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  1. Article: Causes of Hypoxemia in COVID-19.

    Donina, Zh A

    Journal of evolutionary biochemistry and physiology

    2022  Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 73–80

    Abstract: The global pandemic of a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed challenges to public health specialists around the world associated with diagnosis, intensive study of epidemiological and clinical features of the coronavirus infection, development ... ...

    Abstract The global pandemic of a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed challenges to public health specialists around the world associated with diagnosis, intensive study of epidemiological and clinical features of the coronavirus infection, development of preventive approaches, therapeutic strategies and rehabilitation measures. However, despite the successes achieved in the study of COVID-19 pathogenesis, many aspects that aggravate the severity of the disease and cause high mortality of patients remain unclear. The main clinical manifestation of the new variant of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection is pneumonia with massive parenchymal lesions of lung tissue, diffuse alveolar damage, thrombotic manifestations, disruption of ventilation-perfusion relationships, etc. However, symptoms in patients hospitalized with COVID pneumonia show a broad diversity: the majority has minimal manifestations, others develop severe respiratory failure complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with rapidly progressing hypoxemia that leads to high mortality. Numerous clinical data publications report that some COVID pneumonia patients without subjective signs of severe respiratory failure (dyspnea, "air hunger") have an extremely low saturation level. As a result, there arises a paradoxical condition (called "silent hypoxia" or even "happy hypoxia") contradicting the very basics of physiology, as it essentially represents a severe life-incompatible hypoxemia which lacks respiratory discomfort. All this raises numerous questions among professionals and has already ignited a discussion in scientific publications concerned with the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Respiratory failure is a complex clinical problem, many aspects of which remain controversial. However, according to the majority of authors, one of the first objective indicators of the clinical sign of respiratory failure are hypoxemia-associated changes in external respiration. This review addresses some possible causes of hypoxemia in COVID-19.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 201501-8
    ISSN 1608-3202 ; 0022-0930
    ISSN (online) 1608-3202
    ISSN 0022-0930
    DOI 10.1134/S0022093022010070
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A Comparative Assessment of Effects of Major Mediators of Acute Phase Response (IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6) on Breathing Pattern and Survival Rate in Rats with Acute Progressive Hypoxia.

    Donina, Zh A / Baranova, E V / Aleksandrova, N P

    Journal of evolutionary biochemistry and physiology

    2021  Volume 57, Issue 4, Page(s) 936–944

    Abstract: A pressing issue of the day is the identification of therapeutic targets to suppress the "cytokine storm" in COVID-19 complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with concomitant hypoxemia. However, the key cytokine and its relative ... ...

    Abstract A pressing issue of the day is the identification of therapeutic targets to suppress the "cytokine storm" in COVID-19 complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with concomitant hypoxemia. However, the key cytokine and its relative contribution to the pathogenesis of ARDS, which leads to high mortality, are unknown. A comparative assessment of the effect of elevated systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-1α and IL-6 on the respiratory patterns and survival rate in rats was carried out under progressively increasing acute hypoxia. Increasing hypoxia was simulated by a rebreathing method (from normoxia to apnea). The recorded parameters were the breathing pattern components (tidal volume and respiratory rate), minute ventilation (MV), oxygen saturation, apnea onset time, and posthypoxic survival rate. A comparative analysis was carried out under mild, moderate and severe hypoxia (at F
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 201501-8
    ISSN 1608-3202 ; 0022-0930
    ISSN (online) 1608-3202
    ISSN 0022-0930
    DOI 10.1134/S0022093021040177
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: [Intersystem interaction of the respiration and blood circulation].

    Donina, Zh A

    Fiziologiia cheloveka

    2011  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 117–128

    Abstract: The review includes modern data about the functional interaction of respiratory and bloods circulatory systems in different conditions. The special attention is given to adaptive changes of respiratory and haemodynamic indices in extreme conditions. ... ...

    Abstract The review includes modern data about the functional interaction of respiratory and bloods circulatory systems in different conditions. The special attention is given to adaptive changes of respiratory and haemodynamic indices in extreme conditions. Based on the own researches physiological parallels between intersystem correlation of respiratory biomechanics and haemodynamics in the conditions of normal gravitation and weightlessness are drawn.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Blood Circulation/physiology ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Homeostasis/physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Posture/physiology ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena ; Weightlessness
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2011-03
    Publishing country Russia (Federation)
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 194077-6
    ISSN 0131-1646
    ISSN 0131-1646
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  4. Article: [EFFECTS OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE INTERLEUKIN-1P ON RESISTANCE TO ACUTE HYPOXIA].

    Donina, Zh A / Baranova, E V / Aleksandrova, N P

    Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova

    2018  Volume 102, Issue 11, Page(s) 1333–1342

    Abstract: Under a progressive growth of acute hypoxia the effect of high systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 Р (IL-1Р) were studied the reactions of the cardiorespiratory system of anesthetized Wistar rats. The results suggest a negative ... ...

    Abstract Under a progressive growth of acute hypoxia the effect of high systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 Р (IL-1Р) were studied the reactions of the cardiorespiratory system of anesthetized Wistar rats. The results suggest a negative effect of IL-1 Р on the control mechanisms the respiratory and cardiovascular system, which was reflected in the reduction of resistance to acute hypoxia and the ability to spontaneous autoresuscitation after apnea in posthypoxic period, as well as in the development of circulatory collapse. It is assumed that the basis of the resistance mechanisms of the body to reduce the hypoxic exposure is multifactorial effects of increased levels of IL-1 Р, activation of HIF-1 a and NO production in the operation of the systems responsible for maintaining oxygen homeostasis.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Animals ; Homeostasis/immunology ; Hypoxia/immunology ; Hypoxia/pathology ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/immunology ; Interleukin-1beta/immunology ; Nitric Oxide/immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Shock/immunology ; Shock/pathology ; Shock/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances Hif1a protein, rat ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; IL1B protein, rat ; Interleukin-1beta ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2018-08-16
    Publishing country Russia (Federation)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1401201-7
    ISSN 0869-8139
    ISSN 0869-8139
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: [ASSOCIATED RESPIRATORY AND HEMODYNAMICS RESPONSE TO ACUTE NORMOBARIC PROGRESSIVE HYPOXIA IN ANESTHETIZED RATS].

    Donina, Zh A / Baranova, E V / Aleksandrova, N P

    Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova

    2015  Volume 101, Issue 10, Page(s) 1169–1180

    Abstract: The interdependent reactions of the cardiorespiratory system during experimental simulation of progressive acute hypoxia were studied in anesthetized Wistar rats. The results indicate that the extremely low oxygen content in the inhaled gas mixture to ... ...

    Abstract The interdependent reactions of the cardiorespiratory system during experimental simulation of progressive acute hypoxia were studied in anesthetized Wistar rats. The results indicate that the extremely low oxygen content in the inhaled gas mixture to less than 6% lead to terminal sedation and apnea. After the cessation of hypoxic exposure were observed spontaneous autoresuscitation. Effects of progressive hypoxia, is an example of a multi-component interdependent reactions of the cardiorespiratory system, which are based on the respiratory and vasomotor center function disturbance and the predominance of parasympathetic influences on the heart. The obtained data can be used as a model of hypoxic apnea to examine the influence of physiologically active substances on the cardiorespiratory system at disease pathology.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Animals ; Apnea/chemically induced ; Apnea/physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart/physiopathology ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Oxygen/pharmacology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/drug effects ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Respiratory Rate/drug effects ; Respiratory System/drug effects ; Respiratory System/physiopathology ; Tidal Volume/drug effects ; Urethane ; Vasomotor System/drug effects ; Vasomotor System/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Urethane (3IN71E75Z5) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country Russia (Federation)
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1401201-7
    ISSN 0869-8139
    ISSN 0869-8139
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Intersystem relationships of respiration and hemodynamics in the initial period of postural effects.

    Donina, Zh A / Lavrova, I N / Baranov, V M

    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine

    2013  Volume 155, Issue 3, Page(s) 298–301

    Abstract: We studied the dependence of parameters of lung volumes and the elastic properties of the lungs on changes in the central hemodynamics occurring in the initial period of passive postural changes in cats. It was found that transition from the horizontal ... ...

    Abstract We studied the dependence of parameters of lung volumes and the elastic properties of the lungs on changes in the central hemodynamics occurring in the initial period of passive postural changes in cats. It was found that transition from the horizontal to head-up and head-down tilting was accompanied by opposite hemodynamic changes in the cranial and caudal parts of the body. Changes in lung compliance and functional residual capacity of the lungs were opposite and linearly depended on the intensity of hemodynamic shifts, which indicates passive character of the primary disorders primarily determined by a physical factor, gravity-dependent redistribution of body fluids.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cats ; Elasticity ; Functional Residual Capacity/physiology ; Gravitation ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Lung Compliance/physiology ; Lung Volume Measurements ; Models, Biological ; Posture/physiology ; Respiratory Mechanics/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390407-6
    ISSN 1573-8221 ; 0007-4888 ; 0365-9615
    ISSN (online) 1573-8221
    ISSN 0007-4888 ; 0365-9615
    DOI 10.1007/s10517-013-2137-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Transmural'noe davlenie v pravom predserdii pri dykhanii s postoiannym polozhitel'nym davleniem u koshek.

    Donina, Zh A

    Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova

    2002  Volume 88, Issue 9, Page(s) 1206–1211

    Abstract: The influence of continuous positive pressure breathing (cm H2O) on the breathing mechanics, central venous pressure, and transmural pressure in the right atrium, were studied in anaesthetised cats separately during inspiration and expiration. It's shown ...

    Title translation Transmural pressure in the right atrium during positive pressure respiration in cats.
    Abstract The influence of continuous positive pressure breathing (cm H2O) on the breathing mechanics, central venous pressure, and transmural pressure in the right atrium, were studied in anaesthetised cats separately during inspiration and expiration. It's shown that hemodynamics effects are directly connected with the influence of increased intrathoracic pressure during whole breathing cycles in contrast with the phase changes in natural expiration and inspiration. The inversion of relation of intrathoracic and central venous pressure due to displacement of the mechanical respiratory characteristics became the factors defining the fall of the right atrium filling pressure.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Atrial Function, Right/physiology ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cats ; Electrocardiography ; Plethysmography ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiratory Mechanics/physiology ; Vena Cava, Inferior/physiology
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2002-09
    Publishing country Russia (Federation)
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1401201-7
    ISSN 0869-8139
    ISSN 0869-8139
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  8. Article: The Mechanisms of Compensatory Responses of the Respiratory System to Simulated Central Hypervolemia in Normal Subjects.

    Segizbaeva, M O / Donina, Zh A / Aleksandrov, V G / Aleksandrova, N P

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2015  Volume 858, Page(s) 9–17

    Abstract: The compensatory responses of the respiratory system to simulated central hypervolemia (CHV) were investigated in 14 normal subjects. The central hypervolemia was caused by a short-time passive head-down tilt (HDT, -30°, 30 min). The results show that ... ...

    Abstract The compensatory responses of the respiratory system to simulated central hypervolemia (CHV) were investigated in 14 normal subjects. The central hypervolemia was caused by a short-time passive head-down tilt (HDT, -30°, 30 min). The results show that CHV increased the mechanical respiratory load and the airway resistance, slowed the inspiratory flow, increased the duration of the inspiratory phase, reduced the respiratory rate, but not changed the minute ventilation. CHV induced a significant rise in inspiratory swings of alveolar pressure (184%), based on the inspiratory occlusion pressure measurement. These changes indicate a compensatory increase in the inspiratory muscle contraction force. A stable level of minute ventilation during CHV was an effect of increased EMG activity of parasternal muscles more than twice (P<0.01). A contribution of the diaphragm and scalene muscles to ventilation during spontaneous breathing in HDT was reduced. An increase of genioglossus contractile activity during HDT contributed to the stabilization of airway patency. These results suggest that a coordinated modulation of inspiratory muscles activity allows preserving a constant level of minute ventilation during a short-time intrathoracic blood volume expansion. The mechanisms of respiratory load compensation seem to be mediated by afferent information from the lung and respiratory muscle receptors and from the segmentary reflexes and intrinsic properties of the muscle fibers.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Adult ; Airway Resistance/physiology ; Blood Volume/physiology ; Diaphragm/physiology ; Electromyography ; Female ; Head-Down Tilt/physiology ; Humans ; Inhalation/physiology ; Male ; Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Mechanics/physiology ; Respiratory Muscles/physiology ; Respiratory Rate/physiology ; Respiratory System
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/5584_2014_100
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Effects of inspiratory muscle training on resistance to fatigue of respiratory muscles during exhaustive exercise.

    Segizbaeva, M O / Timofeev, N N / Donina, Zh A / Kur'yanovich, E N / Aleksandrova, N P

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2015  Volume 840, Page(s) 35–43

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on resistance to fatigue of the diaphragm (D), parasternal (PS), sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and scalene (SC) muscles in healthy humans during exhaustive exercise. Daily ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on resistance to fatigue of the diaphragm (D), parasternal (PS), sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and scalene (SC) muscles in healthy humans during exhaustive exercise. Daily inspiratory muscle strength training was performed for 3 weeks in 10 male subjects (at a pressure threshold load of 60% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) for the first week, 70% of MIP for the second week, and 80% of MIP for the third week). Before and after training, subjects performed an incremental cycle test to exhaustion. Maximal inspiratory pressure and EMG-analysis served as indices of inspiratory muscle fatigue assessment. The before-to-after exercise decreases in MIP and centroid frequency (fc) of the EMG (D, PS, SCM, and SC) power spectrum (P<0.05) were observed in all subjects before the IMT intervention. Such changes were absent after the IMT. The study found that in healthy subjects, IMT results in significant increase in MIP (+18%), a delay of inspiratory muscle fatigue during exhaustive exercise, and a significant improvement in maximal work performance. We conclude that the IMT elicits resistance to the development of inspiratory muscles fatigue during high-intensity exercise.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Breathing Exercises/methods ; Electromyography ; Exercise/physiology ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Inhalation/physiology ; Male ; Muscle Fatigue/physiology ; Physical Endurance/physiology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Muscles/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/5584_2014_20
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  10. Article: Effects of body position on the ventilatory response to hypercapnia.

    Donina, Zh A / Danilova, G A / Aleksandrova, N P

    European journal of medical research

    2010  Volume 14 Suppl 4, Page(s) 63–66

    Abstract: Effect of posture on the hypercapnic ventilatory response was studied on the anaesthetized rats by using rebreathing techniques in the supine and head-down positions. There were no statistically significant alterations in tidal volume, frequency, minute ... ...

    Abstract Effect of posture on the hypercapnic ventilatory response was studied on the anaesthetized rats by using rebreathing techniques in the supine and head-down positions. There were no statistically significant alterations in tidal volume, frequency, minute ventilation, and P(ET)CO(2)between the head-down and supine positions during breathing at rest. However, the esophageal pressure inspiratory swings were significantly greater in the head-down compared with supine position. Moreover, we found that body position did not affect the hypercapnic ventilatory response, but did affect the relationship between inspiratory driving pressure and the increase of end tidal PCO(2). Greater inspiratory pressure is required to maintain the same level of the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in the horizontal position with the head-down. We believe that the discrepancy between postural alterations in the hypercapnic ventilatory and pressure responses is presumably a result of decreased lung compliance and increased airflow impedance of respiratory system in the head-down position.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Head-Down Tilt/physiology ; Hypercapnia/physiopathology ; Posture/physiology ; Rats ; Respiration ; Supine Position/physiology
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1329381-3
    ISSN 2047-783X ; 0949-2321
    ISSN (online) 2047-783X
    ISSN 0949-2321
    DOI 10.1186/2047-783x-14-s4-63
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