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  1. Article: Lower Glycosylated Hemoglobin Is Associated With Lower In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis.

    Tsikala Vafea, Maria / Traboulsi, Cindy / Stefanovic-Racic, Maja

    Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 70–77

    Abstract: Objective: Poor glycemic control during COVID-19 hospitalization is associated with higher mortality. However, the association between long-term glycemic control, as reflected by the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and outcomes has yet to be clarified, ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Poor glycemic control during COVID-19 hospitalization is associated with higher mortality. However, the association between long-term glycemic control, as reflected by the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and outcomes has yet to be clarified, with some studies reporting no association. The aim of this study is to determine the association between HbA1c and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.
    Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies examining the association between HbA1c level and in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots.
    Results: Among 4142 results, 22 studies were included in the final analysis with a total of 11 220 patients. Lower Hba1c was associated with lower in-hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR), 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37-0.76; I2 81%], in using HbA1c as a dichotomous variable. When only patients with diabetes were included in the analysis, the association remained statistically significant (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.96). In the subgroup analysis, the association remained statistically significant in studies using as cutoff the HbA1c value of 6.5% (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.77) and 7% (OR, 0.54; 95% CI 0.32-0.90), but not with greater HbA1c cutoff values; 7.5% and ≥8%. In studies using HbA1C as a continuous variable, HbA1c level did not have a statistically significant association with in-hospital mortality, either in univariate or multivariate analyses.
    Conclusion: A better glycemic control prior to hospitalization, as reflected by lower HbA1c, is associated with lower in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/mortality ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis ; Hospital Mortality ; Hyperglycemia
    Chemical Substances Glycated Hemoglobin ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1473503-9
    ISSN 1530-891X
    ISSN 1530-891X
    DOI 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.09.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Corrigendum to 'Worse clinical outcomes in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis'.

    Tsikala-Vafea, Maria / Farmakiotis, Dimitrios

    International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

    2021  Volume 113, Page(s) 34–35

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-22
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 1331197-9
    ISSN 1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
    ISSN (online) 1878-3511
    ISSN 1201-9712
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.08.046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Fatal Mucormycosis and Aspergillosis in an Atypical Host: What Do We Know about Mixed Invasive Mold Infections?

    Tsikala-Vafea, Maria / Cao, Weibiao / Olszewski, Adam J / Donahue, John E / Farmakiotis, Dimitrios

    Case reports in infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 2020, Page(s) 8812528

    Abstract: ... corticosteroids, which may be an important risk factor for (M)IMI, based on the current and previous reports ... as risk factors for (M)IMIs, and noninvasive fungal diagnostics. ...

    Abstract Mixed invasive mold infections (MIMIs) are considered rare. We present a case of fatal aspergillosis and mucormycosis in an elderly host with history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and potential mold exposures. Notably, he had no classic risk factors for IMI other than high-dose corticosteroids, which may be an important risk factor for (M)IMI, based on the current and previous reports. There is an urgent need for studies on the "net state of immunosuppression," environmental exposure as risk factors for (M)IMIs, and noninvasive fungal diagnostics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-25
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2627642-2
    ISSN 2090-6633 ; 2090-6625
    ISSN (online) 2090-6633
    ISSN 2090-6625
    DOI 10.1155/2020/8812528
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Chest CT findings in asymptomatic cases with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Tsikala Vafea, M / Atalla, E / Kalligeros, M / Mylona, E K / Shehadeh, F / Mylonakis, E

    Clinical radiology

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 11, Page(s) 876.e33–876.e39

    Abstract: Aim: To determine the overall rate of chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases, describe the most common patterns found, and determine the rate of later symptom development in these initially asymptomatic cases.: Materials and methods: The PubMed ...

    Abstract Aim: To determine the overall rate of chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases, describe the most common patterns found, and determine the rate of later symptom development in these initially asymptomatic cases.
    Materials and methods: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched until 1 May 2020, for studies examining the proportion of positive chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases diagnosed with COVID-19 and a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I
    Results: Among 858 non-duplicate studies, seven studies with a total of 231 asymptomatic cases met the inclusion criteria. In the primary analysis, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of positive chest computed tomography (CT) findings among asymptomatic cases was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 44-78%). Among 155/231 cases that were followed up for later symptom development, 90/155 remained asymptomatic and 65/155 developed symptoms during the study period (that ranged between seven and 30 days of follow-up). The pooled estimate of the rate of positive chest CT findings was 62% (95% CI: 38-81%) in cases that remained asymptomatic, while it was 90% (95% CI: 49-99%) in cases that developed symptoms. Among CT findings, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of ground-glass opacities (GGO) at CT alone was 71% (95% CI: 50-86%). Among other CT findings reported, 22/231 patients had GGO with consolidation, 7/231 patients had stripe shadows with or without GGO, and 8/231 patients had GGO with interlobular septal thickening. Among initially asymptomatic cases with positive CT findings, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of later symptom development was 26% (95% CI: 14-43%).
    Conclusion: In COVID-19, asymptomatic cases can have positive chest CT findings, and COVID-19 should be considered among cases with CT abnormalities even when there are no other symptoms. There is a need for close clinical monitoring of asymptomatic cases with radiographic findings as a significant percentage will develop symptoms.
    MeSH term(s) Asymptomatic Diseases/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology ; Databases, Factual ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control/organization & administration ; Male ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology ; Radiography, Thoracic/methods ; Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Assessment ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/diagnostic imaging ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/physiopathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/statistics & numerical data
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 391227-9
    ISSN 1365-229X ; 0009-9260
    ISSN (online) 1365-229X
    ISSN 0009-9260
    DOI 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Chest CT findings in asymptomatic cases with COVID-19

    Tsikala Vafea, M. / Atalla, E. / Kalligeros, M. / Mylona, E.K. / Shehadeh, F. / Mylonakis, E.

    Clinical Radiology

    a systematic review and meta-analysis

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 11, Page(s) 876.e33–876.e39

    Keywords Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ; General Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 391227-9
    ISSN 1365-229X ; 0009-9260
    ISSN (online) 1365-229X
    ISSN 0009-9260
    DOI 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.025
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Chest CT findings in asymptomatic cases with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Tsikala Vafea, M / Atalla, E / Kalligeros, M / Mylona, E K / Shehadeh, F / Mylonakis, E

    Clin Radiol

    Abstract: AIM: To determine the overall rate of chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases, describe the most common patterns found, and determine the rate of later symptom development in these initially asymptomatic cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed and ... ...

    Abstract AIM: To determine the overall rate of chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases, describe the most common patterns found, and determine the rate of later symptom development in these initially asymptomatic cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched until 1 May 2020, for studies examining the proportion of positive chest imaging findings in asymptomatic cases diagnosed with COVID-19 and a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. RESULTS: Among 858 non-duplicate studies, seven studies with a total of 231 asymptomatic cases met the inclusion criteria. In the primary analysis, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of positive chest computed tomography (CT) findings among asymptomatic cases was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 44-78%). Among 155/231 cases that were followed up for later symptom development, 90/155 remained asymptomatic and 65/155 developed symptoms during the study period (that ranged between seven and 30 days of follow-up). The pooled estimate of the rate of positive chest CT findings was 62% (95% CI: 38-81%) in cases that remained asymptomatic, while it was 90% (95% CI: 49-99%) in cases that developed symptoms. Among CT findings, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of ground-glass opacities (GGO) at CT alone was 71% (95% CI: 50-86%). Among other CT findings reported, 22/231 patients had GGO with consolidation, 7/231 patients had stripe shadows with or without GGO, and 8/231 patients had GGO with interlobular septal thickening. Among initially asymptomatic cases with positive CT findings, the pooled estimate of the overall rate of later symptom development was 26% (95% CI: 14-43%). CONCLUSION: In COVID-19, asymptomatic cases can have positive chest CT findings, and COVID-19 should be considered among cases with CT abnormalities even when there are no other symptoms. There is a need for close clinical monitoring of asymptomatic cases with radiographic findings as a significant percentage will develop symptoms.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #708735
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article: Factors Associated With Enrollment into Inpatient Coronavirus Disease 2019 Randomized Controlled Trials: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

    Kaczynski, Matthew / Benitez, Gregorio / Mylona, Evangelia K / Tran, Quynh-Lam / Atalla, Eleftheria / Tsikala-Vafea, Maria / Kalagara, Saisanjana / Shehadeh, Fadi / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) ofad197

    Abstract: Background: Clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have struggled to achieve diverse patient enrollment, despite underrepresented groups bearing the largest burden of the disease and, presumably, being most in need of the treatments ... ...

    Abstract Background: Clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have struggled to achieve diverse patient enrollment, despite underrepresented groups bearing the largest burden of the disease and, presumably, being most in need of the treatments under investigation.
    Methods: To assess the willingness of patients to enroll into inpatient COVID-19 clinical trials when invited, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of adults hospitalized with COVID-19 who were approached regarding enrollment. Associations between patient and temporal factors and enrollment were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis.
    Results: A total of 926 patients were included in this analysis. Overall, Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity was associated with a nearly half-fold decrease in the likelihood to enroll (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .41-.88]). Greater baseline disease severity (aOR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.02-1.17]), age 40-64 years (aOR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.03-3.25]), and age ≥65 years (aOR, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.08-3.42]) were each independently associated with higher likelihood to enroll. Over the course of the pandemic, patients were less likely to enroll during the summer 2021 wave in COVID-19-related hospitalizations (aOR, 0.14 [95% CI, .10-.19]) compared with patients from the first wave in winter 2020.
    Conclusions: The decision to enroll into clinical trials is multifactorial. Amid a pandemic disproportionately affecting vulnerable groups, Hispanic/Latinx patients were less likely to participate when invited, whereas older adults were more likely. Future recruitment strategies must consider the nuanced perceptions and needs of diverse patient populations to ensure equitable trial participation that advances the quality of healthcare for all.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofad197
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.

    Tsikala Vafea, Maria / Zhang, Raina / Kalligeros, Markos / Mylona, Evangelia K / Shehadeh, Fadi / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

    Expert review of medical devices

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 457–471

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction
    MeSH term(s) Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives ; Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology ; Adenosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use ; Alanine/analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/pharmacology ; Alanine/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/mortality ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19/virology ; Humans ; Respiration, Artificial/mortality ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; remdesivir (3QKI37EEHE) ; Adenosine Monophosphate (415SHH325A) ; tocilizumab (I031V2H011) ; Alanine (OF5P57N2ZX)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2250857-0
    ISSN 1745-2422 ; 1743-4440
    ISSN (online) 1745-2422
    ISSN 1743-4440
    DOI 10.1080/17434440.2021.1915764
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Use of antibiotics is associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Tsikala-Vafea, Maria / Belani, Neel / Vieira, Kendra / Khan, Hina / Farmakiotis, Dimitrios

    International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

    2021  Volume 106, Page(s) 142–154

    Abstract: Objectives: Observational and experimental studies suggest that the use of antibiotics close to administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can have a negative effect on tumour response and patient survival, due to microbiome dysbiosis and the ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Observational and experimental studies suggest that the use of antibiotics close to administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can have a negative effect on tumour response and patient survival, due to microbiome dysbiosis and the resultant suppression of host immune response against neoplastic cells.
    Methods: A systematic search of PUBMED and EMBASE was undertaken for studies published between 1 January 2017 and 1 June 2020, evaluating the association between the use of antibiotics and clinical outcomes in patients with cancer treated with ICIs. A meta-analysis of the association between the use of antibiotics and clinical outcomes was also performed.
    Results: Forty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria (12,794 patients). Use of antibiotics was associated with shorter overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59-2.22; adjusted HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.55-2.25] and progression-free survival (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.36-1.70; adjusted HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.59-2.36), decreased response rate [odds ratio (OR) 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.86] and more disease progression (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.27-3.14). The negative association between the use of antibiotics and progression-free survival was stronger in patients with renal cell carcinoma or melanoma compared with lung cancer. Only antibiotic administration >1 month prior to ICI initiation was associated with increased disease progression. Heterogeneity was substantial for all outcomes.
    Conclusions: Recent use of antibiotics in patients with cancer treated with ICIs was associated with worse clinical outcomes. Such patients may benefit from dedicated antimicrobial stewardship programmes.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1331197-9
    ISSN 1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
    ISSN (online) 1878-3511
    ISSN 1201-9712
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A Pilot Trial of Thymalfasin (Thymosin-α-1) to Treat Hospitalized Patients With Hypoxemia and Lymphocytopenia Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.

    Shehadeh, Fadi / Benitez, Gregorio / Mylona, Evangelia K / Tran, Quynh-Lam / Tsikala-Vafea, Maria / Atalla, Eleftheria / Kaczynski, Matthew / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 227, Issue 2, Page(s) 226–235

    Abstract: Background: Thymosin-α-1 (Tα1) may be a treatment option for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but efficacy and safety data remain limited.: Methods: Prospective, open-label, randomized trial assessing preliminary efficacy and safety of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Thymosin-α-1 (Tα1) may be a treatment option for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but efficacy and safety data remain limited.
    Methods: Prospective, open-label, randomized trial assessing preliminary efficacy and safety of thymalfasin (synthetic form of Tα1), compared with the standard of care, among hospitalized patients with hypoxemia and lymphocytopenia due to COVID-19.
    Results: A total of 49 patients were included in this analysis. Compared with control patients, the incidence of clinical recovery was higher for treated patients with either baseline low-flow oxygen (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.48 [95% confidence interval, .68-3.25]) or baseline high-flow oxygen (1.28 [.35-4.63]), although neither difference was significant. Among patients with baseline low-flow oxygen, treated patients, compared with control patients, had an average difference of 3.84 times more CD4+ T cells on day 5 than on day 1 (P = .01). Nine serious adverse events among treated patients were deemed not related to Tα1.
    Conclusions: Tα1 increases CD4+ T-cell count among patients with baseline low-flow oxygen support faster than the standard of care and may have a role in the management of hospitalized patients with hypoxemia and lymphocytopenia due to COVID-19.
    Clinical trials registration: NCT04487444.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Thymalfasin/therapeutic use ; Thymosin/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/complications ; Pilot Projects ; Prospective Studies ; Lymphopenia ; Hypoxia/therapy ; Hypoxia/drug therapy ; Oxygen
    Chemical Substances Thymalfasin (W0B22ISQ1C) ; Thymosin (61512-21-8) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiac362
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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