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Article ; Online: Incidence of child maltreatment diagnosis in electronic health records of a large integrated healthcare system: 2001-2018.

Negriff, Sonya

Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community

2022 , Page(s) 13674935221116485

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the number of children (<18years old) with an International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis code for child maltreatment each year from 2001-2018 and examine differences by age, gender, and race/ ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to identify the number of children (<18years old) with an International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis code for child maltreatment each year from 2001-2018 and examine differences by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Data were drawn from the electronic health records of children (birth to <18years old) who were members of a large integrated healthcare system in California. We calculated the incidence rate (1 per 1000 children) for each year from 2001-2018 separately by age groups, gender, and race/ethnicity. Adolescents (11-15years old) had the overall highest incidence of all ages groups. Females had nearly twice the rate of males for the past 5years. Lastly, for race/ethnicity Black children had the highest incidence and Asian children the lowest. The findings demonstrate that maltreatment diagnosis in medical settings may be underused. Understanding the trends of these ICD codes by demographic characteristics yields information that health care providers may use to both increase the identification and documentation of child maltreatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2299167-0
ISSN	1741-2889 ; 1367-4935
ISSN (online)	1741-2889
ISSN	1367-4935
DOI	10.1177/13674935221116485
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Article: Expanding our Understanding of Intergenerational Exposure to Adversity.

Negriff, Sonya

Children and youth services review

2020 Volume 118

Abstract: The present study examined the intergenerational continuity of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) for parents and their adolescent offspring. Data were from a longitudinal study of the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development. Only biological ... ...

Abstract	The present study examined the intergenerational continuity of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) for parents and their adolescent offspring. Data were from a longitudinal study of the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development. Only biological parents (n=185) and one adolescent per parent (n=164) were included in the analytic sample. Self-reported retrospective data on childhood adversities was obtained at the 3
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0190-7409
ISSN	0190-7409
DOI	10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105369
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Article ; Online: Childhood adversities and mental health outcomes: Does the perception or age of the event matter?

Negriff, Sonya

Development and psychopathology

2020 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 778–791

Abstract: The current study extends knowledge regarding the individual contribution of different adverse experiences to mental health symptoms in late adolescence by including the perception of how upsetting each experience was to the adolescent and the age at the ...

Abstract	The current study extends knowledge regarding the individual contribution of different adverse experiences to mental health symptoms in late adolescence by including the perception of how upsetting each experience was to the adolescent and the age at the first occurrence. We also sought to move beyond sum scores of adverse experiences by using a person-centered approach to classifying individuals with similar co-occurrence of adversities. The data came from a longitudinal study of maltreatment on adolescent development (N = 454). Self-reported childhood adversities were assessed at Wave 4 (average of 7 years postbaseline) and examined with respect to current mental health symptoms (depression, PTSD, anxiety, and externalizing). Although the adversity sum score was a potent predictor of all mental health outcomes, the results indicated that the use of a sum score obscures information about the importance of individual adversities. Additionally, the influence of age of occurrence varied based on the adversity and outcome, while the perception of the event did not add much unique variance. Finally, the latent class analyses provided unique information about the patterns of co-occurring adversity in this sample, and that membership in either of the multiple-adversity classes was associated with more mental health symptoms.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Child ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Health ; Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1036173-x
ISSN	1469-2198 ; 0954-5794
ISSN (online)	1469-2198
ISSN	0954-5794
DOI	10.1017/S0954579420000048
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Article ; Online: Adverse childhood experiences screening in healthcare settings: A focus on pediatric primary care.

Negriff, Sonya / Sidell, Margo A / DiGangi, Mercie J

Child abuse & neglect

2024 , Page(s) 106709

Abstract: Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) screening in healthcare settings is emerging as one of the tangible responses to address the consistent evidence linking ACEs with health. Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) began ACEs screening ...

Abstract	Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) screening in healthcare settings is emerging as one of the tangible responses to address the consistent evidence linking ACEs with health. Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) began ACEs screening in pediatric primary care in 2018 and has developed screening and referral processes based on continued feedback from stakeholders as well as data driven assessment. Objective: We give an overview of the state of ACEs screening in pediatric healthcare settings, challenges facing pediatric providers, and suggestions to address them. We then describe the development of our ACEs screening and referral process within KPSC as an example of how a large healthcare system has implemented and adapted ACEs screening from pilot testing, to phased expansion, to complete implementation. Participants and setting: Children aged 2-18 years old who were members of KPSC 2018-2023. Results: We present data on the tailored screening and referral workflows we have developed, rates of positive screens and referrals, and how the initiation of ACEs screening may affect the rates of visit to behavioral health as a treatment option. We also integrate qualitative data to demonstrate the perspective of parents, with the goal of understanding what might help or hinder receipt of behavioral health treatment after ACEs screening. Conclusions: We close with future directions for ACEs screening in healthcare settings and considerations for pediatric healthcare providers who may want to begin ACEs screening or adapt their screening and referral processes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	799143-5
ISSN	1873-7757 ; 0145-2134
ISSN (online)	1873-7757
ISSN	0145-2134
DOI	10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106709
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Article: How the Structure of Egocentric Facebook Networks is Associated With Exposure to Risky Content for Maltreated versus Comparison Youth.

Negriff, Sonya

Children and youth services review

2019 Volume 109

Abstract: The current study examined the size and connectedness of egocentric Facebook networks as predictors of exposure to risky content among a sample of maltreated and comparison youth ( ...

Abstract	The current study examined the size and connectedness of egocentric Facebook networks as predictors of exposure to risky content among a sample of maltreated and comparison youth (
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0190-7409
ISSN	0190-7409
DOI	10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104700
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Article ; Online: A pilot study examining risk behavior in facebook posts for maltreated versus comparison youth using content analysis.

Negriff, Sonya

Child abuse & neglect

2019 Volume 96, Page(s) 104091

Abstract: Background: Social Media use is highly prevalent among contemporary adolescents yet, no studies have examined the similarity in risk content (e.g., substance use, sexual behaviors) between the online posts of maltreated youth and their friends.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Social Media use is highly prevalent among contemporary adolescents yet, no studies have examined the similarity in risk content (e.g., substance use, sexual behaviors) between the online posts of maltreated youth and their friends. Objective: The current study examined the risk content of Facebook posts among a sample maltreated and comparison youth and compared the rates of risk content produced by the participants versus their Facebook friends. Participants and setting: Data were from a sample of maltreated (n = 56) and comparison (n = 62) youth. At the time of data collection participants were in young adulthood (M = 21.78 years; SD = 1.45), but the timeframe of their Facebook profiles captured mid adolescence to young adulthood. Methods: Data were downloaded from the Facebook profiles of all participants and the posts and comments were coded for references to alcohol, marijuana, hard drugs, partying, and sexual content. Results: The results showed that maltreated and comparison youth were similar in the amount of risky content they posted on Facebook as well as in the amount posted by their Facebook friends. Correlations between participant's and friends' posts showed stronger associations for posts about alcohol use for the maltreated group but stronger associations in the comparison group for posts about marijuana, hard drug, and sexual references. Gender differences were also examined, with males producing more online risky content than females. Conclusions: Next steps should incorporate a more nuanced analysis to determine which online friends are the sources of risky content.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Alcohol Drinking ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Male ; Pilot Projects ; Risk-Taking ; Sex Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Social Media
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	799143-5
ISSN	1873-7757 ; 0145-2134
ISSN (online)	1873-7757
ISSN	0145-2134
DOI	10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104091
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Article ; Online: Depressive Symptoms Predict Characteristics of Online Social Networks.

Negriff, Sonya

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

2019 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 101–106

Abstract: Purpose: There is a substantial body of literature that examines depression or well-being as outcomes of social media use, but there are fewer studies that seek to understand how mental health may lead to different patterns of online interactions. The ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: There is a substantial body of literature that examines depression or well-being as outcomes of social media use, but there are fewer studies that seek to understand how mental health may lead to different patterns of online interactions. The purpose of the present study was to examine how depressive symptoms may predict subsequent structural characteristics of the online social network. Methods: Data came from Time 3 and Time 5 of a longitudinal study on the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development. At Time 3, adolescents reported on their depressive symptoms (n = 319), and at Time 5, a subsample was enrolled in the Facebook data collection (n = 133). An application downloaded the friend list, and network metrics were computed. Path models examined the main effect of depressive symptoms at Time 3 on Facebook social network measures. Results: The coefficients indicated that higher levels of depressive symptoms at Time 3 predicted fewer Facebook friends (smaller size), fewer ties between friends (lower average degree), more components, and fewer friends in the main component of the network. Conclusions: Depression may alter how youth form and maintain online friendships. Using social network characteristics may help identify youth at risk for serious mental illness.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child Abuse/psychology ; Child Abuse/statistics & numerical data ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Friends/psychology ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Mental Health ; Social Media/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1063374-1
ISSN	1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
ISSN (online)	1879-1972
ISSN	1054-139X
DOI	10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.01.026
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Article ; Online: ACEs are not equal: Examining the relative impact of household dysfunction versus childhood maltreatment on mental health in adolescence.

Negriff, Sonya

Social science & medicine (1982)

2019 Volume 245, Page(s) 112696

Abstract: Rationale: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have shown substantial effects on health across the lifespan. However, many studies on this topic discount the individual items as well as the distinction between household dysfunction and maltreatment ... ...

Abstract	Rationale: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have shown substantial effects on health across the lifespan. However, many studies on this topic discount the individual items as well as the distinction between household dysfunction and maltreatment experiences. Objective: The current study examined individual ACEs items as well as the relative contribution of the household dysfunction scale versus the childhood maltreatment scale for predicting mental health outcomes in adolescence. Lastly, we examined the utility of a cut-off score for ACEs in predicting mental health. Methods: Data were from Time 4 of a longitudinal study of the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development (n = 352; Mean age = 18). Self reported ACEs were assessed via structured interview and mapped onto the original ACEs questionnaire (Kaiser-CDC). Mental health outcomes were symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and externalizing behavior. Results: MANCOVA showed few mean differences between those endorsing 'yes' versus 'no' for the household dysfunction items, with the exception of witnessing parental Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). Those who endorsed witnessign IPV reported more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma. On the other hand, all of the maltreatment items were asscociated with significantly higher scores on at least three of the four outcomes for those endorsing versus not. Sexual abuse and physical abuse were associated with symptoms of depression, trauma, and externalizing behavior. Neglect was associated with depressive, trauma, and anxiety symptoms. Emotional abuse and emotional neglect were both associated with all four mental health outcomes. When household dysfunction and maltreatment sum scores were entered into the model together, maltreatment primarily accounted for mental health symptoms. Finally, our results did not indicate a meaningful cutoff for the number of ACEs needed to predict mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Our findings support the assessment of maltreatment events as more salient than household dysfunction in mental health treatment and caution health providers against only using the total ACEs score in clinical decision-making.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adverse Childhood Experiences/statistics & numerical data ; Anxiety/psychology ; Child ; Depression/psychology ; Family Conflict ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Self Report ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	4766-1
ISSN	1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
ISSN (online)	1873-5347
ISSN	0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
DOI	10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112696
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Article ; Online: The Influence of Online-Only Friends on the Substance Use of Young Adults with a History of Childhood Maltreatment.

Negriff, Sonya

Substance use & misuse

2018 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 120–129

Abstract: Background: Existing research shows that having offline friends that use substances increases risk for individual substance use in adolescence. However, there is little research examining the influence of online social networks on substance use in young ...

Abstract	Background: Existing research shows that having offline friends that use substances increases risk for individual substance use in adolescence. However, there is little research examining the influence of online social networks on substance use in young adulthood. Objectives: This study examined the number of online-only Facebook friends (i.e. those with no in-person contact) that were substance users in relation to the participants' alcohol and marijuana use in the past year. Methods: The sample (n = 114) were selected from participants enrolled in a longitudinal study on childhood maltreatment in an urban city within the United States. The mean age of the sample was 21.84 (SD = 1.43), 61% female. With participant permission, data were downloaded from Facebook to obtain the list of online friends. A self-report questionnaire recorded the substance use of each participant. Path analysis and logistic regression were used to examine (a) the number of online-only friends who drink as a predictor of participants' problem drinking, (b) the number of online-only friends who smoke marijuana as a predictor of participants' marijuana use, and (c) moderation by maltreatment status. Results: The results showed a significant effect of the number of online-only friends who smoke marijuana on the participant's marijuana use. However, after including offline friends this significant effect was no longer present, but offline friends predicted individual marijuana use. Conclusions/Importance: These findings demonstrate that substance use in online social networks may be associated with individual use in young adulthood, but that offline influence is stronger.
MeSH term(s)	Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/psychology ; Female ; Friends/psychology ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Marijuana Smoking/psychology ; Peer Group ; Social Media ; Social Networking ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1310358-1
ISSN	1532-2491 ; 1082-6084
ISSN (online)	1532-2491
ISSN	1082-6084
DOI	10.1080/10826084.2018.1508299
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Article ; Online: Developmental pathways from maltreatment to risk behavior: Sexual behavior as a catalyst.

Negriff, Sonya

Development and psychopathology

2017 Volume 30, Issue 2, Page(s) 683–693

Abstract: Although delinquency, substance use, and sexual activity are established to be highly intercorrelated, the extant research provides minimal evidence in support of one particular sequence of risk behavior or on the cascade effects from maltreatment. The ... ...

Abstract	Although delinquency, substance use, and sexual activity are established to be highly intercorrelated, the extant research provides minimal evidence in support of one particular sequence of risk behavior or on the cascade effects from maltreatment. The present study tested a longitudinal model incorporating maltreatment, deviant peers, sexual behavior, delinquency, and substance use to elucidate the sequential pathway(s) from maltreatment to each specific risk behavior throughout adolescence. Data came from a longitudinal study on the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development (N = 454) with four study assessments from early (Time 1 M age = 10.98) to late adolescence (Time 4 M age = 18.22). Results from the cross-lagged model showed a sequence from maltreatment to sexual behavior (Time 1), to delinquency (Time 2), to sexual behavior (Time 3), to substance use and delinquency (Time 4). These findings support sexual behavior as the initial risk behavior that is the catalyst for engagement in more advanced risk behaviors across adolescence.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior/physiology ; Adolescent Development/physiology ; Child ; Child Abuse/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency/psychology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior/physiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1036173-x
ISSN	1469-2198 ; 0954-5794
ISSN (online)	1469-2198
ISSN	0954-5794
DOI	10.1017/S0954579417001201
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