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Article ; Online: Whole-brain structural and functional neuroimaging of individuals who attempted suicide and people who did not: A systematic review and exploratory coordinate-based meta-analysis.

Meda, Nicola / Miola, Alessandro / Cattarinussi, Giulia / Sambataro, Fabio

European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

2024 Volume 79, Page(s) 66–77

Abstract: Suicide is the cause of death of approximately 800,000 people a year. Despite the relevance of this behaviour, risk assessment tools rely on clinician experience and subjective ratings. Given that previous suicide attempts are the single strongest ... ...

Abstract	Suicide is the cause of death of approximately 800,000 people a year. Despite the relevance of this behaviour, risk assessment tools rely on clinician experience and subjective ratings. Given that previous suicide attempts are the single strongest predictors of future attempts, we designed a systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analysis to demonstrate whether neuroimaging features can help distinguish individuals who attempted suicide from subjects who did not. Out of 5,659 publications from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, we summarised 102 experiments and meta-analysed 23 of them. A cluster in the right superior temporal gyrus, a region implicated in emotional processing, might be functionally hyperactive in individuals who attempted suicide. No statistically significant differences in brain morphometry were evidenced. Furthermore, we used JuSpace to show that this cluster is enriched in 5-HT
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Suicide, Attempted/psychology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Emotions ; Functional Neuroimaging ; Neuroimaging ; Suicidal Ideation
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1082947-7
ISSN	1873-7862 ; 0924-977X
ISSN (online)	1873-7862
ISSN	0924-977X
DOI	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.10.003
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Article ; Online: The functional connectivity of the right superior temporal gyrus is associated with psychological risk and resilience factors for suicidality.

Cattarinussi, Giulia / Meda, Nicola / Miola, Alessandro / Sambataro, Fabio

Journal of affective disorders

2024 Volume 357, Page(s) 51–59

Abstract: Introduction: Suicide attempters show increased activation in the right superior temporal gyrus (rSTG). Here, we investigated the rSTG functional connectivity (FC) to identify a functional network involved in suicidality and its associations with ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Suicide attempters show increased activation in the right superior temporal gyrus (rSTG). Here, we investigated the rSTG functional connectivity (FC) to identify a functional network involved in suicidality and its associations with psychological suicidality risk and resilience factors. Methods: The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 151 healthy individuals from the Human Connectome Project Young Adult database were used to explore the FC of the rSTG with itself and with the rest of the brain. The correlation between the rSTG FC and loneliness and purpose in life scores was assessed with the NIH Toolbox. The effect of sex was also investigated. Results: The rSTG had a positive FC with bilateral cortical and subcortical regions, including frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, limbic, and cerebellar regions, and a negative FC with the medulla oblongata. The FC of the rSTG with itself and with the left central operculum were associated with loneliness scores. The within rSTG FC was also negatively correlated with purpose in life scores, although at a trend level. We did not find any effect of sex on FC and its associations with psychological factors. Limitations: The cross-sectional design, the limited age range, and the lack of measures of suicidality limit the generalizability of our findings. Conclusions: The rSTG functional network is associated with loneliness and purpose in life. Together with the existing literature on suicide, this supports the idea that the neural activity of rSTG may contribute to suicidality by modulating risk and resilience factors associated with suicidality.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	135449-8
ISSN	1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
ISSN (online)	1573-2517
ISSN	0165-0327
DOI	10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.048
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Article ; Online: Structural and functional features of treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and exploratory coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.

Miola, Alessandro / Meda, Nicola / Perini, Giulia / Sambataro, Fabio

Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences

2023 Volume 77, Issue 5, Page(s) 252–263

Abstract: Objectives: A third of people suffering from major depressive disorder do not experience a significant improvement in their symptoms even after adequate treatment with two different antidepressant medications. This common condition, termed treatment- ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: A third of people suffering from major depressive disorder do not experience a significant improvement in their symptoms even after adequate treatment with two different antidepressant medications. This common condition, termed treatment-resistant depression (TRD), severely affects the quality of life of millions of people worldwide, causing long-lasting interpersonal problems and social costs. Given its epidemiological and clinical relevance and the little consensus on whether the neurobiological underpinnings of TRD differ from treatment-sensitive depression (TSD), we sought to highlight the convergent morphometric and functional neuroimaging correlates of TRD. Methods: We systematically reviewed the published literature on structural and resting-state functional neuroimaging of TRD compared to TSD and healthy controls (HC) and performed exploratory coordinate-based meta-analyses (CBMA) of significant results separately for each modality and multimodally ("all-effects"). CBMAs were also performed for each direction and combining both directions of group contrasts. Results: Out of the initial 1929 studies, only eight involving 555 participants (189 patients with TRD, 156 with TSD, and 210 HC) were included. In all-effects CBMA, precentral/superior frontal gyrus showed a significant difference between TRD and HC. Functional and structural imaging meta-analyses did not yield statistically significant results. A marginally significant cluster of altered intrinsic activity was found between TRD and HC in the cerebellum/pons. Conclusions: Frontal, cerebellar, and brainstem functions can be involved in the pathophysiology of TRD. However, the design and heterogeneity of the (scarce) published literature hinder the generalizability of the findings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Depression/therapy ; Quality of Life ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neuroimaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-03
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1292906-2
ISSN	1440-1819 ; 1323-1316
ISSN (online)	1440-1819
ISSN	1323-1316
DOI	10.1111/pcn.13530
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Article ; Online: Frequency and machine learning predictors of severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among university students.

Meda, Nicola / Pardini, Susanna / Rigobello, Paolo / Visioli, Francesco / Novara, Caterina

Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences

2023 Volume 32, Page(s) e42

Abstract: Aims: Prospective studies on the mental health of university students highlighted a major concern. Specifically, young adults in academia are affected by markedly worse mental health status than their peers or adults in other vocations. This situation ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Prospective studies on the mental health of university students highlighted a major concern. Specifically, young adults in academia are affected by markedly worse mental health status than their peers or adults in other vocations. This situation predisposes to exacerbated disability-adjusted life-years. Methods: We enroled 1,388 students at the baseline, 557 of whom completed follow-up after 6 months, incorporating their demographic information and self-report questionnaires on depressive, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. We applied multiple regression modelling to determine associations - at baseline - between demographic factors and self-reported mental health measures and supervised machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of poorer mental health at follow-up, by leveraging the demographic and clinical information collected at baseline. Results: Approximately one out of five students reported severe depressive symptoms and/or suicidal ideation. An association of economic worry with depression was evidenced both at baseline (when high-frequency worry odds ratio = 3.11 [1.88-5.15]) and during follow-up. The random forest algorithm exhibited high accuracy in predicting the students who maintained well-being (balanced accuracy = 0.85) or absence of suicidal ideation but low accuracy for those whose symptoms worsened (balanced accuracy = 0.49). The most important features used for prediction were the cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression. However, while the negative predictive value of worsened symptoms after 6 months of enrolment was 0.89, the positive predictive value is basically null. Conclusions: Students' severe mental health problems reached worrying levels, and demographic factors were poor predictors of mental health outcomes. Further research including people with lived experience will be crucial to better assess students' mental health needs and improve the predictive outcome for those most at risk of worsening symptoms.
MeSH term(s)	Young Adult ; Humans ; Suicidal Ideation ; Depression/diagnosis ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Prospective Studies ; Universities ; Students/psychology ; Machine Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2607964-1
ISSN	2045-7979 ; 2045-7960
ISSN (online)	2045-7979
ISSN	2045-7960
DOI	10.1017/S2045796023000550
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Article ; Online: Caution when linking COVID-19 to mental health consequences.

Meda, Nicola / Slongo, Irene

Brain, behavior, and immunity

2020 Volume 87, Page(s) 152

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/psychology ; Humans ; Mental Health/trends ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/psychology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Social Isolation/psychology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	639219-2
ISSN	1090-2139 ; 0889-1591
ISSN (online)	1090-2139
ISSN	0889-1591
DOI	10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.018
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Article ; Online: Orthorexia nervosa and dieting in a non-clinical sample: a prospective study.

Novara, Caterina / Pardini, Susanna / Visioli, Francesco / Meda, Nicola

Eating and weight disorders : EWD

2022 Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 2081–2093

Abstract: Purpose: Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is characterised by excessive attention to a dietary regimen perceived as healthy. A critical factor in the distinction between ON and other eating disorders (EDs) is the dichotomy of quality-versus-quantity of food ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is characterised by excessive attention to a dietary regimen perceived as healthy. A critical factor in the distinction between ON and other eating disorders (EDs) is the dichotomy of quality-versus-quantity of food intake. We investigated whether specific types of diet or dieting frequency are associated with orthorexic features, explored the overlap between ON and EDs symptoms, and examined which constructs are predictive of ON after 6 months. Methods: A total of 1075 students (75.1% female, mean age 20.9) completed a set of questionnaires assessing Orthorexia, Eating Disorders, Obsessions and Compulsions, Anxiety and Depression; 358 individuals (79.9 female, mean age 20.9) agreed to participate in the study and completed the same questionnaires after 6 months. Different regression models were defined to investigate our hypothesis. Results: Findings suggest that ON is associated with the number and type of diets followed over a lifetime. Moreover, participants with EDs, body dissatisfaction, or a dysfunctional idea of thinness are more likely to report a greater degree of ON features. After 6 months, the best predictors of ON characteristics are the same ON characteristics assessed at the first administration, with a significant role in the ideal of thinness. Conclusions: ON is more frequent in individuals with a previous diagnosis of EDs and in individuals who followed a restrictive diet or a vegan/vegetarian one; the number of lifetime diets, beliefs, and behaviors related to the ideals of thinness or body dissatisfaction is common features of ON. Moreover, considering that having ON features in the past is the best ON predictor in the present, we can presume that ON is a construct stable over time. Level of evidence: Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies. (NB: Dramatic results in uncontrolled trials might also be regarded as this type of evidence).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Feeding Behavior ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Orthorexia Nervosa ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thinness ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2038625-4
ISSN	1590-1262 ; 1124-4909
ISSN (online)	1590-1262
ISSN	1124-4909
DOI	10.1007/s40519-021-01353-8
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Article ; Online: Frequency and machine learning predictors of severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among university students

Nicola Meda / Susanna Pardini / Paolo Rigobello / Francesco Visioli / Caterina Novara

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, Vol

2023 Volume 32

Abstract: Abstract Aims Prospective studies on the mental health of university students highlighted a major concern. Specifically, young adults in academia are affected by markedly worse mental health status than their peers or adults in other vocations. This ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Aims Prospective studies on the mental health of university students highlighted a major concern. Specifically, young adults in academia are affected by markedly worse mental health status than their peers or adults in other vocations. This situation predisposes to exacerbated disability-adjusted life-years. Methods We enroled 1,388 students at the baseline, 557 of whom completed follow-up after 6 months, incorporating their demographic information and self-report questionnaires on depressive, anxiety and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. We applied multiple regression modelling to determine associations – at baseline – between demographic factors and self-reported mental health measures and supervised machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of poorer mental health at follow-up, by leveraging the demographic and clinical information collected at baseline. Results Approximately one out of five students reported severe depressive symptoms and/or suicidal ideation. An association of economic worry with depression was evidenced both at baseline (when high-frequency worry odds ratio = 3.11 [1.88–5.15]) and during follow-up. The random forest algorithm exhibited high accuracy in predicting the students who maintained well-being (balanced accuracy = 0.85) or absence of suicidal ideation but low accuracy for those whose symptoms worsened (balanced accuracy = 0.49). The most important features used for prediction were the cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression. However, while the negative predictive value of worsened symptoms after 6 months of enrolment was 0.89, the positive predictive value is basically null. Conclusions Students’ severe mental health problems reached worrying levels, and demographic factors were poor predictors of mental health outcomes. Further research including people with lived experience will be crucial to better assess students’ mental health needs and improve the predictive outcome for those most at risk of worsening symptoms.
Keywords	college students ; depression ; prospective study ; random forest ; suicidality ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Towards a unified vision on animal navigation.

Menti, Giulio Maria / Meda, Nicola / Zordan, Mauro A / Megighian, Aram

The European journal of neuroscience

2022 Volume 57, Issue 12, Page(s) 1980–1997

Abstract: The study of animal navigation is a complex and fertile field of research: Several questions regarding how animals relate to external stimuli, integrating them to perform their everyday movement routine, have been or are being addressed in different ... ...

Abstract	The study of animal navigation is a complex and fertile field of research: Several questions regarding how animals relate to external stimuli, integrating them to perform their everyday movement routine, have been or are being addressed in different organisms and taxa, both from the behavioural and the neuronal activity point of view. Several invertebrate model organisms are the object of studies aimed at unravelling how they navigate and their ability to precisely return to a starting point and also how navigational information is communicated to conspecifics when precise social structures are present. Also, vertebrates are studied because of the interest in their orientation abilities while migrating, homing over impressive distances and studying exploration, orientation and space recognition. Last, research on the navigation capabilities of humans pursues a better understanding of the neural architecture involved in these processes in the remarkable effort to find answers and possible solutions to impairments, lesions and diseases. However, an 'all-inclusive' vision of navigation still appears to be in its embryonic state: A better perspective could (and should) shift from a paradigm where single research teams are centred on studying navigation in a single genus or species towards a more comprehensive evolutionary-centred view, searching systematically for behavioural analogies, and possibly for homologies in neural architecture between different taxa. In this review, we introduce examples of relevant topics in animal navigation from distinct animal groups, highlighting the similar approaches of those studies, and why, in our opinion, this research field could profit from a 'new' perspective.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Neurons/physiology ; Spatial Navigation/physiology ; Recognition, Psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-14
Publishing country	France
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645180-9
ISSN	1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
ISSN (online)	1460-9568
ISSN	0953-816X
DOI	10.1111/ejn.15881
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Article: Caution when linking COVID-19 to mental health consequences

Meda, Nicola / Slongo, Irene

Brain Behav Immun

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #186674
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Caution when linking COVID-19 to mental health consequences

Meda, Nicola / Slongo, Irene

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

2020 Volume 87, Page(s) 152

Keywords	Immunology ; Behavioral Neuroscience ; Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	639219-2
ISSN	0889-1591
ISSN	0889-1591
DOI	10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.018
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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