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Article ; Online: Study protocol: behaviour change intervention to promote healthy diet and physical activity in overweight/obese adults with diabetes attending health care facilities in Muscat: a cluster rendomised control trial.

Al Ghafri, Thamra / Anwar, Huda / Al Hinai, Eiman / Al Harthi, Thuraya / Al Jufaili, Fathiya / Al Siyabi, Reyadh / Al Harthi, Shamsa / Al Hasani, Said / Al Harthi, Mohammed / Al Harthi, Saud

BMC public health

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1529

Abstract: Background: Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component ... ...

Abstract	Background: Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention in promoting physical activity (PA) and healthy diet and its implications on body mass index and glycemic control in adults with diabetes attending primary care. Methods: A one year 1:1 cluster randomized controlled trial will be utilized to compare the use of phone consultations, a multi component interactive phone application and pedometers with the usual diabetes care on promoting PA and healthy diet. Participants will be screened for inactivity and should be T2D, aged18-65 years, and overweight or obese. Eight primary centers will be randomly selected in each arm (n = 375). The primary outcome is the between arms differences in PA and diet scores, BMI and HbA1c over 12 months from baseline. Additionally, secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular outcomes (BP, and lipids). The trial has received ethical approval from the Omani Research and Ethical Review and Approval Committee. All eligible participants will be invited to their respected health centers to provide informed consent. Discussion: This study will contribute to the integration of healthy lifestyle approach using artificial intelligence to primary diabetes care. Results from this study will be disseminated through workshops, policy briefs, and peer-reviewed publications, local and international conferences. Trial registration: Trial registration number ISRCTN71889430 . Date applied: 28/11/2020. Date assigned: 01/12/2020.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Artificial Intelligence ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy ; Diet, Healthy ; Exercise ; Humans ; Obesity ; Oman ; Overweight/therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-021-11549-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Hyperprolactinemia in Adults Treated With Anti-psychotic Drugs Attending Tertiary Hospitals in Oman: An Observational Study.

Al Harthi, Mohamed S / Al Ghafri, Thamra S / Al Wasify, Loai / Al Akhzami, Salma / AlHarthi, Ahmed / Al Harthi, Saud / Al Sibani, Nasser

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e21532

Abstract: ... in adult patients admitted to Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) and Al Masarra hospital (AMH ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hyperprolactinemia is a common side effect associated with the use of anti-psychotic medications. This study aimed at exploring the rate of hyperprolactinemia induced by anti-psychotic drugs in adult patients admitted to Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) and Al Masarra hospital (AMH). Additionally, factors associated with higher prolactin levels in anti-psychotic patients were explored. Methods: Bespoke XL sheets on age, gender, region (place of stay), BMI, diagnosis, type of drugs, dose, symptoms, and prolactin levels were recorded from the existing health information system. All adult patients who were on anti-psychotic medication between January 2016 and June 2019 were included. Patients diagnosed with pre-existing endocrine conditions, pregnant females, and those with high prolactin levels at baseline were excluded. Results: A total of 1103 cases were included in this study of which 34.1% were from the SQUH vs 65.9% from AMH. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 35.6 (12.1), 56.7% were females and 58.7% cases were from Muscat. The common diagnoses were schizophrenia (59.3%) and bipolar affective disorder (14.7%). High prolactin levels existed in 68.3% of the cases from which 59.6% were treated with atypical anti-psychotic drugs. The proportion of cases with high prolactin levels in AMH was significantly different (higher) compared to cases in SQUH (76.9% vs 51.6%, P<0.001). The most common symptoms were painful breasts (55.2%), galactorrhoea (10.5%), amenorrhea (14.3%) and irregular periods (20.0%). Type of drugs used [haloperidol (typical) vs risperidone (atypical) anti-psychotics (P<0.001)], older vs younger age (P=0.03), and presence vs absence of symptoms (P<0.001) were predictors for the high prolactin levels. Conclusion: Similar to evidence from the west, results from this study showed a high rate of hyperprolactinemia in adults treated with anti-psychotics. More work is required to standardize anti-psychotic management and monitoring guidelines for psychotic patients across all psychiatric hospitals in Oman.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.21532
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Article ; Online: Study protocol

Thamra Al Ghafri / Huda Anwar / Eiman Al Hinai / Thuraya Al Harthi / Fathiya Al Jufaili / Reyadh Al Siyabi / Shamsa Al Harthi / Said Al Hasani / Mohammed Al Harthi / Saud Al Harthi

BMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

behaviour change intervention to promote healthy diet and physical activity in overweight/obese adults with diabetes attending health care facilities in Muscat: a cluster rendomised control trial

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention in promoting physical activity (PA) and healthy diet and its implications on body mass index and glycemic control in adults with diabetes attending primary care. Methods A one year 1:1 cluster randomized controlled trial will be utilized to compare the use of phone consultations, a multi component interactive phone application and pedometers with the usual diabetes care on promoting PA and healthy diet. Participants will be screened for inactivity and should be T2D, aged18–65 years, and overweight or obese. Eight primary centers will be randomly selected in each arm (n = 375). The primary outcome is the between arms differences in PA and diet scores, BMI and HbA1c over 12 months from baseline. Additionally, secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular outcomes (BP, and lipids). The trial has received ethical approval from the Omani Research and Ethical Review and Approval Committee. All eligible participants will be invited to their respected health centers to provide informed consent. Discussion This study will contribute to the integration of healthy lifestyle approach using artificial intelligence to primary diabetes care. Results from this study will be disseminated through workshops, policy briefs, and peer-reviewed publications, local and international conferences. Trial registration Trial registration number ISRCTN71889430 . Date applied: 28/11/2020. Date assigned: 01/12/2020.
Keywords	Phone counselling ; Phone application ; Physical activity ; Healthy diet ; Type 2 diabetes ; Primary care ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	170
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Clinical Characteristics of Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 Admitted at Al Nahdha Hospital, Oman: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study.

Al Harthi, Saud / Al Osali, Magdi / Al Ismaili, Ruwaida / Al Lawati, Sultan / Kamble, Bina / Al Shaaibi, Mustafa / Al Kindi, Nasser / Al Qasabi, Salim / Alhinai, Mohammed / Al Harthi, Hamad / Al Ghafri, Thamra S

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) e17343

Abstract: ... outcomes of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Al Nahdha Hospital, Oman. Additionally, factors associated ...

Abstract	Background and objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public health emergency of international concern. Several characteristics of hospitalised cases, including variations in symptoms as well as radiological and laboratory findings, have been described. However, the exact clinical spectrum of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in Oman is currently unclear. The objective of this paper was to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, as well as the treatment and clinical outcomes of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Al Nahdha Hospital, Oman. Additionally, factors associated with the severity of the disease were identified. Methodology This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of hospitalised COVID-19 patients. The required data were retrieved from the electronic health information system for the period from 3rd March to 9th May 2020. Information was recorded in a bespoke sheet and exported to SPSS Statistics (IBM, Armonk, NY) for analysis. Results A total of 102 admissions were included in this study. The mean age of the cohort was 49.9 (14.7) years. The majority were males (77.5%), and more than half were expatriates (56.9%). Diabetes and hypertension were found in 39.2% and 36.3% of the study population, respectively. Common symptoms encountered were dry cough (78.3%), fever (76.5%), and shortness of breath (SOB) (69.6%). Radiologically, bilateral infiltrations were present in 73.5% of the patients. Only 19 cases required critical care (18.6%), and those were mostly older [54.1 (13.4) years], males (89.5%), and non-nationals (63.2%). Significant factors associated with requiring critical care were symptoms of SOB (89.5% vs 65.1%, p=0.03), diabetes (68.4% vs 32.5%, OR=1.5, p=0.004), chronic artery disease (15.8% vs 3.6%, OR=1.7, p=0.04), and diagnosis of acute respiratory distress symptoms (63.2% vs 6.0%, p<0.001). Additionally, the mean ferritin levels were significantly higher in cases requiring critical care [2350.4 (423.8) vs 795.7 (554.3), p=0.005]. Depending on disease severity, the treatment included antibacterials, antivirals, heparin, and steroids. The utilisation of steroids was significantly higher in the cases requiring critical care (63.2% vs 26.5%, p=0.001). Among cases that required critical care (n=19), nine died (death rate=47.4%). Conclusions This study has provided fundamental information about the clinical characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Oman, including factors associated with the disease's severity. Results from this study can be utilised to update the COVID-19 management guidelines for hospitalised patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.17343
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Article ; Online: Characteristics of the First 102 Severe COVID-19 Cases Treated With Convalescent Plasma or Tocilizumab or Both in Al-Nahdha Hospital, Oman.

Al Harthi, Saud / Osali, Magdi Al / Kindi, Nasser Al / Kharusi, Zahir Al / Qasabi, Salim Al / Hinai, Mohamed Al / Ghafri, Thamra Al

Health services research and managerial epidemiology

2021 Volume 8, Page(s) 2333392820986639

Abstract: ... with Convalescent Plasma (CP) therapy or Tocilizumab or both at Al-Nahdha hospital in Muscat, Oman. Additionally ... of all the positive cases in Al-Nahdha hospital were retrieved from the electronic health information system ... from this study provided baseline information about the characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Al-Nahdha ...

Abstract	Background: In the absence of an effective vaccine, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to cause more deaths. Evidence on the effectiveness of various COVID-19 management plans is inconclusive. This paper describes the characteristics of the first 102 severe COVID-19 in-patients treated with Convalescent Plasma (CP) therapy or Tocilizumab or both at Al-Nahdha hospital in Muscat, Oman. Additionally, differences in requiring critical care were explored across the treatment groups. Methods: Data of all the positive cases in Al-Nahdha hospital were retrieved from the electronic health information system retrospectively from April 1st to July 31st 2020. The required information was recorded in a bespoke sheet and exported to SPSS for further analysis. The primary outcome was defined as improved (discharged home) vs worsening (requiring critical care). Results: Out of the 102 severe cases of COVID-19 admissions, 20.6%, 59.8% and 20.6% received CP, Tocilizumab and both respectively. In average, CP was introduced at day 3.7(4.8) whereas Tocilizumab at day 7.8(5.1) from admission. The between-group differences in the proportion of patient who improved vs worsened were not significant ( Conclusions: Results from this study provided baseline information about the characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Al-Nahdha hospital who received CP, Tocilizumab or both. Results obtained seems to be promising in preventing critical care, especially for Tocilizumab. However, further randomized studies are needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2805732-6
ISSN	2333-3928 ; 2333-3928
ISSN (online)	2333-3928
ISSN	2333-3928
DOI	10.1177/2333392820986639
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Article ; Online: Changes in Self-Efficacy and Social Support after an Intervention to Increase Physical Activity Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Oman: A 12-month follow-up of the MOVEdiabetes trial.

Al-Ghafri, Thamra S / Al-Harthi, Saud / Al-Farsi, Yahya / Craigie, Angela M / Bannerman, Elaine / Anderson, Annie S

Sultan Qaboos University medical journal

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) e42–e49

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to describe changes in self-efficacy (SE) and social support (SS) 12 months after the MOVEdiabetes trial, an intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Oman.: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to describe changes in self-efficacy (SE) and social support (SS) 12 months after the MOVEdiabetes trial, an intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Oman. Methods: The original MOVEdiabetes trial was conducted between April 2016 and June 2017 in Muscat, Oman. The intervention group (IG) received personalised PA consultations, pedometers and monthly messages using a web-based application, while the comparison group received usual care. Self-reported SE and SS from family and friends were assessed using validated psychosocial scales. Results: Of the 232 original participants in the trial, a total of 174 completed the 12 months follow-up study period (response rate: 75%). However, based on intention-to-treat analysis with several imputation procedures for missing data at 3 and/or 12 months, there was a significant increase in SE scores in the IG (+10.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.1-13.5; Conclusion: The PA intervention was associated with positive changes in SE and SS from friends. However, further tools for assessing psychosocial influences on PA are needed in Arab countries.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy ; Exercise ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oman ; Primary Health Care/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Efficacy ; Self-Management ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-15
Publishing country	Oman
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2650196-X
ISSN	2075-0528 ; 2075-0528
ISSN (online)	2075-0528
ISSN	2075-0528
DOI	10.18295/squmj.2021.21.01.006
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Article ; Online: The magnitude and effect of work-life imbalance on cognition and affective range among the non-western population: A study from Muscat.

Al-Adawi, Samir / Alameddine, Mohamad / Al-Saadoon, Muna / Al Balushi, Amal A / Chan, Moon Fai / Bou-Karroum, Karen / Al-Kindy, Hamad / Al-Harthi, Saud M

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) e0263608

Abstract: The temporal relationship between work-life balance/imbalance, occupational burnout, and poor mental health outcomes have been widely explored. Little has been forthcoming on cognitive functioning among those with work-life imbalance. This study aimed to ...

Abstract	The temporal relationship between work-life balance/imbalance, occupational burnout, and poor mental health outcomes have been widely explored. Little has been forthcoming on cognitive functioning among those with work-life imbalance. This study aimed to explore the rate of work-life imbalance and the variation in neuropsychological functioning. The relationship between affective ranges (anxiety and depressive symptoms) and work-life balance was also explored. The target population in this study are Omani nationals who were referred for psychometric evaluation. The study employs neuropsychology measures tapping into attention and concentration, learning and remembering, processing speed, and executive functioning. Subjective measures of cognitive decline and affective ranges were also explored. A total of 168 subjects (75.3% of the responders) were considered to be at a work-life imbalance. Multivariate analysis showed that demographic and neuropsychological variables were significant risk factors for work-life imbalance including age and the presence of anxiety disorder. Furthermore, participants indicating work-life imbalance were more likely to report cognitive decline on indices of attention, concentration, learning, and remembering. This study reveals that individuals with work-life imbalance might dent the integrity of cognition including attention and concentration, learning and remembering, executive functioning, and endorsed case-ness for anxiety.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders/physiopathology ; Attention ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Executive Function ; Female ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Oman/epidemiology ; Psychometrics ; Regression Analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Work-Life Balance ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0263608
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Article: Reporting at Least One Adverse Effect Post-COVID-19 Vaccination From Primary Health Care in Muscat.

Al Ghafri, Thamra S / Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Balushi, Zainab / Al Hinai, Fatma / Al Hasani, Said / Anwar, Huda / Al Lawati, Muna / Al Harthi, Saud

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) e17055

Abstract: Introduction Vaccinations against COVID-19 were licensed with limited testing assurances to the public triggering a widespread hesitancy around expected adverse reactions. Limited data was reported from Arabian Gulf countries on vaccine adverse effects. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Vaccinations against COVID-19 were licensed with limited testing assurances to the public triggering a widespread hesitancy around expected adverse reactions. Limited data was reported from Arabian Gulf countries on vaccine adverse effects. Objectives This study looked at the rate of reporting at least one side effect post-COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors (sociodemographic characteristics, clinical condition, and type of vaccines). Additionally, questions about safety and willingness to recommend them were included. Study design Phone interviews on post-COVID-19 vaccination adverse effects were utilized to record responses related to reporting at least one side effect post vaccinations across the studied variables. Data collection continued for two months (from 1
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.17055
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Article ; Online: Comparison between esomeprazole 20 mg Vs 40 mg as stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Al Sulaiman, Khalid / Al Aamer, Kholoud / Al Harthi, Alaa / Jaser, Saud / Al Anazi, Abdulrahman / Al Subaie, Sultan / Vishwakarma, Ramesh

Pharmacology research & perspectives

2020 Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) e00624

Abstract: Critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are at high risk of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to GI stress ulceration (SU). The major independent risk factors for the development of GI bleeding in the ICUs include ... ...

Abstract	Critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are at high risk of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to GI stress ulceration (SU). The major independent risk factors for the development of GI bleeding in the ICUs include mechanical ventilation (MV) and coagulopathy. There is no enough evidence regarding the most appropriate dosing of esomeprazole as stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients. This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh between January and December 2018 to determine the efficacy and safety of two different regimens of esomeprazole (20 vs 40 mg) as SUP in critically ill patients with major risk factors of GI stress ulceration. A total of 1864 patients were reviewed, 387 patients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled. The propensity score was used to adjust for clinically and statistically relevant variables. We considered a P value of <.05 as statistically significant. 49 patients (12.6%) had received Esomeprazole 20 mg during the study period. Compared with Esomeprazole 20 mg, Esomeprazole 40 mg was not superior in GI bleeding prevention (aOR 2.611, 95% CI 0.343-20.247, P = .356). In addition, neither ICU C. difficle, ICU mortality within 30 days, ICU LOS, hospital LOS, ICU re-admission within 6 months, RBCs transfusion, nor platelets transfusion requirements were significant. On the other hand, Esomeprazole 40 mg was statistically associated with Enterobacteriaceae, Pneumonia, and longer MV duration.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Ulcer Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Ulcer Agents/adverse effects ; Cohort Studies ; Critical Illness ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esomeprazole/administration & dosage ; Esomeprazole/adverse effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/prevention & control ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer/prevention & control ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Anti-Ulcer Agents ; Proton Pump Inhibitors ; Esomeprazole (N3PA6559FT)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2740389-0
ISSN	2052-1707 ; 2052-1707
ISSN (online)	2052-1707
ISSN	2052-1707
DOI	10.1002/prp2.624
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Article: Perceived Changes in General Well-being: Findings from the 'MOVEdiabetes' Physical Activity Randomized Control Trial.

Al-Ghafri, Thamra S / Al-Harthi, Saud M / Al-Farsi, Yahya / Craigie, Angela M / Bannerman, Elaine / Anderson, Annie S

Oman medical journal

2020 Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) e149

Abstract: Objectives: Studies have consistently reported the health benefits of physical activity (PA) in diabetes care. Our study aimed to explore perceptions of general well-being in participants of the 'MOVEdiabetes' intervention aimed at increasing PA in ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Studies have consistently reported the health benefits of physical activity (PA) in diabetes care. Our study aimed to explore perceptions of general well-being in participants of the 'MOVEdiabetes' intervention aimed at increasing PA in adults with type 2 diabetes in Oman. Methods: 'MOVEdiabetes' is a cluster-randomized study where participants in the intervention group (IG) received PA consultations, pedometers, and WhatsApp messages versus the usual care in the control group (CG). At baseline and 12 months, perceptions on well-being were assessed using an English translated to Arabic 13-item questionnaire. Between groups differences in responses were compared using chi-squared tests. Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to explore associations between changes in responses and self-reported PA levels (metabolic equivalent of task.min/week). Results: Of the 232 participants in the 'MOVEdiabetes' study, 75.0% completed the study. Overall, findings indicate a positive effect of the intervention on perceived general health, sleep, mental health, pain, and responses to quality of life. For the IG and CG, significant associations were shown between changes in self-reported PA and general health (r = 0.70 and 0.36, Conclusions: The intervention has a positive effect on many parameters of well-being. Further studies are needed to identify robust tools to measure associations between well-being and PA in culturally bounded Arabic speaking countries.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-20
Publishing country	Oman
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2571431-4
ISSN	2070-5204 ; 1999-768X
ISSN (online)	2070-5204
ISSN	1999-768X
DOI	10.5001/omj.2020.68
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