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  1. Article ; Online: Kidney transplants from elderly donors: what we have learned 20 years after the Crystal City consensus criteria meeting.

    Mella, Alberto / Calvetti, Ruggero / Barreca, Antonella / Congiu, Giovanni / Biancone, Luigi

    Journal of nephrology

    2024  

    Abstract: Based on the current projection of the general population and the combined increase in end-stage kidney disease with age, the number of elderly donors and recipients is increasing, raising crucial questions about how to minimize the discard rate of ... ...

    Abstract Based on the current projection of the general population and the combined increase in end-stage kidney disease with age, the number of elderly donors and recipients is increasing, raising crucial questions about how to minimize the discard rate of organs from elderly donors and improve graft and patient outcomes. In 2002, extended criteria donors were the focus of a meeting in Crystal City (VA, USA), with a goal of maximizing the use of organs from deceased donors. Since then, extended criteria donors have progressively contributed to a large number of transplanted grafts worldwide, posing specific issues for allocation systems, recipient management, and therapeutic approaches. This review analyzes what we have learned in the last 20 years about extended criteria donor utilization, the promising innovations in immunosuppressive management, and the molecular pathways involved in the aging process, which constitute potential targets for novel therapies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-06
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1093991-x
    ISSN 1724-6059 ; 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    ISSN (online) 1724-6059
    ISSN 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    DOI 10.1007/s40620-024-01888-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: CytoSorb® in burn patients with septic shock and Acute Kidney Injury on Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy is associated with improved clinical outcome and survival.

    Mariano, Filippo / Greco', Domenico / Depetris, Nadia / Mella, Alberto / Sciarrillo, Alberto / Stella, Maurizio / Berardino, Maurizio / Risso, Daniela / Gambino, Roberto / Biancone, Luigi

    Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: In burn patients, septic shock and acute kidney injury (AKI) with use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) severely increase morbidity and mortality. Sorbent therapies could be an adjunctive therapy to address the underlying ... ...

    Abstract Background: In burn patients, septic shock and acute kidney injury (AKI) with use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) severely increase morbidity and mortality. Sorbent therapies could be an adjunctive therapy to address the underlying metabolic changes in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines dysregulated production.
    Methods: A retrospectively observational study of 35 severe burn patients admitted to the Burn Center (Turin, Italy, from January 2017 to December 2022), who underwent CRRT for AKI-associated septic shock. Out of 35 patients, 11 were treated with CytoSorb® as adjunctive therapy to CRRT (Sorbent group) and 24 patients only with CRRT (Control group).
    Results: The application of CytoSorb® took place in a very dispersed way. Out of 11 patients, 7 started the CRRT together with the sorbent application. The patients of the sorbent group exhibited a significant reduction in norepinephrine use compared to that of the control group. A clinical improvement over the first 4 days of Cytosorb® was observed in both survivors and no survivors of the sorbent group, with significant norepinephrine decreased use on day 4 compared to day 1. In-hospital mortality was 45.4% and 70.8% in the sorbent and control group, respectively, and significantly better at Kaplan-Meier survival analysis at 270 days (p = 0.0445). In both groups, all survivor patients recovered renal function at discharge, whereas no survivors did not.
    Conclusions: Adjunctive treatment with CytoSorb® for burn patients with AKI-CRRT and septic shock poorly responsive to standard therapy led to a significant clinical improvement, and was associated with a lower mortality rate compared to CRRT alone.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197308-3
    ISSN 1879-1409 ; 0305-4179
    ISSN (online) 1879-1409
    ISSN 0305-4179
    DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2024.02.028
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  3. Article: Safety and Metabolic Tolerance of Citrate Anticoagulation in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring an Early Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy.

    Mariano, Filippo / Mella, Alberto / Randone, Paolo / Agostini, Fulvio / Bergamo, Daniela / Berardino, Maurizio / Biancone, Luigi

    Biomedicines

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: For severe polytrauma patients with an early AKI requiring renal replacement therapy, anticoagulation remains a great challenge. Due to a high bleeding risk, hemodynamic instability, and increased lactate levels, continuous modality (CKRT) and citrate ... ...

    Abstract For severe polytrauma patients with an early AKI requiring renal replacement therapy, anticoagulation remains a great challenge. Due to a high bleeding risk, hemodynamic instability, and increased lactate levels, continuous modality (CKRT) and citrate anticoagulation seem to be the most appropriate. However, their safety with regard to the potential risk of impaired citrate metabolism is not documented. A retrospective study of 60 severe polytrauma patients admitted to the emergency department between January 2000 and December 2021 was conducted; the patients requiring CKRT during the first 72 h were treated with citrate (n. 46, group Citrate) or with heparin (n. 14, group Heparin). Out of 60 patients, 31 survived (51.7%). According to logistic regression analysis, age and SOFA score were significant predictors of mortality. The incidence of rhabdomyolysis was more common in the survivors (77.4 vs. 51.7%), and Kaplan-Meyer analysis showed a better trend towards survival at 90 days for the group Citrate than the group Heparin (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines11092570
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  4. Article ; Online: Acute Transient Hyperglycemia After Steroid Induction at Transplant Strongly Predicts New-Onset Diabetes and Recurrence of Diabetic Nephropathy.

    Zizzi, Carlotta Federica / Dolla, Caterina / Fop, Fabrizio / Mella, Alberto / Sandrone, Michela / Ghigo, Ezio / Bertaina, Silvana / Broglio, Fabio / Gallo, Ester / Barreca, Antonella / Beccuti, Guglielmo / Veglio, Franco / Milan, Alberto / Lavacca, Antonio / Giraudi, Roberta / Biancone, Luigi

    Kidney international reports

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 707–711

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0249
    ISSN (online) 2468-0249
    DOI 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.12.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Clearance of NT-proBNP and Procalcitonin during Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis with the Medium Cutoff Filter in Patients with Rhabdomyolysis-Associated Early Acute Kidney Injury.

    Mariano, Filippo / Mella, Alberto / Rumbolo, Francesca / Holló, Zsuzsanna / Bergamo, Daniela / Congiu, Giovanni / Mengozzi, Giulio / Berardino, Maurizio / Stella, Maurizio / Biancone, Luigi

    Blood purification

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 446–454

    Abstract: Introduction: In polytrauma patients with AKI continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) with medium cutoff membrane filters is commonly adopted to increase the removal of both myoglobin and inflammatory mediators, but its impact on increasing molecular ...

    Abstract Introduction: In polytrauma patients with AKI continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) with medium cutoff membrane filters is commonly adopted to increase the removal of both myoglobin and inflammatory mediators, but its impact on increasing molecular weight markers of inflammation and cardiac damage is debated.
    Methods: Twelve critically ill patients with rhabdomyolysis (4 burns and 8 polytrauma patients) and early AKI requiring CVVHD with EMIc2 filter were tested for 72 h on serum and effluent levels for NT-proBNP, procalcitonin (PCT), myoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha1-glycoprotein, albumin, and total protein.
    Results: The sieving coefficients (SCs) for proBNP and myoglobin were as higher as 0.5 at the start, decreased to 0.3 at the 2nd h, and then slowly declined to the final value of 0.25 and 0.20 at the 72nd h, respectively. PCT showed a negligible SC at the 1st h, a peak of 0.4 at the 12th h, and a final value of 0.3. SCs for albumin, alpha1-glycoprotein, and total protein were negligible. A similar trend was observed for the clearances (17-25 mL/min for proBNP and myoglobin; 12 mL/for PCT; <2 mL/min for albumin, alpha1-glycoprotein, and total protein). No correlation was found between systemic determinations and filter clearances of proBNP, PCT, and myoglobin. Net fluid loss/hour during CVVHD positively correlated with systemic myoglobin for all patients and NT-proBNP in the burn patients.
    Conclusion: CVVHD with EMiC2 filter showed low clearances for NT-proBNP and procalcitonin. CVVHD did not significantly affect the serum levels of these biomarkers, which could be adopted in the clinical management of early CVVHD patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Procalcitonin ; Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy ; Myoglobin ; Rhabdomyolysis/complications ; Rhabdomyolysis/therapy ; Biomarkers ; Acute Kidney Injury/etiology ; Acute Kidney Injury/therapy ; Albumins ; Multiple Trauma ; Glycoproteins
    Chemical Substances Procalcitonin ; pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76) ; Myoglobin ; Biomarkers ; Albumins ; Glycoproteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605548-5
    ISSN 1421-9735 ; 0253-5068
    ISSN (online) 1421-9735
    ISSN 0253-5068
    DOI 10.1159/000528861
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Furosemide as a functional marker of acute kidney injury in ICU patients: a new role for an old drug.

    Mariano, Filippo / Mella, Alberto / Vincenti, Marco / Biancone, Luigi

    Journal of nephrology

    2019  Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) 883–893

    Abstract: New pharmacokinetics insight suggests that the furosemide pharmacology occurring in ICU patients with AKI is similar, but not equal to that described in chronic stable renal patients. Even if the diuretic response to furosemide is expressed by a steep ... ...

    Abstract New pharmacokinetics insight suggests that the furosemide pharmacology occurring in ICU patients with AKI is similar, but not equal to that described in chronic stable renal patients. Even if the diuretic response to furosemide is expressed by a steep dose-response curve positively correlated with renal function, pharmacodynamic limitations occur when creatinine clearance is < 20 ml/min or urine output is < 500 ml/12 h. In such cases, other factors specifically due to acute tubular injury can interfere with the furosemide-induced diuretic output. As modality of administration recent reports and metanalysis, even if not conclusive, suggest that for the same given dose a continuous infusion of furosemide was superior in diuretic response. For septic shock patients on CVVHDF where treatment adds an additional clearance of furosemide the maximum diuretic response is achieved by a continuous infusion of 20 mg/h of furosemide. At this infusion rate the reached plasma level was < 20 mg/L, a range considered safe and not ototoxic. Therefore, the severity of AKI establishes whether a patient will respond to furosemide. In this review we summarized all these recent updates, also suggesting that the diuretic response under continuous infusion may allow assessing glomerular and tubular functions with increased reliability than a bolus dose. However, validation studies are still needed to support continuous infusion as a stress test.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Kidney Injury/drug therapy ; Acute Kidney Injury/metabolism ; Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology ; Biomarkers/blood ; Creatinine/blood ; Diuretics/administration & dosage ; Diuretics/pharmacokinetics ; Furosemide/administration & dosage ; Furosemide/pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Intensive Care Units
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Diuretics ; Furosemide (7LXU5N7ZO5) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-14
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1093991-x
    ISSN 1724-6059 ; 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    ISSN (online) 1724-6059
    ISSN 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    DOI 10.1007/s40620-019-00614-1
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  7. Article ; Online: Nephrotoxicity in advanced thyroid cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: An update.

    Nervo, Alice / Retta, Francesca / Ragni, Alberto / Piovesan, Alessandro / Mella, Alberto / Biancone, Luigi / Manganaro, Marco / Gallo, Marco / Arvat, Emanuela

    Critical reviews in oncology/hematology

    2021  Volume 168, Page(s) 103533

    Abstract: Over the past decade, the prognosis of advanced thyroid cancer (TC) patients has dramatically improved thanks to the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Despite their effectiveness, these drugs are burdened with several side effects that ... ...

    Abstract Over the past decade, the prognosis of advanced thyroid cancer (TC) patients has dramatically improved thanks to the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Despite their effectiveness, these drugs are burdened with several side effects that can negatively affect quality of life and compromise therapy continuation. Among renal adverse events (RAEs), proteinuria is the most frequently reported in clinical trials and real-life experiences, especially during treatment with lenvatinib or cabozantinib. This peculiar toxicity is commonly associated with targeted therapies with anti-angiogenic activity, even if the mechanisms underlying its onset and progression are not entirely clear. RAEs should be early recognized and properly managed to avoid renal function worsening and life-threatening consequences. Aiming at providing a comprehensive summary that can help clinicians to identify and manage TKIs-related RAEs in TC patients, we reviewed the current evidence about this topic, from pathogenesis and potential risk factors to diagnosis and treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Quality of Life ; Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 605680-5
    ISSN 1879-0461 ; 0737-9587 ; 1040-8428
    ISSN (online) 1879-0461
    ISSN 0737-9587 ; 1040-8428
    DOI 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103533
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  8. Article: Relationship between Cytomegalovirus Viremia and Long-Term Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Different Donor Ages.

    Diena, Davide / Allesina, Anna / Fop, Fabrizio / Mella, Alberto / Cavallo, Rossana / Costa, Cristina / Dolla, Caterina / Gallo, Ester / De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe / Lavacca, Antonio / Giraudi, Roberta / Mariano, Filippo / Biancone, Luigi

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: Objectives: To explore the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) burden on the long-term post-transplant course in different donor ages, we evaluated the incidence and risk factors for CMV in our kidney-transplanted patients (KTs) with extensive adoption of expanded- ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To explore the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) burden on the long-term post-transplant course in different donor ages, we evaluated the incidence and risk factors for CMV in our kidney-transplanted patients (KTs) with extensive adoption of expanded-criteria donors (ECDs).
    Methods: Retrospective evaluation of 929 consecutive first KTs (49.5% receiving an organ from a donor ≥ 60 years) performed between 01-2003 and 12-2013. Overall survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves; cumulative incidence function was additionally analyzed to consider the potential role of death with a functioning graft as a competitive event with graft dysfunction and to avoid overestimation. Apart from regular DNAemia monitoring in all patients, prophylaxis was adopted in high-risk groups (D+/R- or recipients of anti-thymocyte globulin induction), with pre-emptive therapy in the remaining groups.
    Results: CMV incidence was 19.5% (4-34.9% according to serostatus combination: D-/R-, D-/R+, D+/R+, D+/R-). Donor and recipient age, recipient pre-transplant hypertension, DR antigen compatibility, cold ischemia time, and post-transplant early complications, including rejection, urologic and renal artery stenosis, and lower renal function and proteinuria ≥ 0.5 g/day at one year after KT were associated with CMV. CMV determined lower death-censored graft survival (DCGS) (
    Conclusions: In a large population with extensive ECD adoption, CMV viremia in the first year demonstrates its harmful effect with an independent role for graft loss and significant impact among R+ recipients and KTs with donors < 70 years.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11020458
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  9. Article ; Online: Non-adherence assessment to immunosuppressant therapy with a self-report questionnaire and intra-patient variability in renal transplantation: risk factors and clinical correlations.

    Mella, Alberto / Torazza, Maria C / Finocchietti, Daniela / Fop, Fabrizio / Allesina, Anna / Dolla, Caterina / Giraudi, Roberta / Biancone, Luigi

    Minerva urology and nephrology

    2021  Volume 75, Issue 1, Page(s) 92–98

    Abstract: Background: Non-adherence (NA) to immunosuppressive drugs is to date considered a crucial issue in kidney transplanted patients (KTRs), leading to de-novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (dnDSA) development, acute and chronic rejection, and at least ... ...

    Abstract Background: Non-adherence (NA) to immunosuppressive drugs is to date considered a crucial issue in kidney transplanted patients (KTRs), leading to de-novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (dnDSA) development, acute and chronic rejection, and at least graft loss. However, NA assessment is challenging, often leading to underestimation in real-life settings.
    Methods: NA evaluation in all KTRs referred to our post-transplantation clinic in the period between 01/01-15/07/2018 with self-report questionnaire combined to intra-patient variability (IPV) of the pivotal immunosuppressive drug (based on trough levels of tacrolimus/mTOR inhibitor).
    Results: Based on both questionnaire and IPV, 86 out of the 504 tested KTRs (17%) were classified as NA. Male gender (OR, 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 3.4), high educational level (OR for KTRs with a degree, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.0 to 3.1]), employment (OR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.2 to 3.3]), young age at transplantation (P=0.017), longer time on the waiting list and after transplantation (P=0.027 and 0.049 respectively) were all associated with NA. High IPV was mostly documented in KTRs treated with the twice-daily formulation of the immunosuppressive drug (OR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0 to 2.1]) and better associated with dnDSA appearance (OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.1 to 3.9]).
    Conclusions: NA is a significant problem, difficult to assess, and can lead to dnDSA development also in our population. Identifying risk factors for NA might be an underestimated tool to improve graft and patient outcome in KTRs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Self Report ; Graft Rejection/prevention & control ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Immunosuppressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-29
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3062840-4
    ISSN 2724-6442
    ISSN (online) 2724-6442
    DOI 10.23736/S2724-6051.21.04244-2
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  10. Article: Bacterial and Viral Infection and Sepsis in Kidney Transplanted Patients.

    Mella, Alberto / Mariano, Filippo / Dolla, Caterina / Gallo, Ester / Manzione, Ana Maria / Di Vico, Maria Cristina / Cavallo, Rossana / De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe / Costa, Cristina / Biancone, Luigi

    Biomedicines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 3

    Abstract: Kidney transplanted patients are a unique population with intrinsic susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections, mainly (but not exclusively) due to continuous immunosuppression. In this setting, infectious episodes remain among the most important ... ...

    Abstract Kidney transplanted patients are a unique population with intrinsic susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections, mainly (but not exclusively) due to continuous immunosuppression. In this setting, infectious episodes remain among the most important causes of death, with different risks according to the degree of immunosuppression, time after transplantation, type of infection, and patient conditions. Prevention, early diagnosis, and appropriate therapy are the goals of infective management, taking into account that some specific characteristics of transplanted patients may cause a delay (the absence of fever or inflammatory symptoms, the negativity of serological tests commonly adopted for the general population, or the atypical anatomical presentation depending on the surgical site and graft implantation). This review considers the recent available findings of the most common viral and bacterial infection in kidney transplanted patients and explores risk factors and outcomes in septic evolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines10030701
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