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  1. Article: Use of penicillin O in patients hypersensitive to pencilling G.

    VOLINI, I F / SHLAES, W H / FELSENFELD, O

    Journal of the American Medical Association

    2004  Volume 143, Issue 9, Page(s) 794–797

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Penicillins
    Chemical Substances Penicillins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-05-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0002-9955 ; 0254-9077 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0002-9955 ; 0254-9077 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.1950.02910440012006
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  2. Article ; Online: The Myc-associated zinc finger protein epigenetically controls expression of interferon-γ-stimulated genes by recruiting STAT1 to chromatin.

    Xiao, Tiaojiang / Li, Xin / Felsenfeld, Gary

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2024  Volume 121, Issue 17, Page(s) e2320938121

    Abstract: The MYC-Associated Zinc Finger Protein (MAZ) plays important roles in chromatin organization and gene transcription regulation. Dysregulated expression of MAZ causes diseases, such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and liposarcoma. ... ...

    Abstract The MYC-Associated Zinc Finger Protein (MAZ) plays important roles in chromatin organization and gene transcription regulation. Dysregulated expression of MAZ causes diseases, such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and liposarcoma. Previously, it has been reported that MAZ controls the proinflammatory response in colitis and colon cancer via STAT3 signaling, suggesting that MAZ is involved in regulating immunity-related pathways. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation remains elusive. Here, we investigate the regulatory effect of MAZ on interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-stimulated genes via STAT1, a protein that plays an essential role in immune responses to viral, fungal, and mycobacterial pathogens. We demonstrate that about 80% of occupied STAT1-binding sites colocalize with occupied MAZ-binding sites in HAP1/K562 cells after IFN
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interferon-gamma/pharmacology ; Chromatin/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Protein Binding ; Zinc Fingers/genetics ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/genetics
    Chemical Substances Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6) ; Chromatin ; STAT1 Transcription Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2320938121
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  3. Article: G protein-induced trafficking of voltage-dependent calcium channels.

    Tombler, Eugene / Cabanilla, Nory Jun / Carman, Paul / Permaul, Natasha / Hall, John J / Richman, Ryan W / Lee, Jessica / Rodriguez, Jennifer / Felsenfeld, Dan P / Hennigan, Robert F / Diversé-Pierluissi, María A

    publication RETRACTED

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2005  Volume 281, Issue 3, Page(s) 1827–1839

    Abstract: Calcium channels are well known targets for inhibition by G protein-coupled receptors, and multiple ... forms of inhibition have been described. Here we report a novel mechanism for G protein-mediated ... trafficking of the channels, reduces calcium influx, and decreases exocytosis. Our results suggest that G protein-induced ...

    Abstract Calcium channels are well known targets for inhibition by G protein-coupled receptors, and multiple forms of inhibition have been described. Here we report a novel mechanism for G protein-mediated modulation of neuronal voltage-dependent calcium channels that involves the destabilization and subsequent removal of calcium channels from the plasma membrane. Imaging experiments in living sensory neurons show that, within seconds of receptor activation, calcium channels are cleared from the membrane and sequestered in clathrin-coated vesicles. Disruption of the L1-CAM-ankyrin B complex with the calcium channel mimics transmitter-induced trafficking of the channels, reduces calcium influx, and decreases exocytosis. Our results suggest that G protein-induced removal of plasma membrane calcium channels is a consequence of disrupting channel-cytoskeleton interactions and might represent a novel mechanism of presynaptic inhibition.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Calcium Channels/drug effects ; Calcium Channels/physiology ; Chick Embryo ; Electrophysiology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Ganglia, Spinal/physiology ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Peptide Fragments ; omega-Conotoxin GVIA/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Calcium Channels ; Peptide Fragments ; omega-Conotoxin GVIA (92078-76-7) ; GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-11-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Retracted Publication
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M508829200
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  4. Article ; Online: Large parental differences in chromatin organization in pancreatic beta cell line explaining diabetes susceptibility effects.

    Jian, Xing / Felsenfeld, Gary

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 4338

    Abstract: Previous GWAS studies identified non-coding loci with parent-of-origin-specific effects on Type 2 diabetes susceptibility. Here we report the molecular basis for one such locus near the KRTAP5-6 gene on chromosome 11. We determine the pattern of long- ... ...

    Abstract Previous GWAS studies identified non-coding loci with parent-of-origin-specific effects on Type 2 diabetes susceptibility. Here we report the molecular basis for one such locus near the KRTAP5-6 gene on chromosome 11. We determine the pattern of long-range contacts between an enhancer in this locus and the human INS promoter 460 kb away, in the human pancreatic β-cell line, EndoC-βH1. 3C long range contact experiments distinguish contacts on the two sister chromosomes. Coupling with allele-specific SNPs allows construction of maps revealing marked differences in organization of the two sister chromosomes in the entire region between KRTAP5-6 and INS. Further mapping distinguishes maternal and paternal alleles. This reveals a domain of parent-of-origin-specific chromatin structure extending in the telomeric direction from the INS locus. This suggests more generally that imprinted loci may extend their influence over gene expression beyond those loci through long range chromatin structure, resulting in parent-of-origin-biased expression patterns over great distances.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/genetics ; Chromatin/metabolism ; CpG Islands ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Insulin/genetics ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/genetics ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology ; Male ; Mutant Chimeric Proteins/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; IGF2 protein, human ; INS-IGF2 protein, human ; Insulin ; Mutant Chimeric Proteins ; keratin-associated protein 5 family, human ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (67763-97-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-24635-2
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  5. Article ; Online: A brief history of epigenetics.

    Felsenfeld, Gary

    Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology

    2014  Volume 6, Issue 1

    Abstract: The term "epigenetics" was originally used to denote the poorly understood processes by which a fertilized zygote developed into a mature, complex organism. With the understanding that all cells of an organism carry the same DNA, and with increased ... ...

    Abstract The term "epigenetics" was originally used to denote the poorly understood processes by which a fertilized zygote developed into a mature, complex organism. With the understanding that all cells of an organism carry the same DNA, and with increased knowledge of mechanisms of gene expression, the definition was changed to focus on ways in which heritable traits can be associated not with changes in nucleotide sequence, but with chemical modifications of DNA, or of the structural and regulatory proteins bound to it. Recent discoveries about the role of these mechanisms in early development may make it desirable to return to the original definition of epigenetics.
    MeSH term(s) Chromatin/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ISSN 1943-0264
    ISSN (online) 1943-0264
    DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a018200
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  6. Article ; Online: The evolution of epigenetics.

    Felsenfeld, Gary

    Perspectives in biology and medicine

    2014  Volume 57, Issue 1, Page(s) 132–148

    Abstract: Early studies of the developing embryo raised the question of how a fertilized egg could give rise to a complex multicellular organism containing many different kinds of cells. The term epigenetics originally referred to the study of these processes. ... ...

    Abstract Early studies of the developing embryo raised the question of how a fertilized egg could give rise to a complex multicellular organism containing many different kinds of cells. The term epigenetics originally referred to the study of these processes. With the advent of detailed knowledge of mechanisms of gene expression, this definition was superseded by another: epigenetics concerned the transmission of phenotype through mitosis or the germ line by mechanisms that did not involve changes in the DNA sequence. Much effort has been spent in attempting to identify and characterize these events. Work initially focused on DNA methylation as an epigenetic mark, but more recently there has been an emphasis on histone modifications as possible carriers of epigenetic information. However, there is confusion between situations in which the modifications may be propagated through cell division, thus helping to maintain a pattern of gene expression, and situations in which the modifications are simply part of the transcriptional apparatus. Arguments about the role of the histones have led to a reexamination of the definition of epigenetics and the primary events in development leading to cell type specific gene expression patterns.
    MeSH term(s) Chromatin/chemistry ; Chromatin/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Chemical Substances Chromatin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 80373-x
    ISSN 1529-8795 ; 0031-5982
    ISSN (online) 1529-8795
    ISSN 0031-5982
    DOI 10.1353/pbm.2014.0004
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  7. Article ; Online: The RNA helicases DDX5 and DDX17 facilitate neural differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells NTERA2.

    Suthapot, Praewa / Xiao, Tiaojiang / Felsenfeld, Gary / Hongeng, Suradej / Wongtrakoongate, Patompon

    Life sciences

    2022  Volume 291, Page(s) 120298

    Abstract: Aims: Understanding human neurogenesis is critical toward regenerative medicine for neurodegeneration. However, little is known how neural differentiation is regulated by DEAD box-containing RNA helicases, which comprise a diverse class of RNA ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Understanding human neurogenesis is critical toward regenerative medicine for neurodegeneration. However, little is known how neural differentiation is regulated by DEAD box-containing RNA helicases, which comprise a diverse class of RNA remodeling enzymes.
    Materials and methods: ChIP-seq was utilized to identify binding sites of DDX5 and DDX17 in both human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) line NTERA2 and their retinoic acid-induced neural derivatives. RNA-seq was used to elucidate genes differentially expressed upon depletion of DDX5 and DDX17. Neurosphere assay, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to test the effect of depletion of the two RNA helicases in neural differentiation.
    Key findings: We show here that expression of DDX5 and DDX17 is abundant throughout neural differentiation of NTERA2, and is mostly localized within the nucleus. The two RNA helicases occupy chromatin genome-wide at regions associated with neurogenesis-related genes in both hPSCs and their neural derivatives. Further, both DDX5 and DDX17 are mutually required for controlling transcriptional expression of these genes, but are not important for maintenance of stem cell state of hPSCs. In contrast, they facilitate early neural differentiation of hPSCs, generation of neurospheres from the stem cells, and transcriptional expression of key neurogenic transcription factors such as SOX1 and PAX6 during neural differentiation. Importantly, DDX5 and DDX17 are critical for differentiation of hPSCs toward NESTIN- and TUBB3-positive cells, which represent neural progenitors and mature neurons, respectively.
    Significance: Collectively, our findings suggest the role of DDX5 and DDX17 in transcriptional regulation of genes involved in neurogenesis, and hence in neural differentiation of hPSCs.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Chromatin ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing/methods ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism ; Gene Expression/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Neural Stem Cells/metabolism ; Neurogenesis/genetics ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; RNA Helicases/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcriptome/genetics
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Transcription Factors ; DDX17 protein, human (EC 3.6.1.-) ; Ddx5 protein, human (EC 3.6.1.-) ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.13) ; RNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3378-9
    ISSN 1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
    ISSN (online) 1879-0631
    ISSN 0024-3205
    DOI 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120298
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  8. Article ; Online: The Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) works together with CTCF to control cohesin positioning and genome organization.

    Xiao, Tiaojiang / Li, Xin / Felsenfeld, Gary

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2021  Volume 118, Issue 7

    Abstract: The Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) is often found at genomic binding sites adjacent to CTCF, a protein which affects large-scale genome organization through its interaction with cohesin. We show here that, like CTCF, MAZ physically interacts ... ...

    Abstract The Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) is often found at genomic binding sites adjacent to CTCF, a protein which affects large-scale genome organization through its interaction with cohesin. We show here that, like CTCF, MAZ physically interacts with a cohesin subunit and can arrest cohesin sliding independently of CTCF. It also shares with CTCF the ability to independently pause the elongating form of RNA polymerase II, and consequently affects RNA alternative splicing. CTCF/MAZ double sites are more effective at sequestering cohesin than sites occupied only by CTCF. Furthermore, depletion of CTCF results in preferential loss of CTCF from sites not occupied by MAZ. In an assay for insulation activity like that used for CTCF, binding of MAZ to sites between an enhancer and promoter results in down-regulation of reporter gene expression, supporting a role for MAZ as an insulator protein. Hi-C analysis of the effect of MAZ depletion on genome organization shows that local interactions within topologically associated domains (TADs) are disrupted, as well as contacts that establish the boundaries of individual TADs. We conclude that MAZ augments the action of CTCF in organizing the genome, but also shares properties with CTCF that allow it to act independently.
    MeSH term(s) Alternative Splicing ; CCCTC-Binding Factor/metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Cohesins
    Chemical Substances CCCTC-Binding Factor ; CTCF protein, human ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; c-MYC-associated zinc finger protein ; RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2023127118
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  9. Article: Association of arginine-rich histones with G-C-rich regions of DNA in chromatin.

    Clark, R J / Felsenfeld, G

    Nature: New biology

    1972  Volume 240, Issue 103, Page(s) 226–229

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arginine/analysis ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cattle ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chromatin/analysis ; Cytosine Nucleotides/metabolism ; DNA/analysis ; DNA/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Disc ; Endonucleases/metabolism ; Formaldehyde ; Guanine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Histones/analysis ; Histones/isolation & purification ; Histones/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Spectrophotometry ; Staphylococcus/enzymology ; Thymus Gland/analysis ; Tritium ; Urea/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Cytosine Nucleotides ; Guanine Nucleotides ; Histones ; Tritium (10028-17-8) ; Formaldehyde (1HG84L3525) ; Urea (8W8T17847W) ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F) ; Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1972-12-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120715-5
    ISSN 0090-0028 ; 0369-4887
    ISSN 0090-0028 ; 0369-4887
    DOI 10.1038/newbio240226a0
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  10. Article ; Online: Insulin

    Jian, Xing / Felsenfeld, Gary

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2018  Volume 115, Issue 20, Page(s) E4633–E4641

    Abstract: Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes involve a complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Our laboratory has been interested in the physical interactions, in nuclei of human pancreatic β cells, between the insulin ( ...

    Abstract Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes involve a complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Our laboratory has been interested in the physical interactions, in nuclei of human pancreatic β cells, between the insulin (
    MeSH term(s) Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/genetics ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Secretion ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptors, Somatostatin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Somatostatin/genetics ; Receptors, Somatostatin/metabolism ; Somatostatin-28/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Receptors, Somatostatin ; Somatostatin-28 (75037-27-3) ; somatostatin receptor 5 (8X85ZJG6XJ) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.1803146115
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