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  1. Article: Challenges in the humanized mouse model for cancer: A commentary.

    Ramirez-Salazar, Eric / Herlyn, Meenhard / Somasundaram, Rajasekharan

    Journal of cancer biology

    2022  Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 42–43

    Abstract: The complexity of the tumor microenvironment has been a challenge for understanding the mechanisms of therapy resistance. The development of improved animal models that closely mimic human disease is key for understanding and treating diseases. Recently, ...

    Abstract The complexity of the tumor microenvironment has been a challenge for understanding the mechanisms of therapy resistance. The development of improved animal models that closely mimic human disease is key for understanding and treating diseases. Recently, a new humanized mouse model has been developed that enables the study of human immune cells in tumor host-cell interactions. In this commentary we highlight the critical aspects of mast cells in immune therapy resistance. These mast cells release cytokines that downmodulate HLA class I on the malignant cells making them inaccessible the cytotoxic activity of T cells.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    DOI 10.46439/cancerbiology.2.022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Pre-clinical modeling of cutaneous melanoma

    Vito W. Rebecca / Rajasekharan Somasundaram / Meenhard Herlyn

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Despite the new targeted and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, several patients show therapeutic plateau. Here, the authors review the current pre-clinical models of cutaneous melanoma and discuss their strengths and limitations that may help with ...

    Abstract Despite the new targeted and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, several patients show therapeutic plateau. Here, the authors review the current pre-clinical models of cutaneous melanoma and discuss their strengths and limitations that may help with overcoming therapeutic plateau.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Pre-clinical modeling of cutaneous melanoma

    Vito W. Rebecca / Rajasekharan Somasundaram / Meenhard Herlyn

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Despite the new targeted and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, several patients show therapeutic plateau. Here, the authors review the current pre-clinical models of cutaneous melanoma and discuss their strengths and limitations that may help with ...

    Abstract Despite the new targeted and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, several patients show therapeutic plateau. Here, the authors review the current pre-clinical models of cutaneous melanoma and discuss their strengths and limitations that may help with overcoming therapeutic plateau.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Pre-clinical modeling of cutaneous melanoma.

    Rebecca, Vito W / Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    Nature communications

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2858

    Abstract: Metastatic melanoma is challenging to manage. Although targeted- and immune therapies have extended survival, most patients experience therapy resistance. The adaptability of melanoma cells in nutrient- and therapeutically-challenged environments ... ...

    Abstract Metastatic melanoma is challenging to manage. Although targeted- and immune therapies have extended survival, most patients experience therapy resistance. The adaptability of melanoma cells in nutrient- and therapeutically-challenged environments distinguishes melanoma as an ideal model for investigating therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the current available repertoire of melanoma models including two- and three-dimensional tissue cultures, organoids, genetically engineered mice and patient-derived xenograft. In particular, we highlight how each system recapitulates different features of melanoma adaptability and can be used to better understand melanoma development, progression and therapy resistance.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antinematodal Agents/pharmacology ; Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor/antagonists & inhibitors ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Melanoma/genetics ; Melanoma/immunology ; Melanoma/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Organoids ; Skin/cytology ; Skin/immunology ; Skin/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics ; Skin Neoplasms/immunology ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Spheroids, Cellular ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
    Chemical Substances Antinematodal Agents ; Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-15546-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab for the treatment of melanoma.

    Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    Expert review of anticancer therapy

    2015  Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) 1135–1141

    Abstract: Melanoma patients develop resistance to most therapies, including chemo- and targeted-therapy drugs. Single-agent therapies are ineffective due to the heterogeneous nature of tumors comprising several subpopulations. Treatment of melanoma with immune- ... ...

    Abstract Melanoma patients develop resistance to most therapies, including chemo- and targeted-therapy drugs. Single-agent therapies are ineffective due to the heterogeneous nature of tumors comprising several subpopulations. Treatment of melanoma with immune-based therapies such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation-4 and anti-programmed death-1 antibodies has shown modest but long-lasting responses. Unfortunately, only subsets of melanoma patients respond to antibody-based therapies. Heterogeneity in lymphocyte infiltration and low frequency of anti-melanoma-reactive T-cells in tumor lesions are partly responsible for a lack of response to antibody-based therapies. Both antibodies have same biological function but they bind to different ligands at various phases of T-cell activity. Thus, combination therapy of antibodies has shown superior response rates than single-agent therapy. However, toxicity is a cause of concern in these therapies. Future identification of therapy-response biomarkers, mobilization of tumor-reactive T-cell infiltration using cancer vaccines, or non-specific targeted-therapy drugs will minimize toxicity levels and provide long-term remissions in melanoma patients.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Ipilimumab ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Melanoma/pathology ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Nivolumab ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Ipilimumab ; Nivolumab (31YO63LBSN)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2112544-2
    ISSN 1744-8328 ; 1473-7140
    ISSN (online) 1744-8328
    ISSN 1473-7140
    DOI 10.1586/14737140.2015.1093418
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Indomethacin to the rescue of TRAIL-resistant melanomas.

    Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    The Journal of investigative dermatology

    2014  Volume 134, Issue 5, Page(s) 1198–1199

    Abstract: Patients with melanomas develop resistance to both conventional- and targeted-therapy drugs. Promising clinical responses with immune checkpoint reagents have resulted in renewed interest in the use of biological therapies, although only subsets of ... ...

    Abstract Patients with melanomas develop resistance to both conventional- and targeted-therapy drugs. Promising clinical responses with immune checkpoint reagents have resulted in renewed interest in the use of biological therapies, although only subsets of individuals are known to respond to these reagents. Tse et al. now report on the use of indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug, to sensitize therapy-resistant melanoma cells.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/metabolism ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Survivin ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
    Chemical Substances BIRC5 protein, human ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Survivin ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; TNFRSF10B protein, human ; TNFSF10 protein, human ; Indomethacin (XXE1CET956)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80136-7
    ISSN 1523-1747 ; 0022-202X
    ISSN (online) 1523-1747
    ISSN 0022-202X
    DOI 10.1038/jid.2014.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Relapse of melanoma after successful adoptive T-cell therapy: escape through inflammation-induced phenotypic melanoma cell plasticity.

    Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2013  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 2–4

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Inflammation/pathology ; Melanoma/immunology ; Melanoma/pathology ; Melanoma/therapy ; Mice ; Phenotype ; Recurrence ; Skin Neoplasms/immunology ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    DOI 10.1111/pcmr.12038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The role of tumor microenvironment in melanoma therapy resistance.

    Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard / Wagner, Stephan N

    Melanoma management

    2016  Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–32

    Abstract: Melanoma patients develop resistance to both chemotherapy and targeted-therapy drugs. Promising preclinical and clinical results with immune checkpoint inhibitors using antibodies directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and ... ...

    Abstract Melanoma patients develop resistance to both chemotherapy and targeted-therapy drugs. Promising preclinical and clinical results with immune checkpoint inhibitors using antibodies directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and programmed cell death protein 1 have re-energized the field of immune-based therapies in melanoma. However, similar to chemotherapy or targeted therapies, immune checkpoint blockade responds in only subsets of melanoma patients. A number of factors, including gene mutations, altered cell-signaling pathways and tumor heterogeneity can contribute to therapy resistance. Recent studies have highlighted the role of inflammatory tumor microenvironment on therapy resistance of cancer cells. Cancer cells either alone or in conjunction with the tumor stroma can contribute to an inflammatory microenvironment. Multimodal approaches of targeting the tumor microenvironment, in addition to malignant cells, may be necessary for better therapy responses.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2786852-7
    ISSN 2045-0893 ; 2045-0893
    ISSN (online) 2045-0893
    ISSN 2045-0893
    DOI 10.2217/mmt.15.37
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Heterogeneity in Melanoma.

    Shannan, Batool / Perego, Michela / Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    Cancer treatment and research

    2016  Volume 167, Page(s) 1–15

    Abstract: Melanoma is among the most aggressive and therapy-resistant human cancers. While great strides in therapy have generated enthusiasm, many challenges remain. Heterogeneity is the most pressing issue for all types of therapy. This chapter summarizes the ... ...

    Abstract Melanoma is among the most aggressive and therapy-resistant human cancers. While great strides in therapy have generated enthusiasm, many challenges remain. Heterogeneity is the most pressing issue for all types of therapy. This chapter summarizes the clinical classification of melanoma, of which the research community now adds additional layers of classifications for better diagnosis and prediction of therapy response. As the search for new biomarkers increases, we expect that biomarker analyses will be essential for all clinical trials to better select patient populations for optimal therapy. While individualized therapy that is based on extensive biomarker analyses is an option, we expect in the future genetic and biologic biomarkers will allow grouping of melanomas in such a way that we can predict therapy outcome. At this time, tumor heterogeneity continues to be the major challenge leading inevitably to relapse. To address heterogeneity therapeutically, we need to develop complex therapies that eliminate the bulk of the tumor and, at the same time, the critical subpopulations.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Humans ; Melanoma/classification ; Melanoma/genetics ; Melanoma/pathology ; Melanoma/therapy
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 0927-3042
    ISSN 0927-3042
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Melanoma exosomes: messengers of metastasis.

    Somasundaram, Rajasekharan / Herlyn, Meenhard

    Nature medicine

    2012  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 853–854

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells/physiology ; Exosomes/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma/pathology ; Melanoma/secondary ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/physiology ; Stem Cells/physiology
    Chemical Substances Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type News ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1220066-9
    ISSN 1546-170X ; 1078-8956
    ISSN (online) 1546-170X
    ISSN 1078-8956
    DOI 10.1038/nm.2775
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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