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  1. Article ; Online: Editor transition at Neurobiology of Aging.

    Rapp, Peter R / Madden, David J

    Neurobiology of aging

    2023  Volume 124, Page(s) 51

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 604505-4
    ISSN 1558-1497 ; 0197-4580
    ISSN (online) 1558-1497
    ISSN 0197-4580
    DOI 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.01.009
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    Zs.A 1685: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Quantitative susceptibility mapping of brain iron in healthy aging and cognition.

    Madden, David J / Merenstein, Jenna L

    NeuroImage

    2023  Volume 282, Page(s) 120401

    Abstract: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can assess the magnetic properties of cerebral iron in vivo. Although brain iron is necessary for basic neurobiological functions, excess iron content disrupts ...

    Abstract Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can assess the magnetic properties of cerebral iron in vivo. Although brain iron is necessary for basic neurobiological functions, excess iron content disrupts homeostasis, leads to oxidative stress, and ultimately contributes to neurodegenerative disease. However, some degree of elevated brain iron is present even among healthy older adults. To better understand the topographical pattern of iron accumulation and its relation to cognitive aging, we conducted an integrative review of 47 QSM studies of healthy aging, with a focus on five distinct themes. The first two themes focused on age-related increases in iron accumulation in deep gray matter nuclei versus the cortex. The overall level of iron is higher in deep gray matter nuclei than in cortical regions. Deep gray matter nuclei vary with regard to age-related effects, which are most prominent in the putamen, and age-related deposition of iron is also observed in frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical regions during healthy aging. The third theme focused on the behavioral relevance of iron content and indicated that higher iron in both deep gray matter and cortical regions was related to decline in fluid (speed-dependent) cognition. A handful of multimodal studies, reviewed in the fourth theme, suggest that iron interacts with imaging measures of brain function, white matter degradation, and the accumulation of neuropathologies. The final theme concerning modifiers of brain iron pointed to potential roles of cardiovascular, dietary, and genetic factors. Although QSM is a relatively recent tool for assessing cerebral iron accumulation, it has significant promise for contributing new insights into healthy neurocognitive aging.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Iron/metabolism ; Healthy Aging ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Cognition ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Gray Matter/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120401
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  3. Article ; Online: Age-related differences in frontoparietal activation for target and distractor singletons during visual search.

    Merenstein, Jenna L / Mullin, Hollie A / Madden, David J

    Attention, perception & psychophysics

    2023  Volume 85, Issue 3, Page(s) 749–768

    Abstract: Age-related decline in visual search performance has been associated with different patterns of activation in frontoparietal regions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but whether these age-related effects represent specific influences ... ...

    Abstract Age-related decline in visual search performance has been associated with different patterns of activation in frontoparietal regions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but whether these age-related effects represent specific influences of target and distractor processing is unclear. Therefore, we acquired event-related fMRI data from 68 healthy, community-dwelling adults ages 18-78 years, during both conjunction (T/F target among rotated Ts and Fs) and feature (T/F target among Os) search. Some displays contained a color singleton that could correspond to either the target or a distractor. A diffusion decision analysis indicated age-related increases in sensorimotor response time across all task conditions, but an age-related decrease in the rate of evidence accumulation (drift rate) was specific to conjunction search. Moreover, the color singleton facilitated search performance when occurring as a target and disrupted performance when occurring as a distractor, but only during conjunction search, and these effects were independent of age. The fMRI data indicated that decreased search efficiency for conjunction relative to feature search was evident as widespread frontoparietal activation. Activation within the left insula mediated the age-related decrease in drift rate for conjunction search, whereas this relation in the FEF and parietal cortex was significant only for individuals younger than 30 or 44 years, respectively. Finally, distractor singletons were associated with significant parietal activation, whereas target singletons were associated with significant frontoparietal deactivation, and this latter effect increased with adult age. Age-related differences in frontoparietal activation therefore reflect both the overall efficiency of search and the enhancement from salient targets.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Attention/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Parietal Lobe/diagnostic imaging ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2464550-3
    ISSN 1943-393X ; 1943-3921
    ISSN (online) 1943-393X
    ISSN 1943-3921
    DOI 10.3758/s13414-022-02640-x
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  4. Article ; Online: Disaster Urbanization

    David J. Madden

    Sociologica, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 91-

    The City Between Crisis and Calamity

    2021  Volume 108

    Abstract: This paper asks what critical urban theory can add to the sociology of disasters. If the fundamental insight of disaster studies is that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster, the starting point for critical urban studies is that capitalist ... ...

    Abstract This paper asks what critical urban theory can add to the sociology of disasters. If the fundamental insight of disaster studies is that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster, the starting point for critical urban studies is that capitalist urbanization is a disaster waiting to happen. Disasters are promoted and inflected by the specific forms of crisis and vulnerability created by neoliberal urbanization. Disasters are also ways in which urban space is produced and remade, in a process that can be called disaster urbanization. A critical account of the relationship between contemporary urbanization and disaster can help us better understand the disaster-prone, unevenly urbanizing future.
    Keywords disasters ; urbanization ; crisis ; critical urban theory ; neoliberalization ; planetary urbanization ; vulnerability ; Social Sciences ; H ; Sociology (General) ; HM401-1281
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Bologna
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Cerebral White Matter Mediation of Age-Related Differences in Picture Naming Across Adulthood.

    Troutman, Sara B W / Madden, David J / Diaz, Michele T

    Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2022  Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 272–286

    Abstract: As people age, one of the most common complaints is difficulty with word retrieval. A wealth of behavioral research confirms such age-related language production deficits, yet the structural neural differences that relate to age-related language ... ...

    Abstract As people age, one of the most common complaints is difficulty with word retrieval. A wealth of behavioral research confirms such age-related language production deficits, yet the structural neural differences that relate to age-related language production deficits remains an open area of exploration. Therefore, the present study used a large sample of healthy adults across adulthood to investigate how age-related white matter differences in three key left-hemisphere language tracts may contribute to age-related differences in language ability. Specifically, we used diffusion tensor imaging to measure fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) which are indicators of white matter structure. We then used a series of path models to test whether white matter from the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and the frontal aslant tract (FAT) mediated age-related differences in one form of language production, picture naming. We found that FA, as well as RD from the SLF and FAT mediated the relation between age and picture naming performance, whereas a control tract (corticospinal) was not a mediator. Moreover, differences between mediation of picture naming and a control naming condition suggest that left SLF has a greater role in higher-order aspects of naming, such as semantic and lexical selection whereas left FAT is more sensitive to sensorimotor aspects of fluency or speech motor planning. These results suggest that dorsal white matter contributes to age-related differences in generating speech and may be particularly important in supporting word retrieval across adulthood.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2641-4368
    ISSN (online) 2641-4368
    DOI 10.1162/nol_a_00065
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  6. Article ; Online: Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) determines intestinal epithelial cell development and immunity.

    Wright, Austin P / Harris, Sydney / Madden, Shelby / Reyes, Bryan Ramirez / Mulamula, Ethan / Gibson, Alexis / Rauch, Isabella / Constant, David A / Nice, Timothy J

    Mucosal immunology

    2024  

    Abstract: Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses to interferon (IFN) favor antiviral defense with minimal cytotoxicity, but IEC-specific factors that regulate these responses remain poorly understood. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of nine ... ...

    Abstract Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses to interferon (IFN) favor antiviral defense with minimal cytotoxicity, but IEC-specific factors that regulate these responses remain poorly understood. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of nine related transcription factors, and IRF6 is preferentially expressed by epithelial cells, but its roles in IEC immunity are unknown. In this study, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) screens found that Irf6 deficiency enhanced IFN-stimulated antiviral responses in transformed mouse IECs but not macrophages. Furthermore, knockout (KO) of Irf6 in IEC organoids resulted in profound changes to homeostasis and immunity gene expression. Irf6 KO organoids grew more slowly, and single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing indicated reduced expression of genes in epithelial differentiation and immunity pathways. IFN-stimulated gene expression was also significantly different in Irf6 KO organoids, with increased expression of stress and apoptosis-associated genes. Functionally, the transcriptional changes in Irf6 KO organoids were associated with increased cytotoxicity upon IFN treatment or inflammasome activation. These data indicate a previously unappreciated role for IRF6 in IEC biology, including regulation of epithelial development and moderation of innate immune responses to minimize cytotoxicity and maintain barrier function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2411370-0
    ISSN 1935-3456 ; 1933-0219
    ISSN (online) 1935-3456
    ISSN 1933-0219
    DOI 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.03.013
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    Zs.A 6796: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Targeting Cx43 to Reduce the Severity of Pressure Ulcer Progression.

    Kwek, Milton Sheng Yi / Thangaveloo, Moogaambikai / Madden, Leigh E / Phillips, Anthony R J / Becker, David L

    Cells

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 24

    Abstract: In the skin, repeated incidents of ischemia followed by reperfusion can result in the breakdown of the skin and the formation of a pressure ulcer. Here we gently applied paired magnets to the backs of mice to cause ischemia for 1.5 h and then removed ... ...

    Abstract In the skin, repeated incidents of ischemia followed by reperfusion can result in the breakdown of the skin and the formation of a pressure ulcer. Here we gently applied paired magnets to the backs of mice to cause ischemia for 1.5 h and then removed them to allow reperfusion. The sterile inflammatory response generated within 4 h causes a stage 1 pressure ulcer with an elevation of the gap junction protein Cx43 in the epidermis. If this process is repeated the insult will result in a more severe stage 2 pressure ulcer with a breakdown of the epidermis 2-3 days later. After a single pinch, the elevation of Cx43 in the epidermis is associated with the inflammatory response with an increased number of neutrophils, HMGB1 (marker of necrosis) and RIP3 (responsible for necroptosis). Delivering Cx43 specific antisense oligonucleotides sub-dermally after a single insult, was able to significantly reduce the elevation of epidermal Cx43 protein expression and reduce the number of neutrophils and prevent the elevation of HMGB1 and RIP3. In a double pinch model, the Cx43 antisense treatment was able to reduce the level of inflammation, necroptosis, and the extent of tissue damage and progression to an open wound. This approach may be useful in reducing the progression of stage 1 pressure ulcers to stage 2.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Connexin 43/metabolism ; Pressure Ulcer ; HMGB1 Protein ; Connexins/metabolism ; Ischemia
    Chemical Substances Connexin 43 ; HMGB1 Protein ; Connexins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells12242856
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  8. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Chemical toxicity prediction

    Cronin, Mark T. D. / Madden, Judith C. / Enoch, Steven J. / Roberts, David W.

    category formation and read-across

    (Issues in toxicology ; 17)

    2013  

    Abstract: The aim of this book is to provide the scientific background to using the formation of chemical categories, or groups, of molecules to allow for read-across i.e. the prediction of toxicity from chemical structure. It covers the scientific basis for this ... ...

    Author's details Mark T. D. Cronin, Judith C. Madden, Steven J. Enoch, David W. Roberts, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
    Series title Issues in toxicology ; 17
    Collection
    Abstract The aim of this book is to provide the scientific background to using the formation of chemical categories, or groups, of molecules to allow for read-across i.e. the prediction of toxicity from chemical structure. It covers the scientific basis for this approach to toxicity prediction including the methods to group compounds (structural analogues and / or similarity, mechanism of action) and the tools to achieve this. The approaches to perform read-across within a chemical category are also described. The book will provide concise practical guidance for those wishing to apply these methods (in risk / hazard assessment) and will be illustrated with case studies. This is the first book that addresses the concept of category formation and read-across for toxicity prediction specifically. This topic has really taken off in the past few years due to concerns over dealing with the REACH legislation and also due to the availability of the OECD (Q)SAR Toolbox. Much (lengthy and complex) guidance is available on category formation e.g. from the OECD and, to a lesser extent, the European Chemicals Agency but there is no one single source of information that covers all techniques in a concise user-friendly format
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 191 Seiten), illustrations
    Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
    Publishing place Cambridge
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index ; Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2013]
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT019066955
    ISBN 978-1-84973-440-0 ; 978-1-84973-384-7 ; 1-84973-440-2 ; 1-84973-384-8
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  9. Article: Metabolic flux regulates growth transitions and antibiotic tolerance in uropathogenic

    Morrison, Josiah J / Banas, Daniel A / Madden, Ellen K / DiBiasio, Eric C / Rowley, David C / Cohen, Paul S / Camberg, Jodi L

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Reducing growth and limiting metabolism are strategies that allow bacteria to survive exposure to environmental stress and antibiotics. During infection, ... ...

    Abstract Reducing growth and limiting metabolism are strategies that allow bacteria to survive exposure to environmental stress and antibiotics. During infection, uropathogenic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.09.540013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: High-resolution multi-shot diffusion imaging of structural networks in healthy neurocognitive aging.

    Merenstein, Jenna L / Zhao, Jiayi / Mullin, Hollie A / Rudolph, Marc D / Song, Allen W / Madden, David J

    NeuroImage

    2023  Volume 275, Page(s) 120191

    Abstract: Healthy neurocognitive aging has been associated with the microstructural degradation of white matter pathways that connect distributed gray matter regions, assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). However, the relatively low spatial resolution of ... ...

    Abstract Healthy neurocognitive aging has been associated with the microstructural degradation of white matter pathways that connect distributed gray matter regions, assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). However, the relatively low spatial resolution of standard DWI has limited the examination of age-related differences in the properties of smaller, tightly curved white matter fibers, as well as the relatively more complex microstructure of gray matter. Here, we capitalize on high-resolution multi-shot DWI, which allows spatial resolutions < 1 mm
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Healthy Aging ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Cognition ; Brain/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120191
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