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Article ; Online: The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function.

Friedman, Naomi P / Robbins, Trevor W

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

2021 Volume 47, Issue 1, Page(s) 72–89

Abstract: Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms of their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits and controlled versus automatic processing, and related to the functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) ... ...

Abstract	Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms of their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits and controlled versus automatic processing, and related to the functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and related regions and networks. A psychometric approach shows unity and diversity in CC constructs, with 3 components in the most commonly studied constructs: general or common CC and components specific to mental set shifting and working memory updating. These constructs are considered against the cellular and systems neurobiology of PFC and what is known of its functional neuroanatomical or network organization based on lesioning, neurochemical, and neuroimaging approaches across species. CC is also considered in the context of motivation, as "cool" and "hot" forms. Its Common CC component is shown to be distinct from general intelligence (g) and closely related to response inhibition. Impairments in CC are considered as possible causes of psychiatric symptoms and consequences of disorders. The relationships of CC with the general factor of psychopathology (p) and dimensional constructs such as impulsivity in large scale developmental and adult populations are considered, as well as implications for genetic studies and RDoC approaches to psychiatric classification.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cognition/physiology ; Executive Function/physiology ; Humans ; Intelligence/physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	639471-1
ISSN	1740-634X ; 0893-133X
ISSN (online)	1740-634X
ISSN	0893-133X
DOI	10.1038/s41386-021-01132-0
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Article ; Online: Discussion of “Prediction, Estimation, and Attribution” by Bradley Efron

Friedman, Jerome / Hastie, Trevor / Tibshirani, Robert

Journal of the American Statistical Association. 2020 Apr. 2, v. 115, no. 530 p.665-666

2020

Abstract: Professor Efron has presented us with a thought-provoking paper on the relationship between prediction, estimation, and attribution in the modern era of data science. While we appreciate many of his arguments, we see more of a continuum between the old ... ...

Abstract	Professor Efron has presented us with a thought-provoking paper on the relationship between prediction, estimation, and attribution in the modern era of data science. While we appreciate many of his arguments, we see more of a continuum between the old and new methodology, and the opportunity for both to improve through their synergy.
Keywords	Americans ; journals ; methodology ; prediction
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0402
Size	p. 665-666.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2064981-2
ISSN	1537-274X
ISSN	1537-274X
DOI	10.1080/01621459.2020.1762617
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: First-in-Human Use of a Novel Live 3D Intracardiac Echo Probe to Guide Left Atrial Appendage Closure.

Alkhouli, Mohamad / Simard, Trevor / Killu, Ammar M / Friedman, Paul A / Padang, Ratnasari

JACC. Cardiovascular interventions

2021 Volume 14, Issue 21, Page(s) 2407–2409

MeSH term(s)	Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnostic imaging ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2452157-7
ISSN	1876-7605 ; 1936-8798
ISSN (online)	1876-7605
ISSN	1936-8798
DOI	10.1016/j.jcin.2021.07.024
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Article ; Online: Pectoralis Major Transfer for Medial Scapular Winging

Trevor Ottofaro MD / Suvleen K. Singh BS / Megan E. Welsh BS / Richard J. Friedman MD, FRCSC / Josef K. Eichinger MD

Video Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol

2023 Volume 3

Abstract: Background: Scapular winging is a rare and often misdiagnosed disorder, which can be painful and functionally limited. Medial scapular winging is often due to serratus anterior dysfunction in the setting of a long thoracic nerve palsy. While nonoperative ...

Abstract	Background: Scapular winging is a rare and often misdiagnosed disorder, which can be painful and functionally limited. Medial scapular winging is often due to serratus anterior dysfunction in the setting of a long thoracic nerve palsy. While nonoperative management can be successful, transfer of the pectoralis major with autograft hamstring augmentation to the inferior scapula is an effective operative means of relieving pain and restoring shoulder function in those who fail conservative management. Indications: The patient is a 16-year-old woman with symptomatic medial scapular winging who had a complete workup and 6-month course of conservative treatment, including physical therapy. Thus, we elected to proceed with a 2-incision transfer of the sternal head of pectoralis major transfer with autograft hamstring augmentation to the inferior scapular angle. Technique Description: A 2-incision transfer of the sternal head of pectoralis major with autograft hamstring to the inferior scapular angle is a strong and reliable method of operatively treating medial scapular winging. In addition, performing this operation in the lateral position allows for ease of access to both the anterior and posterior incisions. Results: At 1-year follow-up, the patient had full, painless range of motion of the shoulder with 5/5 strength in all tested planes. She also had returned to all activities, including softball, without restrictions. Discussion/Conclusions: A 2-incision transfer of the sternal head of the pectoralis major with autograft hamstring augmentation to the inferior scapular angle is an effective means of operatively treating medial scapular winging. Multiple studies have shown that this operation improves motion, pain, and function for those who have failed an appropriate course of conservative treatment. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a ...
Keywords	Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245 ; Orthopedic surgery ; RD701-811
Subject code	020
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Regularization Paths for Cox's Proportional Hazards Model via Coordinate Descent.

Simon, Noah / Friedman, Jerome / Hastie, Trevor / Tibshirani, Rob

Journal of statistical software

2016 Volume 39, Issue 5, Page(s) 1–13

Abstract: We introduce a pathwise algorithm for the Cox proportional hazards model, regularized by convex combinations of ... ...

Abstract	We introduce a pathwise algorithm for the Cox proportional hazards model, regularized by convex combinations of ℓ
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2010240-9
ISSN	1548-7660
ISSN	1548-7660
DOI	10.18637/jss.v039.i05
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Article: An engineered human cardiac tissue model reveals contributions of systemic lupus erythematosus autoantibodies to myocardial injury.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogenous autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, including the heart. The mechanisms by which myocardial injury develops in SLE, however, remain poorly understood. Here we engineered human ... ...

Abstract	Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogenous autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, including the heart. The mechanisms by which myocardial injury develops in SLE, however, remain poorly understood. Here we engineered human cardiac tissues and cultured them with IgG fractions containing autoantibodies from SLE patients with and without myocardial involvement. We observed unique binding patterns of IgG from two patient subgroups: (i) patients with severe myocardial inflammation exhibited enhanced binding to apoptotic cells within cardiac tissues subjected to stress, and (ii) patients with systolic dysfunction exhibited enhanced binding to the surfaces of viable cardiomyocytes. Functional assays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that IgGs from patients with systolic dysfunction exerted direct effects on engineered tissues in the absence of immune cells, altering tissue cellular composition, respiration and calcium handling. Autoantibody target characterization by phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-seq) confirmed distinctive IgG profiles between patient subgroups. By coupling IgG profiling with cell surface protein analyses, we identified four pathogenic autoantibody candidates that may directly alter the function of cells within the myocardium. Taken together, these observations provide insights into the cellular processes of myocardial injury in SLE that have the potential to improve patient risk stratification and inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.07.583787
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Article ; Online: Leak closure following left atrial appendage exclusion procedures: A multicenter registry.

Killu, Ammar M / Gbolabo Adeola, Oluwaseun / Della Rocca, Domenico G / Ellis, Christopher / Sugrue, Alan M / Simard, Trevor / Friedman, Paul A / Kawsara, Akram / Horton, Rodney P / Natale, Andrea / Alkhouli, Mohamad / Holmes, David R

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

2022 Volume 99, Issue 6, Page(s) 1867–1876

Abstract: Background: Though infrequent, incomplete left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) may result from residual leaks. Percutaneous closure has been described though data is limited.: Methods: We compiled a registry from four centers of patients undergoing ... ...

Abstract	Background: Though infrequent, incomplete left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) may result from residual leaks. Percutaneous closure has been described though data is limited. Methods: We compiled a registry from four centers of patients undergoing percutaneous closure of residual leaks following LAAC via surgical means or with the Watchman device. Leak severity was classified as none (no leak), mild (1-2 mm), moderate (3-4 mm), or severe (≥5 mm). Procedural and clinical success was defined as the elimination of leak or mild residual leak at the conclusion of the procedure or follow-up, respectively. Results: Of 72 (age 72.2 ± 9.2 years; 67% male) patients, 53 had undergone prior LAAC using the Watchman device and 19 patients surgical LAAC. Mean CHADS Conclusion: Percutaneous closure of residual leaks following left atrial appendage closure is feasible and associated with good outcomes. The procedural risk appears to be satisfactory.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Appendage ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/therapy ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Septal Occluder Device ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	1459995-8
ISSN	1522-726X ; 1522-1946
ISSN (online)	1522-726X
ISSN	1522-1946
DOI	10.1002/ccd.30139
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Article ; Online: Clinical Impact of Residual Leaks Following Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: Insights From the NCDR LAAO Registry.

Alkhouli, Mohamad / Du, Chengan / Killu, Ammar / Simard, Trevor / Noseworthy, Peter A / Friedman, Paul A / Curtis, Jeptha P / Freeman, James V / Holmes, David R

JACC. Clinical electrophysiology

2022 Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) 766–778

Abstract: Background: Data on the impact of residual peri-device leak after left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) are limited.: Objectives: The goal of this study was to explore the association of peri-device leak with adverse clinical events.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Data on the impact of residual peri-device leak after left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) are limited. Objectives: The goal of this study was to explore the association of peri-device leak with adverse clinical events. Methods: The National Cardiovascular Data Registry LAAO Registry was queried to identify patients undergoing LAAO between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019. Patients were classified according to leak size on echocardiography at 45 ± 14 days (0 mm, no leak; >0-5 mm, small leak; and >5 mm, large leak). Results: A total of 51,333 patients were included, of whom 37,696 (73.4%) had no leak, 13,258 (25.8%) had small leaks, and 379 (0.7%) had large leaks. The proportion of patients on warfarin at 45 days was higher in the large vs small or no leak cohorts (44.9% vs 34.4% and 32.4%, respectively; P < 0.001). At 6 and 12 months, anticoagulant utilization decreased but remained more frequent in patients with large leaks. Thromboembolic and bleeding events were uncommon in all groups. However, compared with patients with no leak, those with small leaks had slightly higher odds of stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolization (adjusted HR: 1.152; 95% CI: 1.025-1.294), major bleeding (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.029-1.120), and any major adverse events (HR: 1.102; 95% CI: 1.048-1.160). There were no significant differences in adverse events between patients with large leaks and patients with small or no leaks. Conclusions: Small (>0-5 mm) leaks after LAAO were associated with a modestly higher incidence of thromboembolic and bleeding events; large leaks (>5 mm) were not associated with adverse events, although higher proportions of these patients were maintained on anticoagulation. Newer devices with improved seal might mitigate the events associated with residual leaks.
MeSH term(s)	Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging ; Atrial Appendage/surgery ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Humans ; Registries ; Thromboembolism/epidemiology ; Thromboembolism/etiology ; Thromboembolism/prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2846739-5
ISSN	2405-5018 ; 2405-500X ; 2405-500X
ISSN (online)	2405-5018 ; 2405-500X
ISSN	2405-500X
DOI	10.1016/j.jacep.2022.03.001
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Article ; Online: Anatomic Approach to Transseptal Puncture for Structural Heart Interventions.

Simard, Trevor / El Sabbagh, Abdallah / Lane, Colleen / Killu, Ammar M / Alkhouli, Mohamad / Pollak, Peter M / Thaden, Jeremy J / Eleid, Mackram F / Friedman, Paul A / Rihal, Charanjit S

JACC. Cardiovascular interventions

2021 Volume 14, Issue 14, Page(s) 1509–1522

Abstract: The use of transseptal puncture continues to rise given the increase in left atrial cardiac interventions. The authors review an anatomic approach to transseptal puncture incorporating multimodality imaging both pre- and intraprocedurally with stepwise ... ...

Abstract	The use of transseptal puncture continues to rise given the increase in left atrial cardiac interventions. The authors review an anatomic approach to transseptal puncture incorporating multimodality imaging both pre- and intraprocedurally with stepwise escalation algorithms to ensure safe and efficacious large-bore transseptal puncture.
MeSH term(s)	Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Catheter Ablation ; Heart Atria/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Atria/surgery ; Humans ; Punctures ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2452157-7
ISSN	1876-7605 ; 1936-8798
ISSN (online)	1876-7605
ISSN	1936-8798
DOI	10.1016/j.jcin.2021.04.037
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Article ; Online: Where are you? The effect of uncertainty and its visual representation on location judgments in GPS-like displays.

Hegarty, Mary / Friedman, Alinda / Boone, Alexander P / Barrett, Trevor J

Journal of experimental psychology. Applied

2016 Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 381–392

Abstract: Two experiments revealed how nonexperts interpret visualizations of positional uncertainty on GPS-like displays and how the visual representation of uncertainty affects their judgments. Participants were shown maps with representations of their current ... ...

Abstract	Two experiments revealed how nonexperts interpret visualizations of positional uncertainty on GPS-like displays and how the visual representation of uncertainty affects their judgments. Participants were shown maps with representations of their current location; locational uncertainty was visualized as either a circle (confidence interval) or a faded glyph (indicating the probability density function directly). When shown a single circle or faded glyph, participants assumed they were located at the center of the uncertain region. In a task that required combining 2 uncertain estimates of their location, the most common strategy-integration-was to take both estimates into account, with more weight given to the more certain estimate. Participants' strategies were not affected by how uncertainty was visualized, but visualization affected the consistency of responses, both within individuals and in relation to models of individual's preferred strategies. The results indicate that nonexperts have an intuitive understanding of uncertainty. Rather than arguing for a particular method of visualizing uncertainty, the data suggest that the best visualization method is task dependent. (PsycINFO Database Record
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2103149-6
ISSN	1939-2192 ; 1076-898X
ISSN (online)	1939-2192
ISSN	1076-898X
DOI	10.1037/xap0000103
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