LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 180

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Plasmonic couplings in Ag-Au heterodimers.

    Gomrok, Saghar / Eldridge, Brinton King / Chaffin, Elise A / Barr, James W / Huang, Xiaohua / Hoang, Thang B / Wang, Yongmei

    The Journal of chemical physics

    2024  Volume 160, Issue 14

    Abstract: ... polarization modes was examined: a longitudinal mode (L-mode), where the electric field of a linearly polarized ... LSPR being reduced in all modes and the peak at Au LSPR being red-shifted and increased in the L-mode ... heterodimer. The large near-field enhancement on both Ag and Au NPs at the Au plasmonic wavelength in the L ...

    Abstract The plasmonic coupling between silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) under four polarization modes was examined: a longitudinal mode (L-mode), where the electric field of a linearly polarized incident light parallels the dimer axis, and three transverse modes (T-modes), where the electric field of the light is perpendicular to the dimer axis. The coupling was studied using the discrete dipole approximation followed by an in-house postprocessing code that determines the extinction (Qext), absorption (Qabs), and near-field (Qnf) spectra from the individual NPs as well as the whole system. In agreement with the literature results, the extinction/absorption spectra of the whole dimer have two peaks, one near the Ag localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) region and the other at the Au LSPR region, with the peak at Ag LSPR being reduced in all modes and the peak at Au LSPR being red-shifted and increased in the L-mode but not in the T-modes. It is further shown that the scattering at the Ag LSPR region is reduced and becomes less than the isolated Ag NPs, but the absorption at the Ag LSPR is increased and becomes greater than the isolated Ag NPs for the 50 nm Ag-Au heterodimer. This suggests that the scattering from Ag NPs is being reabsorbed by the neighboring Au NPs due to the interband electronic transition in Au at that wavelength range. The Qext from the individual NP in the heterodimer shows the presence of the Fano profile on the Au NP but not on the Ag NP. This phenomenon was further investigated by using a dielectric particle (DP) placed near the Ag or Au NPs. The Fano profile appears in the absorbing DP spectra placed near either Ag or Au NPs. However, the Fano profile is masked upon further increases in the refractive index value of the DP particle. This explains the absence of a Fano profile on the Ag NPs in the Ag-Au heterodimer. The large near-field enhancement on both Ag and Au NPs at the Au plasmonic wavelength in the L-mode for large NPs was investigated through a DP-Au system. The large enhancement was shown to arise from a large imaginary component of the DP refractive index and a small real component. Through examination of both the near- and far-field properties of the individual NPs as well as the whole system and examinations of DP-Ag and DP-Au systems, our study provides a new understanding of the couplings between Ag and Au NPs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3113-6
    ISSN 1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
    ISSN (online) 1089-7690
    ISSN 0021-9606
    DOI 10.1063/5.0196256
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Declines in ice cover are accompanied by light limitation responses and community change in freshwater diatoms.

    Zepernick, Brittany N / Chase, Emily E / Denison, Elizabeth R / Gilbert, Naomi E / Truchon, Alexander R / Frenken, Thijs / Cody, William R / Martin, Robbie M / Chaffin, Justin D / Bullerjahn, George S / McKay, R Michael L / Wilhelm, Steven W

    The ISME journal

    2024  Volume 18, Issue 1

    Abstract: The rediscovery of diatom blooms embedded within and beneath the Lake Erie ice cover (2007-2012) ignited interest in psychrophilic adaptations and winter limnology. Subsequent studies determined the vital role ice plays in winter diatom ecophysiology as ... ...

    Abstract The rediscovery of diatom blooms embedded within and beneath the Lake Erie ice cover (2007-2012) ignited interest in psychrophilic adaptations and winter limnology. Subsequent studies determined the vital role ice plays in winter diatom ecophysiology as diatoms partition to the underside of ice, thereby fixing their location within the photic zone. Yet, climate change has led to widespread ice decline across the Great Lakes, with Lake Erie presenting a nearly "ice-free" state in several recent winters. It has been hypothesized that the resultant turbid, isothermal water column induces light limitation amongst winter diatoms and thus serves as a competitive disadvantage. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a physiochemical and metatranscriptomic survey that spanned spatial, temporal, and climatic gradients of the winter Lake Erie water column (2019-2020). Our results suggest that ice-free conditions decreased planktonic diatom bloom magnitude and altered diatom community composition. Diatoms increased their expression of various photosynthetic genes and iron transporters, which suggests that the diatoms are attempting to increase their quantity of photosystems and light-harvesting components (a well-defined indicator of light limitation). We identified two gene families which serve to increase diatom fitness in the turbid ice-free water column: proton-pumping rhodopsins (a potential second means of light-driven energy acquisition) and fasciclins (a means to "raft" together to increase buoyancy and co-locate to the surface to optimize light acquisition). With large-scale climatic changes already underway, our observations provide insight into how diatoms respond to the dynamic ice conditions of today and shed light on how they will fare in a climatically altered tomorrow.
    MeSH term(s) Diatoms/genetics ; Ecosystem ; Ice Cover ; Lakes ; Water
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2406536-5
    ISSN 1751-7370 ; 1751-7362
    ISSN (online) 1751-7370
    ISSN 1751-7362
    DOI 10.1093/ismejo/wrad015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: An Investigation on the Use of Au@SiO

    Eldridge, Brinton King / Gomrok, Saghar / Barr, James W / Chaffin, Elise Anne / Fielding, Lauren / Sachs, Christian / Stickels, Katie / Williams, Paiton / Wang, Yongmei

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 21

    Abstract: Gap-enhanced Raman tags are a new type of optical probe that have wide applications in sensing and detection. A gap-enhanced Raman tag is prepared by embedding Raman molecules inside a gap between two plasmonic metals such as an Au core and Au shell. ... ...

    Abstract Gap-enhanced Raman tags are a new type of optical probe that have wide applications in sensing and detection. A gap-enhanced Raman tag is prepared by embedding Raman molecules inside a gap between two plasmonic metals such as an Au core and Au shell. Even though placing Raman molecules beneath an Au shell seems counter-intuitive, it has been shown that such systems produce a stronger surface-enhanced Raman scattering response due to the strong electric field inside the gap. While the theoretical support of the stronger electric field inside the gap was provided in the literature, a comprehensive understanding of how the electric field inside the gap compares with that of the outer surface of the particle was not readily available. We investigated Au@SiO2@Au nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 35 nm to 70 nm with varying shell (2.5-10 nm) and gap (2.5-15 nm) thicknesses and obtained both far-field and near-field spectra. The extinction spectra from these particles always have two peaks. The low-energy peak redshifts with the decreasing shell thickness. However, when the gap thickness decreases, the low-energy peaks first blueshift and then redshift, producing a C-shape in the peak position. For every system we investigated, the near-field enhancement spectra were stronger inside the gap than on the outer surface of the nanoparticle. We find that a thin shell combined with a thin gap will produce the greatest near-field enhancement inside the gap. Our work fills the knowledge gap between the exciting potential applications of gap-enhanced Raman tags and the fundamental knowledge of enhancement provided by the gap.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano13212893
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Association between COVID-19 and consistent mask wearing during contact with others outside the household-A nested case-control analysis, November 2020-October 2021.

    Tjaden, Ashley H / Edelstein, Sharon L / Ahmed, Naheed / Calamari, Lydia / Dantuluri, Keerti L / Gibbs, Michael / Hinkelman, Amy / Mongraw-Chaffin, Morgana / Sanders, John W / Saydah, Sharon / Plumb, Ian D

    Influenza and other respiratory viruses

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) e13080

    Abstract: Background: Face masks have been recommended to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, evidence of the individual benefit of face masks remains limited, including by vaccination status.: Methods: As part of the COVID-19 Community Research ... ...

    Abstract Background: Face masks have been recommended to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, evidence of the individual benefit of face masks remains limited, including by vaccination status.
    Methods: As part of the COVID-19 Community Research Partnership cohort study, we performed a nested case-control analysis to assess the association between self-reported consistent mask use during contact with others outside the household and subsequent odds of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) during November 2020-October 2021. Using conditional logistic regression, we compared 359 case-participants to 3544 control-participants who were matched by date, adjusting for enrollment site, age group, sex, race/ethnicity, urban/rural county classification, and healthcare worker occupation.
    Results: COVID-19 was associated with not consistently wearing a mask (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.14, 1.95]). Compared with persons ≥14 days after mRNA vaccination who also reported always wearing a mask, COVID-19 was associated with being unvaccinated (aOR 5.94; 95% CI [3.04, 11.62]), not wearing a mask (aOR 1.62; 95% CI [1.07, 2.47]), or both unvaccinated and not wearing a mask (aOR 9.07; 95% CI [4.81, 17.09]).
    Conclusions: Our findings indicate that consistent mask wearing can complement vaccination to reduce the risk of COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cohort Studies ; Masks ; Case-Control Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2274538-5
    ISSN 1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
    ISSN (online) 1750-2659
    ISSN 1750-2640
    DOI 10.1111/irv.13080
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article: Elevated pH Conditions Associated With

    Zepernick, Brittany N / Gann, Eric R / Martin, Robbie M / Pound, Helena L / Krausfeldt, Lauren E / Chaffin, Justin D / Wilhelm, Steven W

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 598736

    Abstract: Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) commonly increase water column pH to alkaline levels ≥9.2, and to as high as 11. This elevated pH has been suggested to confer a competitive advantage to cyanobacteria such ... ...

    Abstract Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) commonly increase water column pH to alkaline levels ≥9.2, and to as high as 11. This elevated pH has been suggested to confer a competitive advantage to cyanobacteria such as
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2021.598736
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article: Changes in Microbiome Activity and Sporadic Viral Infection Help Explain Observed Variability in Microcosm Studies.

    Pound, Helena L / Martin, Robbie M / Zepernick, Brittany N / Christopher, Courtney J / Howard, Sara M / Castro, Hector F / Campagna, Shawn R / Boyer, Gregory L / Bullerjahn, George S / Chaffin, Justin D / Wilhelm, Steven W

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 809989

    Abstract: The environmental conditions experienced by microbial communities are rarely fully simulated in the laboratory. Researchers use experimental containers ("bottles"), where natural samples can be manipulated and evaluated. However, container-based methods ... ...

    Abstract The environmental conditions experienced by microbial communities are rarely fully simulated in the laboratory. Researchers use experimental containers ("bottles"), where natural samples can be manipulated and evaluated. However, container-based methods are subject to "bottle effects": changes that occur when enclosing the plankton community that are often times unexplained by standard measures like pigment and nutrient concentrations. We noted variability in a short-term, nutrient amendment experiment during a 2019 Lake Erie,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2022.809989
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Metatranscriptomic Sequencing of Winter and Spring Planktonic Communities from Lake Erie, a Laurentian Great Lake.

    Zepernick, Brittany N / Denison, Elizabeth R / Chaffin, Justin D / Bullerjahn, George S / Pennacchio, Christa P / Frenken, Thijs / Peck, Daniel H / Anderson, James T / Niles, Derek / Zastepa, Arthur / McKay, R Michael L / Wilhelm, Steven W

    Microbiology resource announcements

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) e0035122

    Abstract: Previous reports suggest planktonic and under-ice winter microbial communities in Lake Erie are dominated by diatoms. Here, we report the assembled metatranscriptomes of 79 Lake Erie surface water microbial communities spanning both the winter (28 ... ...

    Abstract Previous reports suggest planktonic and under-ice winter microbial communities in Lake Erie are dominated by diatoms. Here, we report the assembled metatranscriptomes of 79 Lake Erie surface water microbial communities spanning both the winter (28 samples) and spring (51 samples) months over spatial, temporal, and climatic gradients in 2019 through 2020.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-098X
    ISSN (online) 2576-098X
    DOI 10.1128/mra.00351-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Roles of Nutrient Limitation on Western Lake Erie CyanoHAB Toxin Production.

    Barnard, Malcolm A / Chaffin, Justin D / Plaas, Haley E / Boyer, Gregory L / Wei, Bofan / Wilhelm, Steven W / Rossignol, Karen L / Braddy, Jeremy S / Bullerjahn, George S / Bridgeman, Thomas B / Davis, Timothy W / Wei, Jin / Bu, Minsheng / Paerl, Hans W

    Toxins

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 1

    Abstract: Cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (CyanoHAB) proliferation is a global problem impacting ecosystem and human health. Western Lake Erie (WLE) typically endures two highly toxic CyanoHABs during summer: ... ...

    Abstract Cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (CyanoHAB) proliferation is a global problem impacting ecosystem and human health. Western Lake Erie (WLE) typically endures two highly toxic CyanoHABs during summer: a
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Toxins/chemistry ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/toxicity ; Chlorophyll A/chemistry ; Cyanobacteria/physiology ; Great Lakes Region ; Harmful Algal Bloom ; Lakes/chemistry ; Lakes/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Toxins ; Chlorophyll A (YF5Q9EJC8Y)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins13010047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Exploring Individual and Contextual Factors Associated With Sexual Risk and Substance Use Among Underserved GBQMSM and Transgender and Nonbinary Persons in South Central Appalachia.

    Sucaldito, Ana D / Tanner, Amanda E / Mann-Jackson, Lilli / Alonzo, Jorge / Garcia, Manuel / Chaffin, John W / Faller, Rachel / McGuire, Tucker / Jibriel, Mohammed / Mertus, Sulianie / Kline, David M / Russell, Laurie / Stafford, Jeanette / Aviles, Lucero Refugio / Weil, Peggy H / Wilkin, Aimee M / Rhodes, Scott D

    AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education

    2023  Volume 35, Issue 6, Page(s) 495–506

    Abstract: Gay, bisexual, queer, and other men who have sex with men (GBQMSM) and transgender and nonbinary persons are at elevated risk for HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and hepatitis C (HCV); in Appalachia, these communities experience more disease ...

    Abstract Gay, bisexual, queer, and other men who have sex with men (GBQMSM) and transgender and nonbinary persons are at elevated risk for HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and hepatitis C (HCV); in Appalachia, these communities experience more disease burden. However, little is known about the factors influencing risk. Sixteen semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted examining factors influencing prevention and care. Data were analyzed using constant comparison methodology. Fifteen themes emerged within four domains: social environment (e.g., microaggressions across gender, sexual orientation, and racial identities), substance use (e.g., high prevalence, use as coping mechanism), sexual health (e.g., misinformation and denial of risk for HIV and STIs), and access to health care (e.g., cost and transportation barriers, lack of local respectful care). Findings highlighted salient barriers and assets influencing prevention and care and suggest that multilevel interventions are needed to improve access to and use of HIV, STI, and HCV prevention and care services.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Transgender Persons ; Homosexuality, Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control ; Appalachian Region/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1075448-9
    ISSN 1943-2755 ; 0899-9546
    ISSN (online) 1943-2755
    ISSN 0899-9546
    DOI 10.1521/aeap.2023.35.6.495
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article: Transcriptional profile of the rat cardiovascular system at single cell resolution.

    Arduini, Alessandro / Fleming, Stephen J / Xiao, Ling / Hall, Amelia W / Akkad, Amer-Denis / Chaffin, Mark / Bendinelli, Kayla J / Tucker, Nathan R / Papangeli, Irinna / Mantineo, Helene / Babadi, Mehrtash / Stegmann, Christian M / García-Cardeña, Guillermo / Lindsay, Mark E / Klattenhoff, Carla / Ellinor, Patrick T

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Despite the critical role of the cardiovascular system, our understanding of its cellular and transcriptional diversity remains limited. We therefore sought to characterize the cellular composition, phenotypes, molecular pathways, and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Despite the critical role of the cardiovascular system, our understanding of its cellular and transcriptional diversity remains limited. We therefore sought to characterize the cellular composition, phenotypes, molecular pathways, and communication networks between cell types at the tissue and sub-tissue level across the cardiovascular system of the healthy Wistar rat, an important model in preclinical cardiovascular research. We obtained high quality tissue samples under controlled conditions that reveal a level of cellular detail so far inaccessible in human studies.
    Methods and results: We performed single nucleus RNA-sequencing in 78 samples in 10 distinct regions including the four chambers of the heart, ventricular septum, sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, aorta, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary veins (PV), which produced an aggregate map of 505,835 nuclei. We identified 26 distinct cell types and additional subtypes, including a number of rare cell types such as PV cardiomyocytes and non-myelinating Schwann cells (NMSCs), and unique groups of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), endothelial cells (ECs) and fibroblasts (FBs), which gave rise to a detailed cell type distribution across tissues. We demonstrated differences in the cellular composition across different cardiac regions and tissue-specific differences in transcription for each cell type, highlighting the molecular diversity and complex tissue architecture of the cardiovascular system. Specifically, we observed great transcriptional heterogeneities among ECs and FBs. Importantly, several cell subtypes had a unique regional localization such as a subtype of VSMCs enriched in the large vasculature. We found the cellular makeup of PV tissue is closer to heart tissue than to the large arteries. We further explored the ligand-receptor repertoire across cell clusters and tissues, and observed tissue-enriched cellular communication networks, including heightened
    Conclusions: Through a large single nucleus sequencing effort encompassing over 500,000 nuclei, we broadened our understanding of cellular transcription in the healthy cardiovascular system. The existence of tissue-restricted cellular phenotypes suggests regional regulation of cardiovascular physiology. The overall conservation in gene expression and molecular pathways across rat and human cell types, together with our detailed transcriptional characterization of each cell type, offers the potential to identify novel therapeutic targets and improve preclinical models of cardiovascular disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.11.14.567085
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top