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  1. Article: Dental care of disabled people: Descriptive cross-sectional study of social and medico-social establishments

    Bracconi, Marianne / Michault, Alain / Rey-Quinio, Catherine / Hvostoff, Cécile

    Sante publique (Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France)

    2023  Volume 35, Issue HS1, Page(s) 17–28

    Abstract: The first objective of this study, concerning the intervention of a dentist in social and medico-social establishments (SMSE), was to diagnose the oral care needs of disabled people (DP). The second objective was to raise awareness of a prevention and ... ...

    Title translation Suivi bucco-dentaire des personnes handicapées : étude transversale descriptive en établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux
    Abstract The first objective of this study, concerning the intervention of a dentist in social and medico-social establishments (SMSE), was to diagnose the oral care needs of disabled people (DP). The second objective was to raise awareness of a prevention and follow-up protocol among caregiving staff. We carried out this descriptive cross-sectional study from October 2016 to October 2018, in twenty SMSEs in Essonne. It involved a cohort of 663 volunteer DP, i.e., over 81 percent of the DP accommodated in these establishments. We analyzed DP’s oral hygiene and health indicators, as well as changes in professional practices following simulation workshops, using Pearson’s Chi-square test and Cramer’s test to assess the existence of relationships between variables and their intensity, respectively. Of the 96 percent of DP who accepted a full screening, three-quarters had dental plaque and two-thirds had gingival inflammation, these pathologies being more frequent in the over-20s (p< 0.001 | Cramer’s V=0.26). Only 14 percent had good oral health. Six months later, seventeen SMSEs had recorded dental check-ups in their medical records, and eight SMSEs had introduced brushing after dinner and breakfast, compared with ten and seven respectively before the intervention. This study confirmed the need for SMSEs to carry out dental screening. The involvement of establishments in monitoring the oral hygiene of DP must be strengthened.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene ; Toothbrushing ; Dental Care for Disabled ; Health Promotion
    Language French
    Publishing date 2023-12-01
    Publishing country France
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1465524-x
    ISSN 2104-3841 ; 0995-3914
    ISSN (online) 2104-3841
    ISSN 0995-3914
    DOI 10.3917/spub.hs1.2023.0017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Human papillomavirus genotyping on Reunion Island: A cross-sectional study of stored tissue samples.

    Tran, Phuong Lien / Zafindraibe, Norosoa / Ah-You, Nathalie / Fernandez, Carla / Arrivets, Pascaline / Gérardin, Patrick / Michault, Alain / Boukerrou, Malik / Bertolotti, Antoine

    European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology

    2020  Volume 252, Page(s) 294–299

    Abstract: Objective: We aim to illustrate and evaluate the prevalence and distribution pattern of cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes on La Réunion Island, a French overseas territory, with the aim to guide future vaccination policies.: Study design!# ...

    Abstract Objective: We aim to illustrate and evaluate the prevalence and distribution pattern of cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes on La Réunion Island, a French overseas territory, with the aim to guide future vaccination policies.
    Study design: Between January 2008 and July 2012, files of women undergoing gynaecological examination were retrospectively evaluated at the University Hospital, Reunion Island. Inclusion criteria required cervical biopsies with histopathological diagnosis of high-grade lesions or cancer and ASCUS Pap Smears (atypical squamous cells undetermined significance) results. The INNO-LIPA HPV Genotyping Extra® test was used for HPV genotyping.
    Results: A total of 401 ASCUS Pap Smears and 94 cervical biopsies were analyzed, of which 162 smears and 63 biopsies were HPV DNA positive (40.4 % and 67 % respectively). Detailed breakdowns of HPV genotype-specific distribution reported prevalence of HPV 16, 31, 33, 51 and 52. Of the 63 HPV-positive biopsies, 61 (96.8 %) contained at least one HPV genotype that is contained in the 9-valent HPV vaccine. The incremental preventable fraction of HPV infections that could have been added by the new 9-valent vaccine to the current bivalent vaccine was estimated at 26.2 %.
    Conclusions: Immunization with 9-valent vaccine should be effective, and in the long term, may reduce cervical cancer incidence in Reunion Island. Nevertheless, vaccination rates and coverage need to be maintained and improved.
    MeSH term(s) Alphapapillomavirus ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Reunion/epidemiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Vaginal Smears
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-02
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 190605-7
    ISSN 1872-7654 ; 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
    ISSN (online) 1872-7654
    ISSN 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.001
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  3. Article ; Online: The analysis of the geographical distribution of emergency departments' frequent users: a tool to prioritize public health policies?

    Hellmann, Romain / Feral-Pierssens, Anne-Laure / Michault, Alain / Casalino, Enrique / Ricard-Hibon, Agnès / Adnet, Frederic / Brun-Ney, Dominique / Bouzid, Donia / Menu, Axelle / Wargon, Mathias

    BMC public health

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1689

    Abstract: Background: The individual factors associated to Frequent Users (FUs) in Emergency Departments are well known. However, the characteristics of their geographical distribution and how territorial specificities are associated and intertwined with ED use ... ...

    Abstract Background: The individual factors associated to Frequent Users (FUs) in Emergency Departments are well known. However, the characteristics of their geographical distribution and how territorial specificities are associated and intertwined with ED use are limited. Investigating healthcare use and territorial factors would help targeting local health policies. We aim at describing the geographical distribution of ED's FUs within the Paris region.
    Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all ED visits in the Paris region in 2015. Data were collected from the universal health insurance's claims database. Frequent Users (FUs) were defined as having visited ≥3 times any ED of the region over the period. We assessed the FUs rate in each geographical unit (GU) and assessed correlations between FUs rate and socio-demographics and economic characteristics of GUs. We also performed a multidimensional analysis and a principal component analysis to identify a typology of territories to describe and target the FUs phenomenon.
    Results: FUs accounted for 278,687 (11.7%) of the 2,382,802 patients who visited the ED, living in 232 GUs. In the region, median FUs rate in each GU was 11.0% [interquartile range: 9.5-12.5]. High FUs rate was correlated to the territorial markers of social deprivation. Three different categories of GU were identified with different profiles of healthcare providers densities.
    Conclusion: FUs rate varies between territories and is correlated to territorial markers of social deprivation. Targeted public policies should focus on disadvantaged territories.
    MeSH term(s) Emergency Service, Hospital ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Public Policy ; Retrospective Studies ; Vulnerable Populations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-021-11682-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Chikungunya: first steps toward specific treatment and prophylaxis.

    Michault, Alain / Staikowsky, F

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2009  Volume 200, Issue 4, Page(s) 489–491

    MeSH term(s) Aedes/virology ; Alphavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Alphavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Alphavirus Infections/virology ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Chikungunya virus ; Humans ; Insect Vectors
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1086/600382
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Use of a New High Resolution Melting Method for Genotyping Pathogenic Leptospira spp.

    Naze, Florence / Desvars, Amélie / Picardeau, Mathieu / Bourhy, Pascale / Michault, Alain

    PloS one

    2015  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) e0127430

    Abstract: Background: Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that is endemic in tropical areas, such as Reunion Island. The species Leptospira interrogans is the primary agent in human infections, but other pathogenic species, such as L. kirschner and L. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that is endemic in tropical areas, such as Reunion Island. The species Leptospira interrogans is the primary agent in human infections, but other pathogenic species, such as L. kirschner and L. borgpetersenii, are also associated with human leptospirosis.
    Methods and findings: In this study, a melting curve analysis of the products that were amplified with the primer pairs lfb1 F/R and G1/G2 facilitated an accurate species classification of Leptospira reference strains. Next, we combined an unsupervised high resolution melting (HRM) method with a new statistical approach using primers to amplify a two variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) for typing at the subspecies level. The HRM analysis, which was performed with ScreenClust Software, enabled the identification of genotypes at the serovar level with high resolution power (Hunter-Gaston index 0.984). This method was also applied to Leptospira DNA from blood samples that were obtained from Reunion Island after 1998. We were able to identify a unique genotype that is identical to that of the L. interrogans serovars Copenhageni and Icterohaemorrhagiae, suggesting that this genotype is the major cause of leptospirosis on Reunion Island.
    Conclusions: Our simple, rapid, and robust genotyping method enables the identification of Leptospira strains at the species and subspecies levels and supports the direct genotyping of Leptospira in biological samples without requiring cultures.
    MeSH term(s) Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Bacterial/blood ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques/methods ; Humans ; Leptospira/genetics ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Software ; Species Specificity
    Chemical Substances DNA, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0127430
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Leptospirosis in the western Indian Ocean islands: what is known so far?

    Desvars, Amélie / Michault, Alain / Bourhy, Pascale

    Veterinary research

    2013  Volume 44, Page(s) 80

    Abstract: In the past decade, leptospirosis has emerged as a major zoonosis with a worldwide distribution. The disease is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The western Indian Ocean includes more than one hundred tropical or subequatorial islands where ... ...

    Abstract In the past decade, leptospirosis has emerged as a major zoonosis with a worldwide distribution. The disease is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The western Indian Ocean includes more than one hundred tropical or subequatorial islands where leptospirosis constitutes a major public health problem. The clinical signs of the human disease are generally similar to an influenza-like syndrome, but acute forms of the disease are reported and mortality remains significant in this region. In animals, clinical forms are mainly asymptomatic but leptospirosis reduces the fertility of livestock, resulting in economic losses. The data available about human and animal leptospirosis in the western Indian Ocean islands are diverse: human leptospirosis has been extensively studied in Reunion Island, Mayotte, and the Seychelles, whereas the human clinical disease has never been described in Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, or Rodrigues, mainly because of the deficiency in appropriate medical and diagnostic structures. The rat is recognized as the major reservoir host for the bacteria on all islands, but recent data from Reunion Island indicates that almost all mammals can be a source of contamination. The incidence of leptospirosis in humans is highly seasonal, and linked to the rainy season, which is favorable for the environmental maintenance and transmission of the bacteria. The epidemiology of leptospirosis is fully island-dependent, related to the number of mammalian species, the origins of the introduced mammalian species, the relationships between humans and fauna, and environmental as well as cultural and socio-economic factors.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Indian Ocean Islands/epidemiology ; Leptospira/genetics ; Leptospira/physiology ; Leptospirosis/epidemiology ; Leptospirosis/microbiology ; Leptospirosis/veterinary ; Mammals ; Molecular Epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1146298-x
    ISSN 1297-9716 ; 0928-4249
    ISSN (online) 1297-9716
    ISSN 0928-4249
    DOI 10.1186/1297-9716-44-80
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  7. Article ; Online: Emergence of Coxiella burnetii in ruminants on Reunion Island? Prevalence and risk factors.

    Cardinale, Eric / Esnault, Olivier / Beral, Marina / Naze, Florence / Michault, Alain

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2014  Volume 8, Issue 8, Page(s) e3055

    Abstract: Q fever is a widespread zoonosis that is caused by Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), and ruminants are identified as the main sources of human infections. Some human cases have been described, but very limited information was available about Q fever in ... ...

    Abstract Q fever is a widespread zoonosis that is caused by Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), and ruminants are identified as the main sources of human infections. Some human cases have been described, but very limited information was available about Q fever in ruminants on Reunion Island, a tropical island in the Indian Ocean. A cross-sectional study was undertaken from March 2011 to August 2012 to assess the Q fever prevalence and to identify the major risk factors of C. burnetii infection in ruminants. A total of 516 ruminants (245 cattle, 137 sheep and 134 goats) belonging to 71 farms and localized in different ecosystems of the island were randomly selected. Samples of blood, vaginal mucus and milk were concomitantly collected from females, and a questionnaire was submitted to the farmers. Ticks from positively detected farms were also collected. The overall seropositivity was 11.8% in cattle, 1.4% in sheep and 13.4% in goats. C. burnetii DNA was detected by PCR in 0.81%, 4.4% and 20.1% in cow, sheep and goat vaginal swabs, respectively. C. burnetii shedding in milk was observed in 1% of cows, 0% in sheep and 4.7% in goats. None of the ticks were detected to be positive for C. burnetii. C. burnetii infection increased when the farm was exposed to prevailing winds and when there were no specific precautions for a visitor before entering the farm, and they decreased when a proper quarantine was set up for any introduction of a new ruminant and when the animals returned to the farm at night. MLVA genotyping confirmed the role of these risk factors in infection.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle/microbiology ; Coxiella burnetii/genetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Goats/microbiology ; Prevalence ; Q Fever/epidemiology ; Q Fever/etiology ; Reunion ; Risk Factors ; Ruminants/microbiology ; Sheep/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2727
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003055
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The analysis of the geographical distribution of emergency departments’ frequent users

    Romain Hellmann / Anne-Laure Feral-Pierssens / Alain Michault / Enrique Casalino / Agnès Ricard-Hibon / Frederic Adnet / Dominique Brun-Ney / Donia Bouzid / Axelle Menu / Mathias Wargon

    BMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a tool to prioritize public health policies?

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Background The individual factors associated to Frequent Users (FUs) in Emergency Departments are well known. However, the characteristics of their geographical distribution and how territorial specificities are associated and intertwined with ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The individual factors associated to Frequent Users (FUs) in Emergency Departments are well known. However, the characteristics of their geographical distribution and how territorial specificities are associated and intertwined with ED use are limited. Investigating healthcare use and territorial factors would help targeting local health policies. We aim at describing the geographical distribution of ED’s FUs within the Paris region. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of all ED visits in the Paris region in 2015. Data were collected from the universal health insurance’s claims database. Frequent Users (FUs) were defined as having visited ≥3 times any ED of the region over the period. We assessed the FUs rate in each geographical unit (GU) and assessed correlations between FUs rate and socio-demographics and economic characteristics of GUs. We also performed a multidimensional analysis and a principal component analysis to identify a typology of territories to describe and target the FUs phenomenon. Results FUs accounted for 278,687 (11.7%) of the 2,382,802 patients who visited the ED, living in 232 GUs. In the region, median FUs rate in each GU was 11.0% [interquartile range: 9.5–12.5]. High FUs rate was correlated to the territorial markers of social deprivation. Three different categories of GU were identified with different profiles of healthcare providers densities. Conclusion FUs rate varies between territories and is correlated to territorial markers of social deprivation. Targeted public policies should focus on disadvantaged territories.
    Keywords Healthcare use ; Frequent users ; Access to care ; Health geography ; Emergency department ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Use of a New High Resolution Melting Method for Genotyping Pathogenic Leptospira spp.

    Florence Naze / Amélie Desvars / Mathieu Picardeau / Pascale Bourhy / Alain Michault

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 7, p e

    2015  Volume 0127430

    Abstract: Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that is endemic in tropical areas, such as Reunion Island. The species Leptospira interrogans is the primary agent in human infections, but other pathogenic species, such as L. kirschner and L. borgpetersenii, are ... ...

    Abstract Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that is endemic in tropical areas, such as Reunion Island. The species Leptospira interrogans is the primary agent in human infections, but other pathogenic species, such as L. kirschner and L. borgpetersenii, are also associated with human leptospirosis.In this study, a melting curve analysis of the products that were amplified with the primer pairs lfb1 F/R and G1/G2 facilitated an accurate species classification of Leptospira reference strains. Next, we combined an unsupervised high resolution melting (HRM) method with a new statistical approach using primers to amplify a two variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) for typing at the subspecies level. The HRM analysis, which was performed with ScreenClust Software, enabled the identification of genotypes at the serovar level with high resolution power (Hunter-Gaston index 0.984). This method was also applied to Leptospira DNA from blood samples that were obtained from Reunion Island after 1998. We were able to identify a unique genotype that is identical to that of the L. interrogans serovars Copenhageni and Icterohaemorrhagiae, suggesting that this genotype is the major cause of leptospirosis on Reunion Island.Our simple, rapid, and robust genotyping method enables the identification of Leptospira strains at the species and subspecies levels and supports the direct genotyping of Leptospira in biological samples without requiring cultures.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: (with research data) Has Madagascar lost its exceptional leptospirosis free-like status?

    Ratsitorahina, Maherisoa / Rahelinirina, Soanandrasana / Michault, Alain / Rajerison, Minoarisoa / Rajatonirina, Soatiana / Richard, Vincent

    PloS one

    2015  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) e0122683

    Abstract: Background: Leptospirosis is a widespread but underreported cause of morbidity and mortality. It has rarely been reported in either humans or animals in Madagascar.: Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the inhabitants in Moramanga, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Leptospirosis is a widespread but underreported cause of morbidity and mortality. It has rarely been reported in either humans or animals in Madagascar.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the inhabitants in Moramanga, Madagascar, in June 2011, to estimate the prevalence of human infection using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). This activity was carried out as part of a workshop implemented by the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, focusing on surveillance with a one week field study and targeting the health staff of the district level.
    Results: In total, we sampled 678 inhabitants from 263 households. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.65 and the mean age 26.7 years. We obtained a value of 2.9% for the first recorded seroprevalence of this disease in the human community of Moramanga. Questionnaire responses revealed frequent contacts between humans and rodents in Moramanga. However, activities involving cattle were identified as a risk factor significantly associated with seropositivity (OR=3).
    Conclusion: Leptospirosis remains a neglected disease in Madagascar. This study highlights the need to quantify the public health impact of this neglected disease in a more large scale, in all the country and to establish point-of-care laboratories in remote areas.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Agglutination Tests ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic/microbiology ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Reservoirs ; Female ; Housing ; Humans ; Immunologic Surveillance ; Infant ; Leptospira/immunology ; Leptospirosis/epidemiology ; Leptospirosis/veterinary ; Madagascar/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poverty ; Prevalence ; Rats/microbiology ; Rodent Diseases/epidemiology ; Sampling Studies ; Suburban Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult ; Zoonoses
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0122683
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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