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  1. Book ; Online: Molybdenum and sulphur isotope ratios of early Pleistocene sapropels of ODP Hole 160-969D, supplementary data to: Scheiderich, Kathleen; Zerkle, Aubrey L; Helz, George R; Farquhar, James; Walker, Richard J (2010): Molybdenum isotope, multiple sulfur isotope, and redox-sensitive element behavior in early Pleistocene Mediterranean sapropels. Chemical Geology, 279(3-4), 134-144

    Scheiderich, Kathleen / Farquhar, James / Helz, George R / Walker, Richard J / Zerkle, Aubrey L

    2010  

    Abstract: Organic-rich sediments (sapropels) deposited in the Mediterranean are presumed to have formed during periods of increased productivity, and/or deep water oxygen depletion, possibly including the development of sulfidic conditions (euxinia). Geochemical ... ...

    Abstract Organic-rich sediments (sapropels) deposited in the Mediterranean are presumed to have formed during periods of increased productivity, and/or deep water oxygen depletion, possibly including the development of sulfidic conditions (euxinia). Geochemical redox proxies (Re, Mo, Mo isotopes, V, Fe/Al, and multiple S isotopes) in 8 sapropels from the Pleistocene confirm water column euxinic conditions of varying intensity during sapropel deposition. These same proxies indicate an oxic origin for hemipelagic sediments deposited between sapropel-forming episodes.
    In one intensively sampled sapropel, deposited between 1.450 and 1.458 Ma, changing concentrations of organic carbon, Ba, Re, Mo, V, and Fe/Al track one another closely, reflecting coupling between water column euxinia and biological productivity. Multiple S isotope data from this sapropel suggest that the redox interface where oxidative sulfur cycling occurred was present in the sediments during hemipelagic sedimentation, but moved into the water column during sapropel deposition.
    Molybdenum isotopes of these 8 sapropels encompass a range of values (d98Mo = +0.2 to +1.7), but are all 98Mo-depleted relative to seawater (d98Mo = +2.3 per mil), suggesting that quantitative removal of Mo did not occur. This finding contrasts with modern Black Sea sediments. In general, Re/Mo ratios in sapropels are greater than in modern seawater, implying that the water column was not sufficiently sulfidic during sapropel-forming episodes to induce complete removal of both these elements. Surprisingly, the heaviest d98Mo values are found within hemipelagic sediments. Very few of the hemipelagic samples preserve the negative d98Mo values commonly associated with modern oxic marine sediments. Many of the hemipelagic samples also contained higher concentrations of Re and Mo than are common in oxic sediments. These features may be attributable to diffusion from the sapropels of a 98Mo-enriched component into the hemipelagic sediments.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-9999
    Size Online-Ressource
    Publisher PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
    Publishing place Bremen/Bremerhaven
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.10.015
    DOI 10.1594/PANGAEA.780236
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  2. Book ; Audio / Video ; Online: Public health implications of raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products

    Bonnie, Richard J. / Stratton, Kathleen R. / Kwan, Leslie Y.

    2015  

    Institution Institute of Medicine (U.S.). / Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products
    Author's details Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice ; Richard J. Bonnie, Kathleen Stratton, and Leslie Y. Kwan, editors ; Institute of Medicine of the National Academies
    Keywords Tobacco Use Disorder ; Smoking / legislation & jurisprudence ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Policy Making ; Risk Assessment ; United States
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (XIX, 378 pages), illustrations, tables, figures
    Publisher National Academies Press
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Audio / Video ; Online
    HBZ-ID HT019194297
    ISBN 978-0-309-31624-8 ; 0-309-31624-3
    DOI 10.17226/18997
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Book ; Online: Natural Resistance to and Host-Directed Prevention of Tuberculosis

    Wilkinson, Robert / Kathleen Coussens, Anna / Richard Hawn, Thomas

    2020  

    Keywords Medicine ; Immunology ; Tuberculosis ; TB ; LTBI ; Host-directed prevention
    Size 1 electronic resource (161 pages)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021230179
    ISBN 9782889637997 ; 2889637999
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Article ; Online: Prevalence of fatigue and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury.

    Wright, Traver J / Elliott, Timothy R / Randolph, Kathleen M / Pyles, Richard B / Masel, Brent E / Urban, Randall J / Sheffield-Moore, Melinda

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0300910

    Abstract: ... indicated that more severe TBI was associated with greater symptom severity (p<0.0001, r = 0.3165 ...

    Abstract Background: Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) some patients develop lingering comorbid symptoms of fatigue and cognitive impairment. The mild cognitive impairment self-reported by patients is often not detected with neurocognitive tests making it difficult to determine how common and severe these symptoms are in individuals with a history of TBI. This study was conducted to determine the relative prevalence of fatigue and cognitive impairment in individuals with a history of TBI.
    Methods: The Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale (FACs) digital questionnaire was used to assess self-reported fatigue and cognitive impairment. Adults aged 18-70 were digitally recruited for the online anonymous study. Eligible participants provided online consent, demographic data, information about lifetime TBI history, and completed the 20 item FACs questionnaire.
    Results: A total of 519 qualifying participants completed the online digital study which included 204 participants with a history of TBI of varied cause and severity and 315 with no history of TBI. FACs Total Score was significantly higher in the TBI group (57.7 ± 22.2) compared to non-TBI (39.5 ± 23.9; p<0.0001) indicating more fatigue and cognitive impairment. When stratified by TBI severity, FACs score was significantly higher for all severity including mild (53.9 ± 21.9, p<0.0001), moderate (54.8 ± 24.4, p<0.0001), and severe (59.7 ± 20.9, p<0.0001) TBI. Correlation analysis indicated that more severe TBI was associated with greater symptom severity (p<0.0001, r = 0.3165). Ancillary analysis also suggested that FACs scores may be elevated in participants with prior COVID-19 infection but no history of TBI.
    Conclusions: Adults with a history of even mild TBI report significantly greater fatigue and cognitive impairment than those with no history of TBI, and symptoms are more profound with greater TBI severity.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/epidemiology ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/complications ; Brain Concussion/complications ; Fatigue/etiology ; Fatigue/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0300910
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Medusa's Wrath: Bleeding Giant Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation in an Adult: A Case Report.

    Briones, Richard C / Cruz, Kathleen S / Resoco, Dave R / Briones, Marla Vina A

    Vascular and endovascular surgery

    2023  Volume 57, Issue 5, Page(s) 532–535

    Abstract: Background: Scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital disease that may present with massive bleeding. To date, surgical excision remains the definitive management. However, the procedure could lead to intraoperative bleeding due to the ...

    Abstract Background: Scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital disease that may present with massive bleeding. To date, surgical excision remains the definitive management. However, the procedure could lead to intraoperative bleeding due to the tumor's high blood flow and complex vascularity.
    Case report: A 49-year old Filipino male presented with a bleeding giant scalp AVM. Computed tomographic scan and duplex studies showed multiple feeding vessels with turbulent flow arising primarily from the right superficial temporal, right posterior auricular, and occipital vessels. Prior to surgery, the patient underwent transfusion due to preoperative hemoglobin of 6 g/dL. Proximal control of the right external carotid artery was performed through a supine position and left in place to reduce the majority of blood flow to the AVM. The patient was turned to a prone position for surgical planning to achieve maximal skin-sparing dissection prior to excision. First, ligation of bilateral superficial temporal and posterior auricular arteries was performed. Next, excision above the periosteum with segmental ligation of feeding vessels around the AVM was carried out. Reconstruction of the defect was done via scalp advancement flap and split-thickness skin grafting. Intraoperative blood loss was 1.6 L. On the sixth postoperative day, the patient was discharged with 100% graft take.
    Conclusion: Management of scalp AV malformation is challenging, and despite measures to decrease intraoperative bleeding, blood loss is still high. While preoperative embolization has been reported to decrease the risk of bleeding, this procedure is not currently available in our setting. Our case highlights the complexity of giant scalp AV malformation management in a limited-resource setting. Even in the absence of endovascular intervention, outright surgical excision of AVM can be performed, albeit with higher levels of blood loss.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Scalp/abnormalities ; Scalp/blood supply ; Scalp/surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Arteriovenous Malformations/complications ; Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging ; Arteriovenous Malformations/surgery ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Surgical Flaps
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2076272-0
    ISSN 1938-9116 ; 1538-5744
    ISSN (online) 1938-9116
    ISSN 1538-5744
    DOI 10.1177/15385744231154990
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: BRAF Inhibitor Resistance Confers Increased Sensitivity to Mitotic Inhibitors.

    Misek, Sean A / Foda, Bardees M / Dexheimer, Thomas S / Akram, Maisah / Conrad, Susan E / Schmidt, Jens C / Neubig, Richard R / Gallo, Kathleen A

    Frontiers in oncology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 766794

    Abstract: Single agent and combination therapy with ... ...

    Abstract Single agent and combination therapy with BRAF
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.766794
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Long-term follow-up to assess criteria for ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in young women and girls with cancer.

    Duffin, Kathleen / Howie, Ruth / Kelsey, Tom W / Wallace, Hamish B / Anderson, Richard A

    Human reproduction (Oxford, England)

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 1076–1085

    Abstract: ... for Reproductive Health, (supported by MRC grant MR/N022556/1). R.A.A. has received consulting fees from Ferring and Roche ...

    Abstract Study question: Do the Edinburgh Selection Criteria correctly identify female cancer patients under the age of 18 who are at risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) as candidates for ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC)?
    Summary answer: Patient assessment using these criteria accurately identifies those at risk of POI, who can be offered OTC and future transplantation as a means of fertility preservation.
    What is known already: Treatment for childhood cancer can have adverse consequences on future fertility; at the time of diagnosis, fertility risk assessment should be undertaken in order to identify patients to whom fertility preservation should be offered. The Edinburgh selection criteria, based on planned cancer treatment and patient health status, are utilized to identify those at high risk and therefore eligible for OTC. However, this procedure is not without risk and there are few data on the efficacy of the procedure in prepubertal patients. As such, long-term follow-up of reproductive outcomes is necessary, to ensure that OTC is being offered appropriately.
    Study design, size, duration: Cohort study encompassing all females diagnosed with cancer under the age of 18 in South East Scotland, from 1 January 1996 to 30 April 2020. Patients were followed up for reproductive outcomes to assess for diagnosis of POI.
    Participants/materials, setting, methods: A total of 638 eligible patients were identified; patients under the age of 12 or deceased before the age of 12 were excluded from the study, leaving a study population of 431 patients. Electronic records were reviewed for reproductive function, assessed by current menstruation, pregnancy (in the absence of POI diagnosis), reproductive hormone measurements, pubertal progression, or diagnosis of POI. Patients on hormonal contraception (other than for treatment of POI or panhypopituitarism with no history of gonadatoxic treatment) were excluded from analysis (n = 9). Analysis on remaining 422 patients was carried out using the Kaplan-Meier methods, with POI as the defined event, and Cox proportional hazards model.
    Main results and the role of chance: In the study population of 431 patients, median ages at diagnosis and analysis were 9.8 and 22.2 years, respectively. Reproductive outcomes were unavailable in 142 patients; the assumption was made that these patients did not have POI, but a subanalysis excluding these patients was also performed. Of the 422 patients aged >12 at analysis and not taking hormonal contraception, OTC was offered to 37 patients and successfully performed in 25 patients. Of the 37 patients offered OTC (one at time of relapse), nine (24.3%) developed POI. Of the 386 not offered OTC, 11 (2.9%) developed POI. The probability of developing POI was significantly higher in those offered OTC (hazard ratio [HR] 8.7 [95% CI 3.6-21]; P < 0.0001), even when those patients with unknown outcomes were excluded from the analysis (HR 8.1 [95% CI 3.4-20]; P < 0.001). All patients offered OTC who developed POI did so after treatment for primary disease; in those not offered OTC, five patients (45.5%) developed POI after treatment for disease relapse.
    Limitations, reasons for caution: A significant number of patients had unknown reproductive outcomes; many of these patients were engaged in ongoing follow-up but did not have documented reproductive assessment. This may have introduced bias to the analysis and highlights the need for reproductive follow-up as part of routine cancer aftercare. In addition, the relatively young age of the patient population and short duration of follow-up in some cases demonstrates the need for ongoing follow-up of this cohort.
    Wider implications of the findings: The prevalence of POI after childhood cancer is low, but the Edinburgh selection criteria remain a robust tool for selecting those at high risk at the time of diagnosis, to offer OTC appropriately. However, disease relapse necessitating more intensive treatments remains a challenge. This study additionally highlights the importance of routine assessment and documentation of reproductive status in haematology/oncology follow-up.
    Study funding/competing interest(s): K.D. is supported by a CRUK grant (C157/A25193). This work was undertaken in part in the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, (supported by MRC grant MR/N022556/1). R.A.A. has received consulting fees from Ferring and Roche Diagnostics; payment from Merck and IBSA for educational events; and laboratory materials from Roche Diagnostics. The other authors have no competing interests to declare.
    Trial registration number: N/A.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Child ; Fertility Preservation/methods ; Follow-Up Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Cryopreservation/methods ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; Neoplasms/complications ; Menopause, Premature
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632776-x
    ISSN 1460-2350 ; 0268-1161 ; 1477-741X
    ISSN (online) 1460-2350
    ISSN 0268-1161 ; 1477-741X
    DOI 10.1093/humrep/dead060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index to Assess Central Venous Pressure in Perioperative Period Following Cardiac Surgery in Children.

    Garcia, Richard U / Meert, Kathleen L / Safa, Raya / Aggarwal, Sanjeev

    Pediatric cardiology

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 560–568

    Abstract: ... had inverse correlation with CVP in patients breathing spontaneously; r =  - 0.76 (p < 0.01) and r ...

    Abstract The inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) is an ultrasound method used to assess central venous pressure (CVP). Our objective was to evaluate the correlation between IVCCI and CVP in children during the early period following surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD). Prospective study performed in a single tertiary care center. Patients  ≤ 18 years old, who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for CHD, were enrolled. Ultrasound images of the inferior vena cava (IVC) were obtained at two time points; the first was within 2 h of arrival to the CICU and the second was 12-18 h from the first measurement. CVP measured by catheter placed during surgery was recorded within minutes of performing ultrasound. Maximum and minimum IVC diameters were measured by 2D images and M mode method. Seventy patients (47.1% males), with median age 7 months (IQR 4-47 months) and weight 6.9 kg (IQR 4.8-13.5 kg), were evaluated. The 2D IVCCI had inverse correlation with CVP in patients breathing spontaneously; r =  - 0.76 (p < 0.01) and r =  - 0.73 (p < 0.01), during the first and second measurements, respectively. The 2D IVCCI ≤ 0.24 had sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of 94%, 79%, and 88.9% , respectively, to detect CVP ≥ 10 mmHg. No correlation was found between IVCCI and CVP during positive pressure ventilation. There is a significant inverse correlation between 2D IVCCI and CVP in spontaneously breathing children after surgery for CHD. Use of 2D IVCCI for monitoring CVP could reduce the frequency and duration of CVP catheters and their inherent complications.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass/methods ; Central Venous Pressure ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Perioperative Period ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging ; Vena Cava, Inferior/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 800857-7
    ISSN 1432-1971 ; 0172-0643
    ISSN (online) 1432-1971
    ISSN 0172-0643
    DOI 10.1007/s00246-020-02514-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Improving the Delivery of Healthcare through Clinical Diagnostic Insights: A Valuation of Laboratory Medicine through "Clinical Lab 2.0".

    Swanson, Kathleen / Dodd, Monique R / VanNess, Richard / Crossey, Michael

    The journal of applied laboratory medicine

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 487–497

    Abstract: Background: As healthcare payment and reimbursement begin to shift from a fee-for-service to a value-based model, ancillary providers including laboratories must incorporate this into their business strategy. Laboratory medicine, while continuing to ... ...

    Abstract Background: As healthcare payment and reimbursement begin to shift from a fee-for-service to a value-based model, ancillary providers including laboratories must incorporate this into their business strategy. Laboratory medicine, while continuing to support a transactional business model, should expand efforts to include translational data analytics, proving its clinical and economic valuation. Current literature in this area is limited.
    Content: This article is a summary of how laboratory medicine can support value-based healthcare. Population health management is emerging as a method to support value-based healthcare by aggregating patient information, providing data analysis, and contributing to clinical decision support. Key issues to consider with a laboratory-developed population health management model are discussed, including changing reimbursement models, the use of multidisciplinary committees, the role of specialists in data analytics and programming, and barriers to implementation. Examples of data considerations and value are given.
    Summary: Laboratory medicine is able to provide meaningful clinical diagnostic insights for population health initiatives that result in improved short- and long-term patient outcomes and drive cost-effective care. Opportunities include data analysis with longitudinal laboratory data, identification of patient-specific targeted interventions, and development of clinical decision support tools. Laboratories will need to leverage the skills and knowledge of their multidisciplinary staff, along with their extensive patient data sets, through innovative analytics to meet these objectives.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-9456
    ISSN 2576-9456
    DOI 10.1373/jalm.2017.025379
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Human alveolar macrophages display marked hypo-responsiveness to IFN-γ in both proteomic and gene expression analysis.

    Thiel, Bonnie A / Lundberg, Kathleen C / Schlatzer, Daniela / Jarvela, Jessica / Li, Qing / Shaw, Rachel / Reba, Scott M / Fletcher, Shane / Beckloff, Sara E / Chance, Mark R / Boom, W Henry / Silver, Richard F / Bebek, Gurkan

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) e0295312

    Abstract: Alveolar macrophages (AM) perform a primary defense mechanism in the lung through phagocytosis of inhaled particles and microorganisms. AM are known to be relatively immunosuppressive consistent with the aim to limit alveolar inflammation and maintain ... ...

    Abstract Alveolar macrophages (AM) perform a primary defense mechanism in the lung through phagocytosis of inhaled particles and microorganisms. AM are known to be relatively immunosuppressive consistent with the aim to limit alveolar inflammation and maintain effective gas exchange in the face of these constant challenges. How AM respond to T cell derived cytokine signals, which are critical to the defense against inhaled pathogens, is less well understood. For example, successful containment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in lung macrophages is highly dependent on IFN-γ secreted by Th-1 lymphocytes, however, the proteomic IFN-γ response profile in AM remains mostly unknown. In this study, we measured IFN-γ induced protein abundance changes in human AM and autologous blood monocytes (MN). AM cells were activated by IFN-γ stimulation resulting in STAT1 phosphorylation and production of MIG/CXCL9 chemokine. However, the global proteomic response to IFN-γ in AM was dramatically limited in comparison to that of MN (9 AM vs 89 MN differentially abundant proteins). AM hypo-responsiveness was not explained by reduced JAK-STAT1 signaling nor increased SOCS1 expression. These findings suggest that AM have a tightly regulated response to IFN-γ which may prevent excessive pulmonary inflammation but may also provide a niche for the initial survival and growth of Mtb and other intracellular pathogens in the lung.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism ; Monocytes ; Proteomics
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; IFNG protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0295312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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