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  1. Article: Antigenic Essence: Upgrade of Cellular Cancer Vaccines.

    Lokhov, Petr G / Balashova, Elena E

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 4

    Abstract: The development of anticancer immunotherapy is characterized by several approaches, the most recognized of which include cellular vaccines, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), neoantigens, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T). This paper presents ... ...

    Abstract The development of anticancer immunotherapy is characterized by several approaches, the most recognized of which include cellular vaccines, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), neoantigens, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T). This paper presents antigenic essence technology as an effective means for the production of new antigen compositions for anticancer vaccination. This technology is developed via proteomics, cell culture technology, and immunological assays. In terms of vaccine development, it does not fit into any of the above-noted approaches and can be considered a new direction. Here we review the development of this technology, its main characteristics, comparison with existing approaches, and the features that distinguish it as a novel approach to anticancer vaccination. This review will also highlight the benefits of this technology over other approaches, such as the ability to control composition, optimize immunogenicity and similarity to target cells, and evade major histocompatibility complex restriction. The first antigenic essence products, presented under the SANTAVAC brand, are also described.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13040774
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Current State and Future Perspectives on Personalized Metabolomics.

    Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitry L / Balashova, Elena E / Lokhov, Petr G

    Metabolites

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1

    Abstract: Metabolomics is one of the most promising 'omics' sciences for the implementation in medicine by developing new diagnostic tests and optimizing drug therapy. Since in metabolomics, the end products of the biochemical processes in an organism are studied, ...

    Abstract Metabolomics is one of the most promising 'omics' sciences for the implementation in medicine by developing new diagnostic tests and optimizing drug therapy. Since in metabolomics, the end products of the biochemical processes in an organism are studied, which are under the influence of both genetic and environmental factors, the metabolomics analysis can detect any changes associated with both lifestyle and pathological processes. Almost every case-controlled metabolomics study shows a high diagnostic accuracy. Taking into account that metabolomics processes are already described for most nosologies, there are prerequisites that a high-speed and comprehensive metabolite analysis will replace, in near future, the narrow range of chemical analyses used today, by the medical community. However, despite the promising perspectives of personalized metabolomics, there are currently no FDA-approved metabolomics tests. The well-known problem of complexity of personalized metabolomics data analysis and their interpretation for the end-users, in addition to a traditional need for analytical methods to address the quality control, standardization, and data treatment are reported in the review. Possible ways to solve the problems and change the situation with the introduction of metabolomics tests into clinical practice, are also discussed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662251-8
    ISSN 2218-1989
    ISSN 2218-1989
    DOI 10.3390/metabo13010067
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Changing Landscape of Cancer Vaccines-Novel Proteomics Platform for New Antigen Compositions.

    Lokhov, Petr G / Lichtenberg, Steven / Balashova, Elena E

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 8

    Abstract: The creation of cancer vaccines is a constant priority for research and biotechnology. Therefore, the emergence of any new technology in this field is a significant event, especially because previous technologies have not yielded results. Recently, the ... ...

    Abstract The creation of cancer vaccines is a constant priority for research and biotechnology. Therefore, the emergence of any new technology in this field is a significant event, especially because previous technologies have not yielded results. Recently, the development of a cancer vaccine has been complemented by a new proteomics technology platform that allows the creation of antigen compositions known as antigenic essences. Antigenic essence comprises a target fraction of cellular antigens, the composition of which is precisely controlled by peptide mass spectrometry and compared to the proteomic footprint of the target cells to ensure similarity. This proteomics platform offers potential for a massive upgrade of conventional cellular cancer vaccines. Antigenic essences have the same mechanism of action, but without the disadvantages, and with notable advantages such as precise targeting of the immune response, safety, controlled composition, improved immunogenicity, addressed MHC restriction, and extended range of vaccination doses. The present paper calls attention to this novel platform, stimulates discussion of the role of antigenic essence in vaccine development, and consolidates academic science with biotech capabilities. A brief description of the platform, list of cellular cancer vaccines suitable for the upgrade, main recommendations, limitations, and legal and ethical aspects of vaccine upgrade are reported here.
    MeSH term(s) Cancer Vaccines ; Mass Spectrometry ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Proteomics/methods
    Chemical Substances Cancer Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms23084401
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Changing Landscape of Cancer Vaccines—Novel Proteomics Platform for New Antigen Compositions

    Petr G. Lokhov / Steven Lichtenberg / Elena E. Balashova

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 4401, p

    2022  Volume 4401

    Abstract: The creation of cancer vaccines is a constant priority for research and biotechnology. Therefore, the emergence of any new technology in this field is a significant event, especially because previous technologies have not yielded results. Recently, the ... ...

    Abstract The creation of cancer vaccines is a constant priority for research and biotechnology. Therefore, the emergence of any new technology in this field is a significant event, especially because previous technologies have not yielded results. Recently, the development of a cancer vaccine has been complemented by a new proteomics technology platform that allows the creation of antigen compositions known as antigenic essences. Antigenic essence comprises a target fraction of cellular antigens, the composition of which is precisely controlled by peptide mass spectrometry and compared to the proteomic footprint of the target cells to ensure similarity. This proteomics platform offers potential for a massive upgrade of conventional cellular cancer vaccines. Antigenic essences have the same mechanism of action, but without the disadvantages, and with notable advantages such as precise targeting of the immune response, safety, controlled composition, improved immunogenicity, addressed MHC restriction, and extended range of vaccination doses. The present paper calls attention to this novel platform, stimulates discussion of the role of antigenic essence in vaccine development, and consolidates academic science with biotech capabilities. A brief description of the platform, list of cellular cancer vaccines suitable for the upgrade, main recommendations, limitations, and legal and ethical aspects of vaccine upgrade are reported here.
    Keywords antigenic essence ; upgrade ; cancer vaccine ; cell proteomic footprint ; mass spectrometry ; consortium ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 020
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Cell Proteomic Footprinting: Advances in the Quality of Cellular and Cell-Derived Cancer Vaccines.

    Lokhov, Petr G / Balashova, Elena E / Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitry L / Archakov, Alexander I

    Pharmaceutics

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2

    Abstract: In omics sciences, many compounds are measured simultaneously in a sample in a single run. Such analytical performance opens up prospects for improving cellular cancer vaccines and other cell-based immunotherapeutics. This article provides an overview of ...

    Abstract In omics sciences, many compounds are measured simultaneously in a sample in a single run. Such analytical performance opens up prospects for improving cellular cancer vaccines and other cell-based immunotherapeutics. This article provides an overview of proteomics technology, known as cell proteomic footprinting. The molecular phenotype of cells is highly variable, and their antigenic profile is affected by many factors, including cell isolation from the tissue, cell cultivation conditions, and storage procedures. This makes the therapeutic properties of cells, including those used in vaccines, unpredictable. Cell proteomic footprinting makes it possible to obtain controlled cell products. Namely, this technology facilitates the cell authentication and quality control of cells regarding their molecular phenotype, which is directly connected with the antigenic properties of cell products. Protocols for cell proteomic footprinting with their crucial moments, footprint processing, and recommendations for the implementation of this technology are described in this paper. The provided footprints in this paper and program source code for their processing contribute to the fast implementation of this technology in the development and manufacturing of cell-based immunotherapeutics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527217-2
    ISSN 1999-4923
    ISSN 1999-4923
    DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020661
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Application of Clinical Blood Metabogram to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

    Lokhov, Petr G / Balashova, Elena E / Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitry L / Shestakova, Ekaterina A / Shestakova, Marina V / Dedov, Ivan I

    Metabolites

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 3

    Abstract: The clinical blood metabogram (CBM) was developed to match a tailored analysis of the blood metabolome to the time, cost, and reproducibility constraints of clinical laboratory testing. By analyzing the main blood metabolite groups, CBM offers clinically ...

    Abstract The clinical blood metabogram (CBM) was developed to match a tailored analysis of the blood metabolome to the time, cost, and reproducibility constraints of clinical laboratory testing. By analyzing the main blood metabolite groups, CBM offers clinically relevant information about the intake of low-molecular substances into the organism, humoral regulation, liver function, amino acid level, and the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The purpose of this work was to investigate the relevance of using the CBM in patients with diabetes mellitus. For this, a CBM was obtained for 18 healthy individuals, 12 individuals with prediabetes, and 64 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, separated into groups according to fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests. The results showed that the CBM reveals diabetes-associated metabolic alterations in the blood, including changes in the levels of carbohydrates, ketone bodies, eicosanoids, phospholipids, and amino acids, which are consistent with the scientific data available to date. The CBM enabled the separation of diabetic patients according to their metabolic metabotypes, providing both a general overview of their metabolic alterations and detailing their individual metabolic characteristics. It was concluded that the CBM is a precise and clinically applicable test for assessing an individual's metabolic status in diabetes mellitus for diagnostic and treatment purposes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662251-8
    ISSN 2218-1989
    ISSN 2218-1989
    DOI 10.3390/metabo14030168
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  7. Article ; Online: Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics diagnostics - myth or reality?

    Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitri L / Balashova, Elena E / Lokhov, Petr G

    Expert review of proteomics

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–12

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract ABSTACT
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Pathology, Molecular
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2299100-1
    ISSN 1744-8387 ; 1478-9450
    ISSN (online) 1744-8387
    ISSN 1478-9450
    DOI 10.1080/14789450.2021.1893695
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6686: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article: Metabolome Profiling in Aging Studies.

    Balashova, Elena E / Maslov, Dmitry L / Trifonova, Oxana P / Lokhov, Petr G / Archakov, Alexander I

    Biology

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 11

    Abstract: Organism aging is closely related to systemic metabolic changes. However, due to the multilevel and network nature of metabolic pathways, it is difficult to understand these connections. Today, scientists are trying to solve this problem using one of the ...

    Abstract Organism aging is closely related to systemic metabolic changes. However, due to the multilevel and network nature of metabolic pathways, it is difficult to understand these connections. Today, scientists are trying to solve this problem using one of the main approaches of metabolomics-untargeted metabolome profiling. The purpose of this publication is to review metabolomic studies based on such profiling, both in animal models and in humans. This review describes metabolites that vary significantly across age groups and include carbohydrates, amino acids, carnitines, biogenic amines, and lipids. Metabolic pathways associated with the aging process are also shown, including those associated with amino acid, lipid, and energy metabolism. The presented data reveal the mechanisms of aging and can be used as a basis for monitoring biological age and predicting age-related diseases in the early stages of their development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology11111570
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  9. Article: Potential Plasma Metabolite Biomarkers of Diabetic Nephropathy: Untargeted Metabolomics Study.

    Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitry L / Balashova, Elena E / Lichtenberg, Steven / Lokhov, Petr G

    Journal of personalized medicine

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 11

    Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the specific complications of diabetes mellitus and one of the leading kidney-related disorders, often requiring renal replacement therapy. Currently, the tests commonly used for the diagnosis of DN, albuminuria (AU) ... ...

    Abstract Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the specific complications of diabetes mellitus and one of the leading kidney-related disorders, often requiring renal replacement therapy. Currently, the tests commonly used for the diagnosis of DN, albuminuria (AU) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), have limited sensitivity and specificity and can usually be noted when typical morphological changes in the kidney have already been manifested. That is why the extreme urgency of the problem of early diagnosis of this disease exists. The untargeted metabolomics analysis of blood plasma samples from 80 patients with type 1 diabetes and early and late stages of DN according to GFR was performed using direct injection mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis for diagnosing signatures construction. Among the dysregulated metabolites, combinations of 15 compounds, including amino acids and derivatives, monosaccharides, organic acids, and uremic toxins were selected for signatures for DN diagnosis. The selected metabolite combinations have shown high performance for diagnosing of DN, especially for the late stage (up to 99%). Despite the metabolite signature determined for the early stage of DN being characterized by a diagnostic performance of 81%, these metabolites as potential biomarkers might be useful in the evaluation of treatment of the disease, especially at early stages that may reduce the risk of kidney failure development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662248-8
    ISSN 2075-4426
    ISSN 2075-4426
    DOI 10.3390/jpm12111889
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  10. Article ; Online: Mass Spectrometric Blood Metabogram: Acquisition, Characterization, and Prospects for Application.

    Lokhov, Petr G / Balashova, Elena E / Trifonova, Oxana P / Maslov, Dmitry L / Grigoriev, Anatoly I / Ponomarenko, Elena A / Archakov, Alexander I

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 2

    Abstract: In metabolomics, many metabolites are measured simultaneously in a single run. Such analytical performance opens up prospects for clinical laboratory diagnostics. In this work, a mass spectrometric metabogram was developed as a simplified and clinically ... ...

    Abstract In metabolomics, many metabolites are measured simultaneously in a single run. Such analytical performance opens up prospects for clinical laboratory diagnostics. In this work, a mass spectrometric metabogram was developed as a simplified and clinically applicable way of measuring the blood plasma metabolome. To develop the metabogram, blood plasma samples from healthy male volunteers (n = 48) of approximately the same age, direct infusion mass spectrometry (DIMS) of the low molecular fraction of samples, and principal component analysis (PCA) of the mass spectra were used. The seven components of the metabogram defined by PCA, which cover ~70% of blood plasma metabolome variability, were characterized using a metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) and clinical test results of participating volunteers. It has been established that the components of the metabogram are functionally related groups of the blood metabolome associated with regulation, lipid-carbohydrate, and lipid-amine blood components, eicosanoids, lipid intake into the organism, and liver function thereby providing a lot of clinically relevant information. Therefore, metabogram provides the possibility to apply the metabolomics performance in the clinic. The features of the metabogram are also discussed in comparison with the thin-layer chromatography and with the analysis of blood metabolome by liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics/methods ; Chromatography, Liquid/methods ; Lipids
    Chemical Substances Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24021736
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