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  1. Article: Nephronectin as a Matrix Effector in Cancer.

    Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Toraskar, Jimita / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Steigedal, Tonje S / Svineng, Gunbjørg

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 5

    Abstract: The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin plays an important regulatory role during embryonic development, controlling renal organogenesis through integrin α8β1 association. Nephronectin has three main domains: five N-terminal epidermal growth factor- ...

    Abstract The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin plays an important regulatory role during embryonic development, controlling renal organogenesis through integrin α8β1 association. Nephronectin has three main domains: five N-terminal epidermal growth factor-like domains, a linker region harbouring two integrin-binding motifs (RGD and LFEIFEIER), and a C-terminal MAM domain. In this review, we look into the domain-related functions of nephronectin, and tissue distribution and expression. During the last two decades it has become evident that nephronectin also plays a role during cancer progression and in particular metastasis. Nephronectin is overexpressed in both human and mouse breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue where the protein is absent. Cancer cells expressing elevated levels of nephronectin acquire increased ability to colonise distant organs. In particular, the enhancer-motif (LFEIFEIER) which is specific to the integrin α8β1 association induces viability via p38 MAPK and plays a role in colonization. Integrins have long been desired as therapeutic targets, where low efficiency and receptor redundancy have been major issues. Based on the summarised publications, the enhancer-motif of nephronectin could present a novel therapeutic target.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13050959
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The marine natural product mimic MPM-1 is cytolytic and induces DAMP release from human cancer cell lines.

    von Hofsten, Susannah / Paulsen, Marianne Hagensen / Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Ausbacher, Dominik / Kranz, Mathias / Bayer, Annette / Strøm, Morten B / Berge, Gerd

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 15586

    Abstract: Bioprospecting contributes to the discovery of new molecules with anticancer properties. Compounds with cytolytic activity and the ability to induce immunogenic cell death can be administered as intratumoral injections with the aim to activate anti-tumor ...

    Abstract Bioprospecting contributes to the discovery of new molecules with anticancer properties. Compounds with cytolytic activity and the ability to induce immunogenic cell death can be administered as intratumoral injections with the aim to activate anti-tumor immune responses by causing the release of tumor antigens as well as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying cancer cells. In the present study, we report the cytolytic and DAMP-releasing effects of a new natural product mimic termed MPM-1 that was inspired by the marine Eusynstyelamides. We found that MPM-1 rapidly killed cancer cells in vitro by inducing a necrosis-like death, which was accompanied by lysosomal swelling and perturbation of autophagy in HSC-3 (human oral squamous cell carcinoma) cells. MPM-1 also induced release of the DAMPs adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from Ramos (B-cell lymphoma) and HSC-3 cells, as well as cell surface expression of calreticulin in HSC-3 cells. This indicates that MPM-1 has the ability to induce immunogenic cell death, further suggesting that it may have potential as a novel anticancer compound.
    MeSH term(s) Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Alarmins/drug effects ; Alarmins/metabolism ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Calreticulin/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy ; Cell Line, Tumor ; HMGB1 Protein/drug effects ; HMGB1 Protein/metabolism ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Alarmins ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Biological Products ; Calreticulin ; HMGB1 Protein ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-19597-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Cleavage of the urokinase receptor (uPAR) on oral cancer cells: regulation by transforming growth factor - β1 (TGF-β1) and potential effects on migration and invasion.

    Magnussen, Synnove Norvoll / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Costea, Daniela Elena / Berg, Eli / Jacobsen, Cristiane Cavalcanti / Mortensen, Bente / Salo, Tuula / Martinez-Zubiaurre, Inigo / Winberg, Jan-Olof / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Svineng, Gunbjorg

    BMC cancer

    2017  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 350

    Abstract: Background: Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor (uPAR) is up-regulated at the invasive tumour front of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), indicating a role for uPAR in tumour progression. We previously observed elevated expression of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor (uPAR) is up-regulated at the invasive tumour front of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), indicating a role for uPAR in tumour progression. We previously observed elevated expression of uPAR at the tumour-stroma interface in a mouse model for OSCC, which was associated with increased proteolytic activity. The tumour microenvironment regulated uPAR expression, as well as its glycosylation and cleavage. Both full-length- and cleaved uPAR (uPAR (II-III)) are involved in highly regulated processes such as cell signalling, proliferation, migration, stem cell mobilization and invasion. The aim of the current study was to analyse tumour associated factors and their effect on uPAR cleavage, and the potential implications for cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
    Methods: Mouse uPAR was stably overexpressed in the mouse OSCC cell line AT84. The ratio of full-length versus cleaved uPAR as analysed by Western blotting and its regulation was assessed by addition of different protease inhibitors and transforming growth factor - β1 (TGF-β1). The role of uPAR cleavage in cell proliferation and migration was analysed using real-time cell analysis and invasion was assessed using the myoma invasion model.
    Results: We found that when uPAR was overexpressed a proportion of the receptor was cleaved, thus the cells presented both full-length uPAR and uPAR (II-III). Cleavage was mainly performed by serine proteases and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in particular. When the OSCC cells were stimulated with TGF-β1, the production of the uPA inhibitor PAI-1 was increased, resulting in a reduction of uPAR cleavage. By inhibiting cleavage of uPAR, cell migration was reduced, and by inhibiting uPA activity, invasion was reduced. We could also show that medium containing soluble uPAR (suPAR), and cleaved soluble uPAR (suPAR (II-III)), induced migration in OSCC cells with low endogenous levels of uPAR.
    Conclusions: These results show that soluble factors in the tumour microenvironment, such as TGF-β1, PAI-1 and uPA, can influence the ratio of full length and uPAR (II-III) and thereby potentially effect cell migration and invasion. Resolving how uPAR cleavage is controlled is therefore vital for understanding how OSCC progresses and potentially provides new targets for therapy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-017-3349-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo.

    Baumann, Julia / Tsao, Chih-Chieh / Patkar, Shalmali / Huang, Sheng-Fu / Francia, Simona / Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Gassmann, Max / Vogel, Johannes / Köster-Hegmann, Christina / Ogunshola, Omolara O

    Fluids and barriers of the CNS

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 6

    Abstract: Background: Ways to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ways to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability and functionality of the neurovascular unit as a whole. Identifying key drivers of astrocyte and pericyte responses that modify cell-cell interactions and crosstalk during injury is key. At the cellular level, injury-induced outcomes are closely entwined with activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. Studies clearly suggest that endothelial HIF-1 signalling increases blood-brain barrier permeability but the influence of perivascular HIF-1 induction on outcome is unknown. Using novel mouse lines with astrocyte and pericyte targeted HIF-1 loss of function, we herein show that vascular stability in vivo is differentially impacted by perivascular hypoxia-induced HIF-1 stabilization.
    Methods: To facilitate HIF-1 deletion in adult mice without developmental complications, novel Cre-inducible astrocyte-targeted (GFAP-CreER
    Results: Unexpectedly, hypoxia-induced vascular remodelling was unaffected by HIF-1 loss of function in the two astrocyte lines but effectively blocked in the pericyte line. In correlation, hypoxia-induced barrier permeability and water accumulation were abrogated only in pericyte targeted HIF-1 loss of function mice. In contrast to expectation, brain and serum levels of hypoxia-induced VEGF, TGF-β and MMPs (genes known to mediate vascular remodelling) were unaffected by HIF-1 deletion in all lines. However, in agreement with the permeability data, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy showed clear prevention of hypoxia-induced tight junction disruption in the pericyte loss of function line.
    Conclusion: This study shows that pericyte but not astrocyte HIF-1 stabilization modulates endothelial tight junction functionality and thereby plays a pivotal role in hypoxia-induced vascular dysfunction. Whether the cells respond similarly or differentially to other injury stimuli will be of significant relevance.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Capillary Permeability/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Hypoxia/metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Pericytes/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2595406-4
    ISSN 2045-8118 ; 2045-8118
    ISSN (online) 2045-8118
    ISSN 2045-8118
    DOI 10.1186/s12987-021-00302-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Validation of Selected Head and Neck Cancer Prognostic Markers from the Pathology Atlas in an Oral Tongue Cancer Cohort.

    Wirsing, Anna Maria / Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Steigen, Sonja Eriksson / Rikardsen, Oddveig / Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Hegge, Beate / Seppola, Marit / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Hadler-Olsen, Elin

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 10

    Abstract: The Pathology Atlas is an open-access database that reports the prognostic value of protein-coding transcripts in 17 cancers, including head and neck cancer. However, cancers of the various head and neck anatomical sites are specific biological entities. ...

    Abstract The Pathology Atlas is an open-access database that reports the prognostic value of protein-coding transcripts in 17 cancers, including head and neck cancer. However, cancers of the various head and neck anatomical sites are specific biological entities. Thus, the aim of the present study was to validate promising prognostic markers for head and neck cancer reported in the Pathology Atlas in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). We selected three promising markers from the Pathology Atlas (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13102387
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  6. Article ; Online: Nephronectin promotes breast cancer brain metastatic colonization via its integrin-binding domains

    Synnøve Norvoll Magnussen / Jimita Toraskar / Imola Wilhelm / Janos Hasko / Stine Linn Figenschau / Judit Molnar / Marit Seppola / Sonja E. Steigen / Tonje S. Steigedal / Elin Hadler-Olsen / Istvan A. Krizbai / Gunbjørg Svineng

    Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract This study demonstrates a role for the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in promoting experimental breast cancer brain metastasis, possibly through enhanced binding to- and migration through brain endothelial cells. With the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract This study demonstrates a role for the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in promoting experimental breast cancer brain metastasis, possibly through enhanced binding to- and migration through brain endothelial cells. With the introduction of more targeted breast cancer treatments, a prolonged survival has resulted during the last decade. Consequently, an increased number of patients develop metastasis in the brain, a challenging organ to treat. We recently reported that NPNT was highly expressed in primary breast cancer and associated with unfavourable prognosis. The current study addresses our hypothesis that NPNT promotes brain metastases through its integrin-binding motifs. SAGE-sequencing revealed that NPNT was significantly up-regulated in human breast cancer tissue compared to pair-matched normal breast tissue. Human brain metastatic breast cancers expressed both NPNT and its receptor, integrin α8β1. Using an open access repository; BreastMark, we found a correlation between high NPNT mRNA levels and poor prognosis for patients with the luminal B subtype. The 66cl4 mouse cell line was used for expression of wild-type and mutant NPNT, which is unable to bind α8β1. Using an in vivo model of brain metastatic colonization, 66cl4-NPNT cells showed an increased ability to form metastatic lesions compared to cells with mutant NPNT, possibly through reduced endothelial adhesion and transmigration.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Nephronectin promotes breast cancer brain metastatic colonization via its integrin-binding domains.

    Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Toraskar, Jimita / Wilhelm, Imola / Hasko, Janos / Figenschau, Stine Linn / Molnar, Judit / Seppola, Marit / Steigen, Sonja E / Steigedal, Tonje S / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Krizbai, Istvan A / Svineng, Gunbjørg

    Scientific reports

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 12237

    Abstract: This study demonstrates a role for the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in promoting experimental breast cancer brain metastasis, possibly through enhanced binding to- and migration through brain endothelial cells. With the introduction ... ...

    Abstract This study demonstrates a role for the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in promoting experimental breast cancer brain metastasis, possibly through enhanced binding to- and migration through brain endothelial cells. With the introduction of more targeted breast cancer treatments, a prolonged survival has resulted during the last decade. Consequently, an increased number of patients develop metastasis in the brain, a challenging organ to treat. We recently reported that NPNT was highly expressed in primary breast cancer and associated with unfavourable prognosis. The current study addresses our hypothesis that NPNT promotes brain metastases through its integrin-binding motifs. SAGE-sequencing revealed that NPNT was significantly up-regulated in human breast cancer tissue compared to pair-matched normal breast tissue. Human brain metastatic breast cancers expressed both NPNT and its receptor, integrin α8β1. Using an open access repository; BreastMark, we found a correlation between high NPNT mRNA levels and poor prognosis for patients with the luminal B subtype. The 66cl4 mouse cell line was used for expression of wild-type and mutant NPNT, which is unable to bind α8β1. Using an in vivo model of brain metastatic colonization, 66cl4-NPNT cells showed an increased ability to form metastatic lesions compared to cells with mutant NPNT, possibly through reduced endothelial adhesion and transmigration.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Breast/metabolism ; Breast/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Integrins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Integrins ; RNA, Messenger ; integrin alpha8beta1 ; nephronectin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-69242-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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