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Article: Cardiovascular disease: tomorrow is the reason for today's therapeutics. An interview with Jerome D. Chen.

Cohen, J D

1999 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 57–63; quiz 64

Abstract: ... at high risk. In this interview, Jerome D. Cohen, MD, explains why more aggressive use of these drug ...

Abstract	The prevalence and magnitude of cardiovascular disease in the United States make it the leading cause of mortality, far surpassing deaths from all cancers. More than 900,000 Americans die each year from cardiovascular causes, including stroke, hypertension, congestive heart failure, atherosclerosis, and congenital heart defects, according to American Heart Association estimates. Coronary heart disease alone accounts for 50% of all cardiovascular deaths. A host of agents designed to help manage cardiovascular disorders and related conditions (eg, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia) are available to physicians who treat patients at high risk. In this interview, Jerome D. Cohen, MD, explains why more aggressive use of these drug treatments today could significantly improve older patients' quality of life and reduce the risk of a disabling or fatal cardiovascular event in the next millennium.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	1999-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Interview
ZDB-ID	2188-x
ISSN	1936-5764 ; 0016-867X
ISSN (online)	1936-5764
ISSN	0016-867X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Bifidobacterium infantis

Nyangahu, Donald D / Happel, Anna-Ursula / Wendoh, Jerome / Kiravu, Agano / Wang, Yuli / Feng, Colin / Plumlee, Courtney / Cohen, Sara / Brown, Bryan P / Djukovic, Danijel / Ganief, Tariq / Gasper, Melanie / Raftery, Daniel / Blackburn, Jonathan M / Allbritton, Nancy L / Gray, Clive M / Paik, Jisun / Urdahl, Kevin B / Jaspan, Heather B

Science advances

2023 Volume 9, Issue 49, Page(s) eade1370

Abstract: Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can elicit good ... ...

Abstract	Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can elicit good T
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Infant ; Mice ; Animals ; Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis ; BCG Vaccine ; T-Lymphocytes ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Feces/microbiology
Chemical Substances	BCG Vaccine
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.ade1370
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Presence of risk factors associated with colectomy among patients with ulcerative colitis: a

Rubin, David T / Salese, Leonardo / Cohen, Mitchell / Kotze, Paulo G / Woolcott, John C / Su, Chinyu / Mundayat, Rajiv / Paulissen, Jerome / Torres, Joana / Long, Millie D

Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology

2023 Volume 16, Page(s) 17562848231189122

Abstract: Background: Tofacitinib is an oral small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC).: Objective: To assess colectomy incidence rates (IRs) and baseline characteristics for the presence of identified colectomy risk ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tofacitinib is an oral small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Objective: To assess colectomy incidence rates (IRs) and baseline characteristics for the presence of identified colectomy risk factors among patients in the tofacitinib OCTAVE UC clinical program. Design: This Methods: IRs [95% confidence interval (CI)] for colectomy were analyzed. Baseline risk factors based on clinical guidelines: aged <40 years at diagnosis, extensive colitis, severe endoscopic disease [Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) = 3], hospitalization for UC within 12 months, C-reactive protein (CRP) >3 mg/L, and serum albumin <3.5 g/dL. Baseline risk factors were evaluated in patients who underwent colectomy by study and summarized descriptively. Results: Over a maximum of 7.8 years of tofacitinib exposure, 14 patients underwent colectomy: 3/1139 (0.3%) in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 [tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily (BID): Conclusions: Among patients with moderate to severe UC receiving tofacitinib, colectomies were infrequent; all patients undergoing colectomy had prior TNFi failure, and most had multiple additional risk factors. This provides important information to discuss with patients and inform management decisions. Registration: NCT01465763; NCT01458951; NCT01458574; and NCT01470612.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2440710-0
ISSN	1756-2848 ; 1756-283X
ISSN (online)	1756-2848
ISSN	1756-283X
DOI	10.1177/17562848231189122
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Rationale for aggressive lipid lowering in high-risk patients.

Cohen, Jerome D

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association

2011 Volume 111, Issue 4 Suppl 3, Page(s) eS7–12

Abstract: According to current guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level for patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) or CHD risk ... ...

Abstract	According to current guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level for patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) or CHD risk equivalents is less than 100 mg/dL, with an optional target of less than 70 mg/dL. More recent data suggest, however, that the physiologically normal level of LDL-C and the level at which atherogenesis is initiated is much lower. Overall, the data convincingly demonstrate that LDL-C lowering is associated with a significant reduction in CHD events, regardless of preexisting CHD. The NCEP ATP III treatment guidelines, published in 2002 and updated in 2004, do not reflect more recent findings on intensive lipid-lowering therapy, which are likely be addressed in the NCEP ATP IV guidelines, scheduled to be released in 2011. Drug options for LDL-C lowering include statins (the drug of choice), bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, fibrates, and selective cholesterol absorption inhibitors.
MeSH term(s)	Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use ; Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/drug effects ; Coronary Artery Disease/blood ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy ; Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control ; Goals ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Hyperlipidemias/drug therapy ; Hyperlipidemias/prevention & control ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Primary Prevention ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; United States
Chemical Substances	Anticholesteremic Agents ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	410350-6
ISSN	1945-1997 ; 0003-0287 ; 0098-6151
ISSN (online)	1945-1997
ISSN	0003-0287 ; 0098-6151
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book: Practical flexible sigmoidoscopy

Cohen, Lawrence B. / Basuk, Paul M. / Waye, Jerome D.

1995

Author's details	Lawrence B. Cohen ; Paul M. Basuk ; Jerome D. Waye
Keywords	Sigmoidoscopy / methods ; Colonic Diseases / diagnosis ; Colon / pathology ; Rectum / pathology ; Rektosigmoidoskopie
Subject	Proktorektosigmoidoskopie
Language	English
Size	XII, 177 S. : zahlr. Ill.
Publisher	Igaku-Shoin
Publishing place	New York u.a.
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT006837345
ISBN	0-89640-272-X ; 4-260-14272-0 ; 978-0-89640-272-0 ; 978-4-260-14272-4
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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1996 A 175	order for loan	Magazin

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Article: Hypertension epidemiology and economic burden: refining risk assessment to lower costs.

Cohen, Jerome D

Managed care (Langhorne, Pa.)

2009 Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) 51–58

Abstract: Background: Hypertension (HTN) continues to be a serious public health problem in the United States and is a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and other serious cardiovascular and renal diseases. Because HTN can be ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hypertension (HTN) continues to be a serious public health problem in the United States and is a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and other serious cardiovascular and renal diseases. Because HTN can be asymptomatic, its detection and control continues to be a challenge. The total economic burden of HTN is estimated at $73.4 billion in 2009. Objective: To examine the potential prognostic utility of biomarkers to assess hypertension-related cardiovascular risk and their potential impact on treatment in the context of current epidemiology and demographics of HTN. Summary and conclusions: Although blood pressure control rates among people treated for HTN have increased from 51.3 percent to 63.9 percent over the past five years, there remains a vast unmet need for improved efficiency and effectiveness in diagnosis and treatment. Biomarkers provide a promising approach to improve detection and management of disease progression while optimizing health care expenditures.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers ; Comorbidity ; Cost Control ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/economics ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Male ; Risk Assessment ; United States/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2220044-7
ISSN	1062-3388
ISSN	1062-3388
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 6248: Show issues

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Article: Case study: pearls in hypertension pharmacotherapy.

Cohen, Jerome D

Journal of managed care pharmacy : JMCP

2007 Volume 13, Issue 5 Suppl, Page(s) S13–6

Abstract: Background: Research and therapy only has relevance when applied to an actual patient.: Objective: To review a case study of a patient with hypertension and diabetes.: Summary: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Research and therapy only has relevance when applied to an actual patient. Objective: To review a case study of a patient with hypertension and diabetes. Summary: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) of 2004 recommends that a diagnostic workup include an assessment of risk factors and comorbidities using history, physical exam, and laboratory parameters. The presence of comorbidities influences drug selection. Patient evaluation should also include identification of possible causes of hypertension, such as renal arterial stenosis, and an assessment for the presence of target organ damage. Treatment is always influenced by the presence or absence of comorbidities. Lifestyle modifications are crucial to enhancing the success of pharmacologic therapy and should be ongoing. If lifestyle modifications do not work, the clinician must consider drugs. Study data and JNC 7 recommend beta-blockers for hypertension in patients with compelling indications, e.g., high risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Conclusion: JNC 7 emphasizes that evaluation for hypertension includes the assessment for the presence of compelling indications, e.g., diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and high coronary risk. These comorbidities may inform and direct pharmacologic choices.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Contraindications ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Missouri
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2022394-8
ISSN	1944-706X ; 1083-4087
ISSN (online)	1944-706X
ISSN	1083-4087
DOI	10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.s5.13
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Overview of physiology, vascular biology, and mechanisms of hypertension.

Cohen, Jerome D

Journal of managed care pharmacy : JMCP

2007 Volume 13, Issue 5 Suppl, Page(s) S6–8

Abstract: Background: Our understanding of the process leading to hypertension is allowing us to adopt principles of therapy that may be more beneficial for patients.: Objective: To review the physiology, vasular biology, and mechanisms of hypertension.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Our understanding of the process leading to hypertension is allowing us to adopt principles of therapy that may be more beneficial for patients. Objective: To review the physiology, vasular biology, and mechanisms of hypertension. Summary: Hypertension, particularly in high-risk patients, is a result of loss of balance and the absence of the ability to vasodilate normally. The interaction between the endothelial cell and the smooth muscle cell is very important in this process. The endothelium is a group of cells that produce compounds that are important in regulating vascular homeostasis by elaborating factors such as angiotensin II, nitric oxide (NO), endothelin, and prostaglandins. Specifically, NO is found in endothelial cells responsible for smooth muscle relaxation. Gaseous NO diffuses across the endothelial cell and into the underlying smooth muscle cell, where it stimulates the pathway of guanylate cyclase to produce vasorelaxation. Normal endothelium maintains vascular tone and blood viscosity, prevents abnormal blood clotting and bleeding, limits inflammation of the vasculature, and suppresses smooth muscle cell proliferation. Abnormal endothelium causes increased inflammation and hypertrophy of the smooth muscle cells, promotes thrombosis and vasoconstriction, and creates a situation ripe for establishment and rapid growth of atherosclerotic plaques. Endothelial dysfunction also predicts poor outcome in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and may worsen insulin resistance, increase vascular reactivity, and encourage macrovascular disease. Conclusion: Understanding endothelial vasculature will be imperative as researchers develop newer compounds that may enhance NO formation within the vasculature.
MeSH term(s)	Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Insulin/metabolism ; Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antihypertensive Agents ; Insulin ; Vasodilator Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2022394-8
ISSN	1944-706X ; 1083-4087
ISSN (online)	1944-706X
ISSN	1083-4087
DOI	10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.s5.6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Managing hypertension: state of the science.

Cohen, Jerome D

Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)

2006 Volume 8, Issue 10 Suppl 3, Page(s) 5–11

Abstract: Hypertension management is both routine and a challenge. Updated guidelines emphasize the need to achieve increasingly stringent blood pressure goals to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; however, the blood pressure of many patients who have ... ...

Abstract	Hypertension management is both routine and a challenge. Updated guidelines emphasize the need to achieve increasingly stringent blood pressure goals to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; however, the blood pressure of many patients who have been diagnosed with hypertension is not well controlled. Treating prehypertension nonpharmacologically may preempt the progression to hypertension, whereas early and aggressive management of hypertension with antihypertensive agents reduces short- and long-term cardiovascular risk. Treatment decisions should follow current guidelines while evaluating recently published clinical studies. When choosing between agents from different therapeutic classes or combining agents, physicians should consider current and targeted blood pressure levels, the patient's demographic profile, the presence or absence of compelling cardiovascular and metabolic indications, other comorbidities, and concurrent medication(s).
MeSH term(s)	Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Humans ; Hypertension/diet therapy ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Organizations, Nonprofit ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; United States/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Antihypertensive Agents ; Hypolipidemic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2077222-1
ISSN	1751-7176 ; 1524-6175
ISSN (online)	1751-7176
ISSN	1524-6175
DOI	10.1111/j.1524-6175.2006.05923.x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 5723: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Bird's-Eye View of the Multiple Biochemical Mechanisms that Propel Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease: Recent Advances and Mechanistic Perspectives on How to Halt the Disease Progression Targeting Multiple Pathways.

Vegh, Caleb / Stokes, Kyle / Ma, Dennis / Wear, Darcy / Cohen, Jerome / Ray, Sidhartha D / Pandey, Siyaram

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

2019 Volume 69, Issue 3, Page(s) 631–649

Abstract: Neurons consume the highest amount of oxygen, depend on oxidative metabolism for energy, and survive for the lifetime of an individual. Therefore, neurons are vulnerable to death caused by oxidative-stress, accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional ... ...

Abstract	Neurons consume the highest amount of oxygen, depend on oxidative metabolism for energy, and survive for the lifetime of an individual. Therefore, neurons are vulnerable to death caused by oxidative-stress, accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional proteins and organelles. There is an exponential increase in the number of patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD) as the number of elderly increases exponentially. Development of AD pathology is a complex phenomenon characterized by neuronal death, accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, and most importantly loss of memory and cognition. These pathologies are most likely caused by mechanisms including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction/stress, accumulation of misfolded proteins, and defective organelles due to impaired proteasome and autophagy mechanisms. Currently, there are no effective treatments to halt the progression of this disease. In order to treat this complex disease with multiple biochemical pathways involved, a complex treatment regimen targeting different mechanisms should be investigated. Furthermore, as AD is a progressive disease-causing morbidity over many years, any chemo-modulator for treatment must be used over long period of time. Therefore, treatments must be safe and non-interfering with other processes. Ideally, a treatment like medicinal food or a supplement that can be taken regularly without any side effect capable of reducing oxidative stress, stabilizing mitochondria, activating autophagy or proteasome, and increasing energy levels of neurons would be the best solution. This review summarizes progress in research on different mechanisms of AD development and some of the potential therapeutic development strategies targeting the aforementioned pathologies.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Animals ; Autophagy ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1440127-7
ISSN	1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
ISSN (online)	1875-8908
ISSN	1387-2877
DOI	10.3233/JAD-181230
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