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Article ; Online: Central amygdala contributes to stimulus facilitation and pre-stimulus vigilance during cerebellar learning.

Farley, Sean J / Freeman, John H

2024 Volume 211, Page(s) 107925

Abstract: Our previous studies found that the central amygdala (CeA) modulates cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning (EBC) using muscimol inactivation. We also found that CeA inactivation decreases cerebellar neuronal activity during the conditional stimulus ( ...

Abstract	Our previous studies found that the central amygdala (CeA) modulates cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning (EBC) using muscimol inactivation. We also found that CeA inactivation decreases cerebellar neuronal activity during the conditional stimulus (CS) from the start of training. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the CeA facilitates CS input to the cerebellum. The current study tested the CS facilitation hypothesis using optogenetic inhibition with archaerhodopsin (Arch) and excitation with channelrhodopsin (ChR2) of the CeA during EBC in male rats. Optogenetic manipulations were administered during the 400 ms tone CS or during a 400 ms pre-CS period. As predicted by the CS facilitation hypothesis CeA inhibition during the CS impaired EBC and CeA excitation during the CS facilitated EBC. Unexpectedly, CeA inhibition just prior to the CS also impaired EBC, while CeA excitation during the pre-CS pathway did not facilitate EBC. The results suggest that the CeA contributes to CS facilitation and vigilance during the pre-CS period. These putative functions of the CeA may be mediated through separate output pathways from the CeA to the cerebellum.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1223366-3
ISSN	1095-9564 ; 1074-7427
ISSN (online)	1095-9564
ISSN	1074-7427
DOI	10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107925
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Article ; Online: Dynamic Changes in Local Activity and Network Interactions among the Anterior Cingulate, Amygdala, and Cerebellum during Associative Learning.

Halverson, Hunter E / Kim, Jangjin / Freeman, John H

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

2023 Volume 43, Issue 49, Page(s) 8385–8402

Abstract: Communication between the cerebellum and forebrain structures is necessary for motor learning and has been implicated in a variety of cognitive functions. The exact nature of cerebellar-forebrain interactions supporting behavior and cognition is not ... ...

Abstract	Communication between the cerebellum and forebrain structures is necessary for motor learning and has been implicated in a variety of cognitive functions. The exact nature of cerebellar-forebrain interactions supporting behavior and cognition is not known. We examined how local and network activity support learning by simultaneously recording neural activity in the cerebellum, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex while male and female rats were trained in trace eyeblink conditioning. Initially, the cerebellum and forebrain signal the contingency between external stimuli through increases in theta power and synchrony. Neuronal activity driving expression of the learned response was observed in the cerebellum and became evident in the anterior cingulate and amygdala as learning progressed. Aligning neural activity to the training stimuli or learned response provided a way to differentiate between learning-related activity driven by different mechanisms. Stimulus and response-related increases in theta power and coherence were observed across all three areas throughout learning. However, increases in slow gamma power and coherence were only observed when oscillations were aligned to the cerebellum-driven learned response. Percentage of learned responses, learning-related local activity, and slow gamma communication from cerebellum to forebrain all progressively increased during training. The relatively fast frequency of slow gamma provides an ideal mechanism for the cerebellum to communicate learned temporal information to the forebrain. This cerebellar response-aligned slow gamma then provides enrichment of behavior-specific temporal information to local neuronal activity in the forebrain. These dynamic network interactions likely support a wide range of behaviors and cognitive tasks that require coordination between the forebrain and cerebellum.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Conditioning, Eyelid/physiology ; Cerebellum/physiology ; Conditioning, Classical/physiology ; Amygdala/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604637-x
ISSN	1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
ISSN (online)	1529-2401
ISSN	0270-6474
DOI	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0731-23.2023
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Book: Oxford handbook of developmental behavioral neuroscience

Blumberg, Mark S. / Freeman, John / Robinson, Scott R.

(Oxford library of neuroscience)

2010

Author's details	ed. by Mark S. Blumberg ; John H. Freeman ; Scott R. Robinson
Series title	Oxford library of neuroscience
Keywords	Neuropsychology / methods ; Brain / growth & development ; Human Development / physiology ; Mental Processes / physiology ; Systems Theory
Language	English
Size	XIV, 769 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 27 cm
Publisher	Oxford Univ. Press
Publishing place	Oxford u.a.
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references and index
HBZ-ID	HT016438924
ISBN	978-0-19-531473-1 ; 0-19-531473-5
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Article ; Online: Significance of atomic-scale defects in flexible surfaces on local solvent and ion behaviour.

Marinova, Veselina / Freeman, Colin L / Harding, John H

Faraday discussions

2022 Volume 235, Page(s) 289–306

Abstract: Many factors can affect the course of heterogeneous nucleation, such as surface chemistry, flexibility and topology, substrate concentration and solubility. Atomic-scale defects are rarely investigated in detail and are often considered to be unimportant ...

Abstract	Many factors can affect the course of heterogeneous nucleation, such as surface chemistry, flexibility and topology, substrate concentration and solubility. Atomic-scale defects are rarely investigated in detail and are often considered to be unimportant surface features. In this work, we set out to investigate the significance of atomic-scale defects in a flexible self-assembled monolayer surface for the behaviour of clusters of Ca
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1364-5498
ISSN (online)	1364-5498
DOI	10.1039/d1fd00082a
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Article ; Online: A general method for calculating solid/liquid interfacial free energies from atomistic simulations: Application to CaSO

Yeandel, Stephen R / Freeman, Colin L / Harding, John H

The Journal of chemical physics

2022 Volume 157, Issue 8, Page(s) 84117

Abstract: We present a general method for computing interfacial free energies from atomistic simulations, which is particularly suitable for solid/liquid interfaces. Our method uses an Einstein crystal as a universal reference state and is more flexible than ... ...

Abstract	We present a general method for computing interfacial free energies from atomistic simulations, which is particularly suitable for solid/liquid interfaces. Our method uses an Einstein crystal as a universal reference state and is more flexible than previous approaches. Surfaces with dipoles, complex reconstructions, and miscible species are all easily accommodated within the framework. It may also be extended to calculating the relative free energies of different phases and other types of defect. We have applied our method to interfaces of bassanite and gypsum with water and obtained interfacial free energies of the order of 0.12 J/m
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0095130
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Article ; Online: Dorsomedial striatum, but not dorsolateral striatum, is necessary for rat category learning.

Broschard, Matthew B / Kim, Jangjin / Love, Bradley C / Freeman, John H

Neurobiology of learning and memory

2023 Volume 199, Page(s) 107732

Abstract: Categorization is an adaptive cognitive function that allows us to generalize knowledge to novel situations. Converging evidence from neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies suggest that categorization is mediated by the basal ... ...

Abstract	Categorization is an adaptive cognitive function that allows us to generalize knowledge to novel situations. Converging evidence from neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies suggest that categorization is mediated by the basal ganglia; however, there is debate regarding the necessity of each subregion of the basal ganglia and their respective functions. The current experiment examined the roles of the dorsomedial striatum (DMS; homologous to the head of the caudate nucleus) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS; homologous to the body and tail of the caudate nucleus) in category learning by combining selective lesions with computational modeling. Using a touchscreen apparatus, rats were trained to categorize distributions of visual stimuli that varied along two continuous dimensions (i.e., spatial frequency and orientation). The tasks either required attention to one stimulus dimension (spatial frequency or orientation; 1D tasks) or both stimulus dimensions (spatial frequency and orientation; 2D tasks). Rats with NMDA lesions of the DMS were impaired on both the 1D tasks and 2D tasks, whereas rats with DLS lesions showed no impairments. The lesions did not affect performance on a discrimination task that had the same trial structure as the categorization tasks, suggesting that the category impairments effected processes relevant to categorization. Model simulations were conducted using a neural network to assess the effect of the DMS lesions on category learning. Together, the results suggest that the DMS is critical to map category representations to appropriate behavioral responses, whereas the DLS is not necessary for categorization.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Neostriatum/physiology ; Corpus Striatum/physiology ; Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223366-3
ISSN	1095-9564 ; 1074-7427
ISSN (online)	1095-9564
ISSN	1074-7427
DOI	10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107732
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Article ; Online: Knockdown of the Non-canonical Wnt Gene Prickle2 Leads to Cerebellar Purkinje Cell Abnormalities While Cerebellar-Mediated Behaviors Remain Intact.

Abbott, Parker W / Hardie, Jason B / Walsh, Kyle P / Nessler, Aaron J / Farley, Sean J / Freeman, John H / Wemmie, John A / Wendt, Linder / Kim, Young-Cho / Sowers, Levi P / Parker, Krystal L

Cerebellum (London, England)

2024

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) involve brain wide abnormalities that contribute to a constellation of symptoms including behavioral inflexibility, cognitive dysfunction, learning impairments, altered social interactions, and perceptive time difficulties. ...

Abstract	Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) involve brain wide abnormalities that contribute to a constellation of symptoms including behavioral inflexibility, cognitive dysfunction, learning impairments, altered social interactions, and perceptive time difficulties. Although a single genetic variation does not cause ASD, genetic variations such as one involving a non-canonical Wnt signaling gene, Prickle2, has been found in individuals with ASD. Previous work looking into phenotypes of Prickle2 knock-out (Prickle2
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2112586-7
ISSN	1473-4230 ; 1473-4222
ISSN (online)	1473-4230
ISSN	1473-4222
DOI	10.1007/s12311-023-01648-9
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Article ; Online: Refining the predictive value of preoperative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) by whole-tumor analysis for facial nerve outcomes in vestibular schwannomas.

Freeman, Lindsey M / Ung, Timothy H / Thompson, John A / Ovard, Olivia / Olson, Madeline / Hirt, Lisa / Hosokawa, Patrick / Thaker, Ashesh / Youssef, A Samy

Acta neurochirurgica

2024 Volume 166, Issue 1, Page(s) 168

Abstract: Background: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in MRI has been shown to correlate with postoperative House-Brackmann (HB) scores in patients with vestibular schwannoma despite limited methodology. To rectify limitations of single region of interest ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in MRI has been shown to correlate with postoperative House-Brackmann (HB) scores in patients with vestibular schwannoma despite limited methodology. To rectify limitations of single region of interest (ROI) sampling, we hypothesize that whole-tumor ADC histogram analysis will refine the predictive value of this preoperative biomarker related to postoperative facial nerve function. Methods: Of 155 patients who underwent resection of vestibular schwannoma (2014-2020), 125 patients were included with requisite clinical and radiographic data. After volumetric analysis and whole-tumor ADC histogram, regression tree analysis identified ADC cutoff for significant differences in HB grade. Outcomes were extent of resection, facial nerve function, hospital length of stay (LOS), and complications. Results: Regression tree analysis defined three quantitative ADC groups (× 10 Conclusions: Whole-tumor histogram yielded a robust regression tree analysis that defined three ADC groups with significantly different facial nerve outcomes. This likely reflects tumor heterogeneity better than solid-tumor ROI sampling. Whole-tumor ADC warrants further study as a useful radiographic biomarker in patients with vestibular schwannoma who are considering surgical resection.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neuroma, Acoustic/diagnostic imaging ; Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery ; Facial Nerve/diagnostic imaging ; Facial Nerve/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Biomarkers ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80010-7
ISSN	0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
ISSN (online)	0942-0940
ISSN	0001-6268
DOI	10.1007/s00701-024-06059-1
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Article ; Online: Prospective case study of critical decision making for horses referred for treatment of colic.

Burrell, Katie / Sutton-Walker, Georgina / England, Gasry C W / Burford, John H / Freeman, Sarah L

The Veterinary record

2023 , Page(s) e3615

Abstract: Background: There is limited evidence on factors affecting critical decision making for horses with colic. This study's aim was to describe the assessment and decision making involved in horses referred for management of colic.: Methods: An in-depth ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is limited evidence on factors affecting critical decision making for horses with colic. This study's aim was to describe the assessment and decision making involved in horses referred for management of colic. Methods: An in-depth case analysis was used to document case presentation, decision making and outcomes for horses referred for colic to two UK equine veterinary practices over a 12-month period. The data recorded included previous history, presenting signs, response to treatment, case outcome and factors affecting decisions for further treatment or euthanasia. Results: Data were available for 60 cases: 55 were hospitalised for medical or surgical treatment and five horses were euthanased following initial assessment. The main factors affecting treatment decisions were severity of clinical signs (80%, 47/59), financial concerns (10%, 6/59) and ongoing health issues or previous history of colic (5%, 3/59). Factors associated with euthanasia decisions were postoperative complications (5/18), poor prognosis (4/18), deteriorating clinical signs (3/18) and financial concerns (3/18). Limitation: The limited study population may affect the extent to which the findings can be generalised. Conclusion: The severity of clinical signs was the key factor in treatment decision making. The main factors affecting euthanasia decisions were clinical deterioration, poor prognosis and financial constraints. These findings should be incorporated into clinical case recording to capture the multifactorial nature of decision making.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.3615
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Article ; Online: Amygdala central nucleus modulation of cerebellar learning in female rats.

Freeman, John H / Farley, Sean J / Pierson, Samantha R

Behavioral neuroscience

2021 Volume 135, Issue 3, Page(s) 343–346

Abstract: Previous studies found that inactivation of the central amygdala (CeA) severely impaired acquisition of cerebellum-dependent delay eye-blink conditioning (EBC) in male rats and rabbits. Sex differences in EBC and the effects of stress on EBC have been ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies found that inactivation of the central amygdala (CeA) severely impaired acquisition of cerebellum-dependent delay eye-blink conditioning (EBC) in male rats and rabbits. Sex differences in EBC and the effects of stress on EBC have been reported and might be related to sex differences in amygdala modulation of cerebellar learning. The current study examined the effects of CeA inactivation with muscimol on acquisition and retention of EBC in female rats. Like male rats, CeA inactivation in female rats severely impaired EBC acquisition and retention. Comparison of the female data with previously published data from males indicates no substantive sex differences in the effects of CeA inactivation on acquisition or retention of EBC. The results indicate that amygdala modulation of cerebellar learning is not sex-specific. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus ; Cerebellum ; Conditioning, Eyelid ; Female ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans
Chemical Substances	Muscimol (2763-96-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	230159-3
ISSN	1939-0084 ; 0735-7044
ISSN (online)	1939-0084
ISSN	0735-7044
DOI	10.1037/bne0000441
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