252X
    DOI 10.5811/cpcem.2020.5.47463
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cardiopulmonary Emergencies in Older Adults.

    Theophanous, Rebecca / Huang, Wennie / Ragsdale, Luna

    Emergency medicine clinics of North America

    2021  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 323–338

    Abstract: Older adults are susceptible to serious illnesses, including atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in this age group and can cause complications such as ... ...

    Abstract Older adults are susceptible to serious illnesses, including atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in this age group and can cause complications such as thromboembolic events and stroke. Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of hospital admission and readmission in the older adult population. Older adults are at higher risk for pulmonary embolism because of age-related changes and comorbidities. Pneumonia is also prevalent and is one of the leading causes of death.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia/therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Embolism/therapy ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thrombotic Stroke/prevention & control ; Ultrasonography
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 605637-4
    ISSN 1558-0539 ; 0733-8627
    ISSN (online) 1558-0539
    ISSN 0733-8627
    DOI 10.1016/j.emc.2021.01.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis.

    Theophanous, Rebecca G / Chow, Vinca W / Convissar, David L / Haskins, Stephen C / Jones, Robert A / P Kalagara, Hari K / Bronshteyn, Yuriy S

    Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

    2023  , Issue 192

    Abstract: Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious vascular disorder that requires accurate and early diagnosis to prevent life-threatening sequelae. While whole leg compression ultrasound with color and spectral Doppler is commonly ... ...

    Abstract Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious vascular disorder that requires accurate and early diagnosis to prevent life-threatening sequelae. While whole leg compression ultrasound with color and spectral Doppler is commonly performed in radiology and vascular labs, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is becoming more common in the acute care setting. Providers appropriately trained in focused POCUS can perform a rapid bedside examination with high sensitivity and specificity in critically ill patients. This paper describes a simplified yet validated approach to POCUS by describing a three-zone protocol for lower extremity DVT POCUS image acquisition. The protocol explains the steps in obtaining vascular images at six compression points in the lower extremity. Beginning at the level of the proximal thigh and moving distally to the popliteal space, the protocol guides the user through each of the compression points in a stepwise manner: from the common femoral vein to the femoral and deep femoral vein bifurcation, and, finally, to the popliteal vein. Further, a visual aid is provided that may assist providers during real-time image acquisition. The goal in presenting this protocol is to help make proximal lower extremity DVT exams more accessible and efficient for POCUS users at the patient's bedside.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Femoral Vein ; Popliteal Vein/diagnostic imaging ; Lower Extremity/diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 2259946-0
    ISSN 1940-087X ; 1940-087X
    ISSN (online) 1940-087X
    ISSN 1940-087X
    DOI 10.3791/64601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Infant With Abdominal Fullness.

    Prendergast, Gregory J / Broder, Joshua S / Theophanous, Rebecca G / Peethumnongsin, Erica S

    Annals of emergency medicine

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 5, Page(s) e27–e28

    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Aorta, Thoracic/diagnostic imaging ; Aorta, Thoracic/pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology ; Teratoma/diagnostic imaging ; Teratoma/drug therapy ; Teratoma/pathology ; Testicular Hydrocele/pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging ; Vena Cava, Inferior/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 603080-4
    ISSN 1097-6760 ; 0196-0644
    ISSN (online) 1097-6760
    ISSN 0196-0644
    DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.11.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Duplicated or Ectopic Renal Collecting System in Two Adult Emergency Department Patients.

    Theophanous, Rebecca G / Limkakeng, Alexander T / Broder, Joshua S

    The Journal of emergency medicine

    2019  Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) e59–e61

    Abstract: Background: Duplicated renal collecting system is a urological anomaly often found in pediatric patients. It is less commonly diagnosed in adulthood, particularly in a pregnant patient. Many point-of-care ultrasonography users may not be aware of this ... ...

    Abstract Background: Duplicated renal collecting system is a urological anomaly often found in pediatric patients. It is less commonly diagnosed in adulthood, particularly in a pregnant patient. Many point-of-care ultrasonography users may not be aware of this diagnosis, particularly in patients in the emergency department. It is important to recognize the duplicated system because in general, patients will often have hydronephrosis in only one renal pole rather than the entire kidney, which corresponds to an unequal renal function as documented on renal nuclear medicine functional scans. As a consequence, if the sonographer only identifies one ureter and incompletely visualizes the kidney, obstruction of one of the duplicated structures may be missed.
    Case report: We report 2 cases of duplicated ureter in patients in the emergency department who present with flank pain and urinary symptoms. Both patients were adult females, one pregnant, with duplicated ureter and severe right upper pole hydroureteronephrosis. The first patient was admitted for intravenous antibiotic therapy for pyelonephritis in pregnancy. The second was discharged with oral antibiotics and urgent urologic follow-up. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Duplicated ureter should be considered in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections or enuresis. Point-of-care ultrasonography users should note the differential hydronephrosis between upper and lower renal poles and may visualize duplicate or ectopic ureteronephrosis or ureterocele. Patients should be prescribed prophylactic antibiotics and have urgent urologic follow-up because the untreated condition can lead to irreversible renal damage.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy ; Pyelonephritis/diagnostic imaging ; Pyelonephritis/drug therapy ; Pyelonephritis/microbiology ; Ureter/abnormalities ; Ureterocele/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Catheterization
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605559-x
    ISSN 0736-4679
    ISSN 0736-4679
    DOI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.10.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Oriented 3D Ultrasound for Central Venous Cannulation Using an Augmented 2D Ultrasound System.

    Broder, Joshua S / Morgan, Matthew R / Jaffa, Elias J / Theophanous, Rebecca G

    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

    2019  Volume 26, Issue 10, Page(s) 1173–1176

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1329813-6
    ISSN 1553-2712 ; 1069-6563
    ISSN (online) 1553-2712
    ISSN 1069-6563
    DOI 10.1111/acem.13831
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Robotic Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Imaging for Emergency Department Patients: A Pilot Study for Emergency Physicians' Diagnostic Performance.

    Song, Ailin / Roh, Kyung-Min / Lusk, Jay B / Valikodath, Nita G / Lad, Eleonora M / Draelos, Mark / Ortiz, Pablo / Theophanous, Rebecca G / Limkakeng, Alexander T / Izatt, Joseph A / McNabb, Ryan P / Kuo, Anthony N

    Annals of emergency medicine

    2023  Volume 81, Issue 4, Page(s) 501–508

    Abstract: Study objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of emergency physicians' interpretation of robotically acquired retinal optical coherence tomography images for detecting posterior eye abnormalities in patients seen in the emergency department ( ... ...

    Abstract Study objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of emergency physicians' interpretation of robotically acquired retinal optical coherence tomography images for detecting posterior eye abnormalities in patients seen in the emergency department (ED).
    Methods: Adult patients presenting to Duke University Hospital emergency department from November 2020 through October 2021 with acute visual changes, headache, or focal neurologic deficit(s) who received an ophthalmology consultation were enrolled in this pilot study. Emergency physicians provided standard clinical care, including direct ophthalmoscopy, at their discretion. Retinal optical coherence tomography images of these patients were obtained with a robotic, semi-autonomous optical coherence tomography system. We compared the detection of abnormalities in optical coherence tomography images by emergency physicians with a reference standard, a combination of ophthalmology consultation diagnosis and retina specialist optical coherence tomography review.
    Results: Nine emergency physicians reviewed the optical coherence tomography images of 72 eyes from 38 patients. Based on the reference standard, 33 (46%) eyes were normal, 16 (22%) had at least 1 urgent/emergency abnormality, and the remaining 23 (32%) had at least 1 nonurgent abnormality. Emergency physicians' optical coherence tomography interpretation had 69% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49% to 89%) sensitivity for any abnormality, 100% (95% CI, 79% to 100%) sensitivity for urgent/emergency abnormalities, 48% (95% CI, 28% to 68%) sensitivity for nonurgent abnormalities, and 64% (95% CI, 44% to 84%) overall specificity. In contrast, emergency physicians providing standard clinical care did not detect any abnormality with direct ophthalmoscopy.
    Conclusion: Robotic, semi-autonomous optical coherence tomography enabled ocular imaging of emergency department patients with a broad range of posterior eye abnormalities. In addition, emergency provider optical coherence tomography interpretation was more sensitive than direct ophthalmoscopy for any abnormalities, urgent/emergency abnormalities, and nonurgent abnormalities in this pilot study with a small sample of patients and emergency physicians.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Pilot Projects ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Retina/diagnostic imaging ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Eye Abnormalities ; Physicians
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603080-4
    ISSN 1097-6760 ; 0196-0644
    ISSN (online) 1097-6760
    ISSN 0196-0644
    DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.10.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Current Use, Training, and Barriers of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Anesthesiology: A National Survey of Veterans Affairs Hospitals.

    Remskar, Mojca H / Theophanous, Rebecca / Bowman, Amber / Simonson, Lindsey E / Koehler, Jessica / Basrai, Zahir / Manohar, Crystal M / Mader, Michael J / Nathanson, Robert / Soni, Nilam J

    Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 8, Page(s) 1390–1396

    Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine current use, training needs, and barriers to point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use among anesthesiologists in practice.: Design: Multicenter, prospective, observational study.: Setting: ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine current use, training needs, and barriers to point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use among anesthesiologists in practice.
    Design: Multicenter, prospective, observational study.
    Setting: Anesthesiology departments in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in the United States.
    Participants: Chiefs of staff and chiefs of anesthesiology departments.
    Interventions: A web-based survey was conducted between June 2019 and March 2020. Chiefs of staff answered questions about facility-level POCUS use, training, competency, and policies. Anesthesiology chiefs responded to a follow-up survey with specialty-specific POCUS questions. The results of the 2020 survey were compared with a similar survey conducted by the authors' group in 2015.
    Measurements and main results: All chiefs of staff (n = 130) and 77% of anesthesiology chiefs (n = 96) completed the survey. The most common POCUS applications used were central and peripheral vascular access (69%-72%), peripheral nerve blocks (66%), and evaluation of cardiac function (29%-31%). Compared with 2015, there was a statistically significant increase in desire for training (p = 0.00015), but no significant change in POCUS use (p = 0.31). Training was most desired for volume-status assessment (52%), left ventricular function (47%), pneumothorax (47%), central line placement (40%), peripheral nerve blocks (40%), and pleural effusion (40%). The most common barriers to POCUS use were lack of funding for training (35%), trained providers (33%), and training opportunities (28%).
    Conclusions: A significant increase in desire for POCUS training was seen among anesthesiologists practicing in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system since 2015, and lack of training continues to be a top barrier for POCUS use among anesthesiologists.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; Anesthesiology/education ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Prospective Studies ; Veterans ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Internship and Residency ; Hospitals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1067317-9
    ISSN 1532-8422 ; 1053-0770
    ISSN (online) 1532-8422
    ISSN 1053-0770
    DOI 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.03.042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Accuracy and Feasibility of Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Testing in Eye Clinic and Emergency Department Patients with Vision Complaints.

    Theophanous, Rebecca G / Gordee, Alexander / Peethumnongsin, Erica / Huang, Wennie / Gurysh, Kevin / Coco, Matthew / Campos, Santiago Cantillo / Ruderman, Brandon / Kuchibhatla, Maragatha / Broder, Joshua

    The Journal of emergency medicine

    2023  Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) 197–210

    Abstract: Background: Ocular emergencies comprise 2-3% of emergency department (ED) visits, with retinal detachment requiring emergency surgery. Two-dimensional ultrasound is a rapid bedside tool but is highly operator dependent.: Objective: We determined ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ocular emergencies comprise 2-3% of emergency department (ED) visits, with retinal detachment requiring emergency surgery. Two-dimensional ultrasound is a rapid bedside tool but is highly operator dependent.
    Objective: We determined three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) feasibility, acceptability, and usability in eye pathology detection using the ophthalmologist examination as reference standard.
    Methods: We performed a prospective, blinded cohort study of a 3DUS-enabling device in 30 eye clinic and ED patients with visual symptoms and calculated 3DUS performance characteristics. Two expert readers interpreted the 3DUS images for pathology. All participants completed surveys.
    Results: 3DUS sensitivity was 0.81, specificity 0.73, positive predictive value 0.54, negative predictive value 0.91, and likelihood ratio (LR)+/LR- 3.03 and 0.26, respectively. Novice and expert sonographers had "substantial" agreement in correct diagnosis of abnormal vs. normal (κ = 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.88). Most patients indicated that 3DUS is fast, comfortable, helps them understand their problem, and improves provider interaction/care, and all sonographers agreed; 4/5 sonographers felt confident performing ultrasound. Expert readers correctly identified an abnormal eye in 83/120 scans (76%) and correct diagnosis in 72/120 scans (65%), with no statistical difference between novice (79%; 69%) and expert (72%; 61%) sonographers (p = 0.39, p = 0.55), suggesting reduced operator dependence. Reader diagnosis confidence and image quality varied widely. Image acquisition times were fast for novice (mean 225 ± 83 s) and expert (201 ± 51) sonographers, with fast expert reader interpretation times (225 ± 136).
    Conclusions: A 3DUS-enabling device demonstrates a sensitivity of 0.81 and specificity of 0.73 for disease detection, fast image acquisition, and may reduce operator dependence for detecting emergent retinal pathologies. Further technological development is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy in identifying and characterizing retinal pathology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Feasibility Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Emergency Service, Hospital
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605559-x
    ISSN 0736-4679
    ISSN 0736-4679
    DOI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2023.10.032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Impact of Education and Data Feedback on Antibiotic Prescribing for Urinary Tract Infections in the Emergency Department: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.

    Nys, Cara L / Fischer, Kristen / Funaro, Jason / Shoff, Christopher J / Theophanous, Rebecca G / Staton, Catherine A / Mando-Vandrick, Jennifer / Toler, Rachel / Shroba, Jenny / Turner, Nicholas A / Liu, Beiyu / Lee, Hui Jie / Moehring, Rebekah W / Wrenn, Rebekah H

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2022  Volume 75, Issue 7, Page(s) 1194–1200

    Abstract: Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often misdiagnosed or treated with exceedingly broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to negative downstream effects. We aimed to implement antimicrobial stewardship (AS) strategies targeting UTI prescribing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often misdiagnosed or treated with exceedingly broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to negative downstream effects. We aimed to implement antimicrobial stewardship (AS) strategies targeting UTI prescribing in the emergency department (ED).
    Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental prospective AS intervention outlining appropriate UTI diagnosis and management across 3 EDs, within an academic and 2 community hospitals, in North Carolina, United States. The study was divided into 3 phases: a baseline period and 2 intervention phases. Phase 1 included introduction of an ED-specific urine antibiogram and UTI guideline, education, and department-specific feedback on UTI diagnosis and antibiotic prescribing. Phase 2 included re-education and provider-specific feedback. Eligible patients included adults with an antibiotic prescription for UTI diagnosed in the ED from 13 November 2018 to 1 March 2021. Admitted patients were excluded. The primary outcome was guideline-concordant antibiotic use, assessed using an interrupted time-series regression analysis with 2-week intervals.
    Results: Overall, 8742 distinct patients with 10 426 patient encounters were included. Ninety-two percent of all encounters (n = 9583) were diagnosed with cystitis and 8.1% with pyelonephritis (n = 843). There was an initial 15% increase in guideline-concordant antibiotic prescribing in phase 1 compared with the preintervention period (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.29). A significant increase in guideline-concordant prescriptions was seen with every 2-week interval during phase 2 (IRR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04).
    Conclusions: This multifaceted AS intervention involving a guideline, education, and provider-specific feedback increased guideline-concordant antibiotic choices for treat-and-release patients in the ED.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Feedback ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciac073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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