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Article ; Online: Editorial: Exercise and aging with musculoskeletal conditions.

Ryan, Alice S / Serra, Monica C / Gray, Vicki L

Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences

2022 Volume 3, Page(s) 902241

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2673-6861
ISSN (online)	2673-6861
DOI	10.3389/fresc.2022.902241
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Article ; Online: Screening Sperm for the Rapid Isolation of Germline Edits in Zebrafish.

Voigt, Brittney / Minowa, Ryoko / Gray, Ryan S

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2023 , Issue 192

Abstract: The advent of targeted CRISPR-Cas nuclease technologies has revolutionized the ability to perform precise genome editing in both established and emerging model systems. CRISPR-Cas genome editing systems use a synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) to target a ... ...

Abstract	The advent of targeted CRISPR-Cas nuclease technologies has revolutionized the ability to perform precise genome editing in both established and emerging model systems. CRISPR-Cas genome editing systems use a synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) to target a CRISPR-associated (Cas) endonuclease to specific genomic DNA loci, where the Cas endonuclease generates a double-strand break. The repair of double-strand breaks by intrinsic error-prone mechanisms leads to insertions and/or deletions, disrupting the locus. Alternatively, the inclusion of double-stranded DNA donors or single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides in this process can elicit the inclusion of precise genome edits ranging from single nucleotide polymorphisms to small immunological tags or even large fluorescent protein constructs. However, a major bottleneck in this procedure can be finding and isolating the desired edit in the germline. This protocol outlines a robust method for screening and isolating germline mutations at specific loci in Danio rerio (zebrafish); however, these principles may be adaptable in any model where in vivo sperm collection is possible.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/metabolism ; Semen/metabolism ; Gene Editing/methods ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Endonucleases/genetics ; Germ Cells/metabolism ; Spermatozoa/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
ZDB-ID	2259946-0
ISSN	1940-087X ; 1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
ISSN	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/64686
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Article ; Online: Motor protein Kif6 regulates cilia motility and polarity in brain ependymal cells.

Takagishi, Maki / Yue, Yang / Gray, Ryan S / Verhey, Kristen J / Wallingford, John B

Disease models & mechanisms

2024 Volume 17, Issue 2

Abstract: ... we show that Kif6 is a slow processive motor (12.2±2.0 nm/s) on microtubules in vitro and localizes ...

Abstract	Motile cilia on ependymal cells that line brain ventricular walls beat in concert to generate a flow of laminar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Dyneins and kinesins are ATPase microtubule motor proteins that promote the rhythmic beating of cilia axonemes. Despite common consensus about the importance of axonemal dynein motor proteins, little is known about how kinesin motors contribute to cilia motility. Here, we show that Kif6 is a slow processive motor (12.2±2.0 nm/s) on microtubules in vitro and localizes to both the apical cytoplasm and the axoneme in ependymal cells, although it does not display processive movement in vivo. Using a mouse mutant that models a human Kif6 mutation in a proband displaying macrocephaly, hypotonia and seizures, we found that loss of Kif6 function causes decreased ependymal cilia motility and, subsequently, decreases fluid flow on the surface of brain ventricular walls. Disruption of Kif6 also disrupts orientation of cilia, formation of robust apical actin networks and stabilization of basal bodies at the apical surface. This suggests a role for the Kif6 motor protein in the maintenance of ciliary homeostasis within ependymal cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Brain/metabolism ; Cilia/metabolism ; Dyneins/metabolism ; Ependyma ; Kinesins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Dyneins (EC 3.6.4.2) ; Kinesins (EC 3.6.4.4) ; KIF6 protein, human (EC 3.6.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2451104-3
ISSN	1754-8411 ; 1754-8403
ISSN (online)	1754-8411
ISSN	1754-8403
DOI	10.1242/dmm.050137
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Article ; Online: The Association Between Type of Supplementation in the Newborn Nursery and Breastfeeding Outcomes at 2 and 6 Months of Age.

Gray, Karin / Ryan, Stephanie / Churchill, Martha / Harder, Valerie S

Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association

2022 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 245–254

Abstract: Background: Supplementation in the newborn nursery has been associated with shorter breastfeeding duration. However, supplementation may at times be necessary.: Research aim: To determine the association between type of supplementation in the newborn ...

Abstract	Background: Supplementation in the newborn nursery has been associated with shorter breastfeeding duration. However, supplementation may at times be necessary. Research aim: To determine the association between type of supplementation in the newborn nursery (mother's own milk, formula, donor human milk) and breastfeeding outcomes at 2 and 6 months of age. Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, observational multi-group cohort study. In total, 2,343 surveys were sent to parents who, prior to delivery, indicated intent to exclusively breastfeed. Participants were grouped by type of nursery supplementation. Surveys asked about breastfeeding outcomes when infants were 2 and 6 months old. Our final analytic sample included data from 1,111 healthy newborns ≥ 35 weeks. We used multiple logistic regression to compare future breastfeeding outcomes for infants who were exclusively directly breastfed or who received supplementation during their birth hospitalization. Results: Both the donor human milk and formula groups had decreased breastfeeding at 2 and 6 months compared to the exclusively directly breastfed group. Notably, for infants who received formula compared to donor human milk, the odds of breastfeeding at 2 and 6 months were 74% and 58% lower, respectively ( Conclusion: Among those who intend to breastfeed, supplementation with donor human milk instead of formula in the newborn nursery may support longer breastfeeding.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Breast Feeding ; Infant Formula ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Milk, Human ; Dietary Supplements
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1138470-0
ISSN	1552-5732 ; 0890-3344
ISSN (online)	1552-5732
ISSN	0890-3344
DOI	10.1177/08903344221105810
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Article ; Online: Development of a straight vertebrate body axis.

Bagnat, Michel / Gray, Ryan S

Development (Cambridge, England)

2020 Volume 147, Issue 21

Abstract: The vertebrate body plan is characterized by the presence of a segmented spine along its main axis. Here, we examine the current understanding of how the axial tissues that are formed during embryonic development give rise to the adult spine and ... ...

Abstract	The vertebrate body plan is characterized by the presence of a segmented spine along its main axis. Here, we examine the current understanding of how the axial tissues that are formed during embryonic development give rise to the adult spine and summarize recent advances in the field, largely focused on recent studies in zebrafish, with comparisons to amniotes where appropriate. We discuss recent work illuminating the genetics and biological mechanisms mediating extension and straightening of the body axis during development, and highlight open questions. We specifically focus on the processes of notochord development and cerebrospinal fluid physiology, and how defects in those processes may lead to scoliosis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Body Patterning ; Morphogenesis ; Notochord/embryology ; Scoliosis/embryology ; Scoliosis/pathology ; Spine/abnormalities ; Spine/embryology ; Spine/pathology ; Vertebrates/embryology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	90607-4
ISSN	1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
ISSN (online)	1477-9129
ISSN	0950-1991
DOI	10.1242/dev.175794
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Article ; Online: Rapid exchange cooling with trapped ions.

Fallek, Spencer D / Sandhu, Vikram S / McGill, Ryan A / Gray, John M / Tinkey, Holly N / Clark, Craig R / Brown, Kenton R

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1089

Abstract: The trapped-ion quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture is a leading candidate for advanced quantum information processing. In current QCCD implementations, imperfect ion transport and anomalous heating can excite ion motion during a ... ...

Abstract	The trapped-ion quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture is a leading candidate for advanced quantum information processing. In current QCCD implementations, imperfect ion transport and anomalous heating can excite ion motion during a calculation. To counteract this, intermediate cooling is necessary to maintain high-fidelity gate performance. Cooling the computational ions sympathetically with ions of another species, a commonly employed strategy, creates a significant runtime bottleneck. Here, we demonstrate a different approach we call exchange cooling. Unlike sympathetic cooling, exchange cooling does not require trapping two different atomic species. The protocol introduces a bank of "coolant" ions which are repeatedly laser cooled. A computational ion can then be cooled by transporting a coolant ion into its proximity. We test this concept experimentally with two
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-45232-z
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Article: Kif6 regulates cilia motility and polarity in brain ependymal cells.

Takagishi, Maki / Yue, Yang / Gray, Ryan S / Verhey, Kristen J / Wallingford, John B

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Ependymal cells, lining brain ventricular walls, display tufts of cilia that beat in concert promoting laminar Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within brain ventricles. The ciliary axonemes of multiciliated ependymal cells display a 9+2 microtubule array ... ...

Abstract	Ependymal cells, lining brain ventricular walls, display tufts of cilia that beat in concert promoting laminar Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within brain ventricles. The ciliary axonemes of multiciliated ependymal cells display a 9+2 microtubule array common to motile cilia. Dyneins and kinesins are ATPase microtubule motor proteins that promote the rhythmic beating of cilia axonemes. Despite common consensus about the importance of axonemal dynein motor proteins, little is known about how Kinesin motors contribute to cilia motility. Here, we define the function of Kinesin family member 6 (Kif6) using a mutation that lacks a highly conserved C-terminal tail domain ( Summary statement: We found that Kif6 is localized to the axonemes of ependymal cells. In vitro analysis shows that Kif6 moves on microtubules and that its loss mice decrease cilia motility and cilia-driven flow, resulting in hydrocephalus.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.02.15.528715
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Article ; Online: Systematic Review of the Importance of Hip Muscle Strength, Activation, and Structure in Balance and Mobility Tasks.

Lanza, Marcel B / Arbuco, Breanna / Ryan, Alice S / Shipper, Andrea G / Gray, Vicki L / Addison, Odessa

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation

2022 Volume 103, Issue 8, Page(s) 1651–1662

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify the associations of the hip abductor muscle strength, structure, and neuromuscular activation on balance and mobility in younger, middle-aged, and older adults.: Data sources: We followed ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify the associations of the hip abductor muscle strength, structure, and neuromuscular activation on balance and mobility in younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Data sources: We followed PRISMA guidelines and performed searches in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. Study selection: Study selection included: (1) studies with patients aged 18 years or older and (2) studies that measured hip abduction torque, surface electromyography, and/or muscle structure and compared these measures with balance or mobility outcomes. Data extraction: The extracted data included the study population, setting, sample size, sex, and measurement evaluated. Data synthesis: The present systematic review is composed of 59 research articles including a total of 2144 young, middle-aged, and older adults (1337 women). We found that hip abductor strength is critical for balance and mobility function, independent of age. Hip abductor neuromuscular activation is also important for balance and mobility, although it may differ across ages depending on the task. Finally, the amount of fat inside the muscle appears to be one of the important factors of muscle structure influencing balance. Conclusions: In conclusion, a change in all investigated variables (hip abduction torque, neuromuscular activation, and intramuscular fat) appears to have an effect during balance or mobility tasks across age ranges and may elicit better performance. Future studies are necessary to confirm the effect of these variables across age ranges and the effects of interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Postural Balance/physiology ; Torque
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	80057-0
ISSN	1532-821X ; 0003-9993
ISSN (online)	1532-821X
ISSN	0003-9993
DOI	10.1016/j.apmr.2021.12.008
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Article ; Online: Psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis joints differ in the composition of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cell subsets.

Povoleri, Giovanni A M / Durham, Lucy E / Gray, Elizabeth H / Lalnunhlimi, Sylvine / Kannambath, Shichina / Pitcher, Michael J / Dhami, Pawan / Leeuw, Thomas / Ryan, Sarah E / Steel, Kathryn J A / Kirkham, Bruce W / Taams, Leonie S

Cell reports

2023 Volume 42, Issue 5, Page(s) 112514

Abstract: CD69+CD103+ tissue-resident memory T ( ... ...

Abstract	CD69+CD103+ tissue-resident memory T (T
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthritis, Psoriatic/metabolism ; Memory T Cells ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism ; Immunologic Memory
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2649101-1
ISSN	2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
ISSN (online)	2211-1247
ISSN	2211-1247
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112514
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Article ; Online: Altered expression of ACOX2 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Sui, Jane S Y / Martin, Petra / Keogh, Anna / Murchan, Pierre / Ryan, Lisa / Nicholson, Siobhan / Cuffe, Sinead / Broin, Pilib Ó / Finn, Stephen P / Fitzmaurice, Gerard J / Ryan, Ronan / Young, Vincent / Gray, Steven G

BMC pulmonary medicine

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 321

Abstract: Peroxisomes are organelles that play essential roles in many metabolic processes, but also play roles in innate immunity, signal transduction, aging and cancer. One of the main functions of peroxisomes is the processing of very-long chain fatty acids ... ...

Abstract	Peroxisomes are organelles that play essential roles in many metabolic processes, but also play roles in innate immunity, signal transduction, aging and cancer. One of the main functions of peroxisomes is the processing of very-long chain fatty acids into metabolites that can be directed to the mitochondria. One key family of enzymes in this process are the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidases (ACOX1, ACOX2 and ACOX3), the expression of which has been shown to be dysregulated in some cancers. Very little is however known about the expression of this family of oxidases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ACOX2 has however been suggested to be elevated at the mRNA level in over 10% of NSCLC, and in the present study using both standard and bioinformatics approaches we show that expression of ACOX2 is significantly altered in NSCLC. ACOX2 mRNA expression is linked to a number of mutated genes, and associations between ACOX2 expression and tumour mutational burden and immune cell infiltration were explored. Links between ACOX2 expression and candidate therapies for oncogenic driver mutations such as KRAS were also identified. Furthermore, levels of acyl-CoA oxidases and other associated peroxisomal genes were explored to identify further links between the peroxisomal pathway and NSCLC. The results of this biomarker driven study suggest that ACOX2 may have potential clinical utility in the diagnosis, prognosis and stratification of patients into various therapeutically targetable options.
MeSH term(s)	Acyl-CoA Oxidase/genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics ; Coenzyme A ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Messenger ; Oxidoreductases (EC 1.-) ; ACOX2 protein, human (EC 1.17.99.3) ; ACOX3 protein, human (EC 1.3.3.6) ; Acyl-CoA Oxidase (EC 1.3.3.6) ; Coenzyme A (SAA04E81UX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059871-3
ISSN	1471-2466 ; 1471-2466
ISSN (online)	1471-2466
ISSN	1471-2466
DOI	10.1186/s12890-022-02115-7
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