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Article: Comparison of random urine protein/creatinine ratio with 24-hour urine protein in suspected pre-eclampsia.

Olayinka, Lily / Garnett, Emily / Burnett, Brian / Devaraj, Sridevi

2023 Volume 36, Page(s) e00316

Abstract: Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the classical criteria for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The gold standard remains the measurement of 24-h urine protein which is time consuming and prone to preanalytical errors. Random urine protein creatinine ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the classical criteria for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The gold standard remains the measurement of 24-h urine protein which is time consuming and prone to preanalytical errors. Random urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) is endorsed by clinical practice guidelines as a faster alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the 24-h urine protein excretion and UPCR in the identification of proteinuria in suspected preeclamptic patients. Method: A total of 51 women with suspected pre-eclampsia from the maternal fetal clinic of our institution were retrospectively studied. The correlation between the UPCR in random urine samples and protein excretion in the 24-h urine collection was determined by Deming Regression analysis and Pearson correlation on EP evaluator and SPSS respectively. Result: There was a significant positive correlation between the numerical values obtained by 24-h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive agreement for proteinuria between methods (>300 mg/24hr and >0.3) and 71.4% negative agreement. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the UPCR was 74% and 69% respectively. Conclusion: Overall, UPCR was well correlated with 24-h urine protein and could be an effective and compliant screening tool to indicate proteinuria in preeclamptic patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834973-8
ISSN	2352-5517
ISSN	2352-5517
DOI	10.1016/j.plabm.2023.e00316
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Emerging biological functions of ribonuclease 1 and angiogenin.

Garnett, Emily R / Raines, Ronald T

Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

2021 Volume 57, Issue 3, Page(s) 244–260

Abstract: Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) are a large family of vertebrate-specific secretory endoribonucleases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of many RNA substrates and thereby mediate a variety of biological functions. Though the homology of ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) are a large family of vertebrate-specific secretory endoribonucleases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of many RNA substrates and thereby mediate a variety of biological functions. Though the homology of ptRNases has informed biochemical characterization and evolutionary analyses, the understanding of their biological roles is incomplete. Here, we review the functions of two ptRNases: RNase 1 and angiogenin. RNase 1, which is an abundant ptRNase with high catalytic activity, has newly discovered roles in inflammation and blood coagulation. Angiogenin, which promotes neovascularization, is now known to play roles in the progression of cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as in the cellular stress response. Ongoing work is illuminating the biology of these and other ptRNases.
MeSH term(s)	Endoribonucleases ; RNA ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/chemistry ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/genetics ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism ; Ribonucleases/genetics ; Ribonucleases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0) ; Endoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Ribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; angiogenin (EC 3.1.27.-) ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic (EC 3.1.27.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1000977-2
ISSN	1549-7798 ; 1381-3455 ; 1040-9238
ISSN (online)	1549-7798
ISSN	1381-3455 ; 1040-9238
DOI	10.1080/10409238.2021.2004577
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Article ; Online: Comparison of random urine protein/creatinine ratio with 24-hour urine protein in suspected pre-eclampsia

Lily Olayinka / Emily Garnett / Brian Burnett / Sridevi Devaraj

Practical Laboratory Medicine, Vol 36, Iss , Pp e00316- (2023)

2023

Abstract	Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the classical criteria for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The gold standard remains the measurement of 24-h urine protein which is time consuming and prone to preanalytical errors. Random urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) is endorsed by clinical practice guidelines as a faster alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the 24-h urine protein excretion and UPCR in the identification of proteinuria in suspected preeclamptic patients. Method: A total of 51 women with suspected pre-eclampsia from the maternal fetal clinic of our institution were retrospectively studied. The correlation between the UPCR in random urine samples and protein excretion in the 24-h urine collection was determined by Deming Regression analysis and Pearson correlation on EP evaluator and SPSS respectively. Result: There was a significant positive correlation between the numerical values obtained by 24-h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive agreement for proteinuria between methods (>300 mg/24hr and >0.3) and 71.4% negative agreement. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the UPCR was 74% and 69% respectively. Conclusion: Overall, UPCR was well correlated with 24-h urine protein and could be an effective and compliant screening tool to indicate proteinuria in preeclamptic patients.
Keywords	Pre-eclampsia ; Protein-creatinine-ratio ; Proteinuria ; 24-H urine protein excretion ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Brain activity during the preparation and production of spontaneous speech in children with persistent stuttering.

Chow, Ho Ming / Garnett, Emily O / Ratner, Nan Bernstein / Chang, Soo-Eun

NeuroImage. Clinical

2023 Volume 38, Page(s) 103413

Abstract: Speech production forms the basis for human verbal communication. Though fluent speech production is effortless and automatic for most people, it is disrupted in speakers who stutter, who experience difficulties especially during spontaneous speech and ... ...

Abstract	Speech production forms the basis for human verbal communication. Though fluent speech production is effortless and automatic for most people, it is disrupted in speakers who stutter, who experience difficulties especially during spontaneous speech and at utterance onsets. Brain areas comprising the basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) motor loop have been a focus of interest in the context of stuttering, given this circuit's critical role in initiating and sequencing connected speech. Despite the importance of better understanding the role of the BGTC motor loop in supporting overt, spontaneous speech production, capturing brain activity during speech has been challenging to date, due to fMRI artifacts associated with severe head motions during speech production. Here, using an advanced technique that removes speech-related artifacts from fMRI signals, we examined brain activity occurring immediately before, and during, overt spontaneous speech production in 22 children with persistent stuttering (CWS) and 18 children who do not stutter (controls) in the 5-to-12-year age range. Brain activity during speech production was compared in two conditions: spontaneous speech (i.e., requiring language formulation) and automatic speech (i.e., overlearned word sequences). Compared to controls, CWS exhibited significantly reduced left premotor activation during spontaneous speech production but not during automatic speech. Moreover, CWS showed an age-related reduction in left putamen and thalamus activation during speech preparation. These results provide further evidence that stuttering is associated with functional deficits in the BGTC motor loop, which are exacerbated during spontaneous speech production.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Speech/physiology ; Stuttering/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Language ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2701571-3
ISSN	2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
ISSN (online)	2213-1582
ISSN	2213-1582
DOI	10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103413
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Article ; Online: Pediatric vitamin D: Pseudo-hypervitaminosis.

Olayinka, Lily / Poventud-Fuentes, Izmarie / Garnett, Emily / Devaraj, Sridevi

Journal of clinical laboratory analysis

2023 Volume 37, Issue 13-14, Page(s) e24950

Abstract: Background: Vitamin D toxicity is rare in pediatric population. Falsely elevated levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been reported as a major challenge with immunoassay methods for quantifying vitamin D metabolites.: Case presentation and method: Here, ...

Abstract	Background: Vitamin D toxicity is rare in pediatric population. Falsely elevated levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been reported as a major challenge with immunoassay methods for quantifying vitamin D metabolites. Case presentation and method: Here, we present two pediatric cases of falsely elevated 25-hydroxyvitamin D that resulted in unnecessary further testing. We also report significant same-day variation in the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D using the Abbott i2000SR immunoassay. Samples were spun twice and their values were confirmed with the gold standard liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for confirmation. Conclusion: The addition of a centrifugation step prior to sample testing resolved the variation observed in the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The patient samples were confirmed with instruments from a different vendor and LC-MS/MS. Re-centrifugation of samples resolved the variation in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D values.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Chromatography, Liquid/methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Vitamin D ; Calcifediol ; Vitamins ; Immunoassay/methods ; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Calcifediol (P6YZ13C99Q) ; Vitamins ; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 (21343-40-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	645095-7
ISSN	1098-2825 ; 0887-8013
ISSN (online)	1098-2825
ISSN	0887-8013
DOI	10.1002/jcla.24950
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Book ; Online: The Development and Application of the RAND Program Classification Tool

Acosta, Joie D / Gonzalez, Gabriella C / Gillen, Emily M / Garnett, Jeffrey / Farmer, Carrie M

The RAND Toolkit, Volume 1

2014

Keywords	Personnel & human resources management ; Neurology & clinical neurophysiology ; Abnormal psychology ; Psychology ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; Health Sciences
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource
Publisher	RAND Corporation
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030612746
ISBN	9780833059420 ; 0833059424
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Brain developmental trajectories associated with childhood stuttering persistence and recovery.

Chow, Ho Ming / Garnett, Emily O / Koenraads, Simone P C / Chang, Soo-Eun

Developmental cognitive neuroscience

2023 Volume 60, Page(s) 101224

Abstract: Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 5-8 % of preschool-age children, continuing into adulthood in 1 % of the population. The neural mechanisms underlying persistence and recovery from stuttering remain unclear and little information ... ...

Abstract	Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 5-8 % of preschool-age children, continuing into adulthood in 1 % of the population. The neural mechanisms underlying persistence and recovery from stuttering remain unclear and little information exists on neurodevelopmental anomalies in children who stutter (CWS) during preschool age, when stuttering symptoms typically first emerge. Here we present findings from the largest longitudinal study of childhood stuttering to date, comparing children with persistent stuttering (pCWS) and those who later recovered from stuttering (rCWS) with age-matched fluent peers, to examine the developmental trajectories of both gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) using voxel-based morphometry. A total of 470 MRI scans were analyzed from 95 CWS (72 pCWS and 23 rCWS) and 95 fluent peers between 3 and 12 years of age. We examined overall group and group by age interactions in GMV and WMV in preschool age (3-5 years old) and school age (6-12 years old) CWS and controls, controlling for sex, IQ, intracranial volume, and socioeconomic status. The results provide broad support for a possible basal ganglia-thalamocortical (BGTC) network deficit starting in the earliest phases of the disorder and point to normalization or compensation of earlier occurring structural changes associated with stuttering recovery.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Stuttering ; Longitudinal Studies ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Cortex ; White Matter ; Speech
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2572271-2
ISSN	1878-9307 ; 1878-9307
ISSN (online)	1878-9307
ISSN	1878-9307
DOI	10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101224
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Comparison of Cystatin C and Creatinine-Based Equations with Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Diverse Pediatric Population.

Poventud-Fuentes, Izmarie / Garnett, Emily / Akcan-Arikan, Ayse / Devaraj, Sridevi

The journal of applied laboratory medicine

2022 Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 1016–1024

Abstract: Background: Accurate assessment of kidney function is essential for early detection of kidney damage. While measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is occasionally used as a reference, estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum creatinine- and cystatin C (CysC)- ...

Abstract	Background: Accurate assessment of kidney function is essential for early detection of kidney damage. While measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is occasionally used as a reference, estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum creatinine- and cystatin C (CysC)-based equations are routinely used in clinical practice as a reliable and less invasive approach. In pediatric populations, CysC-based equations provide a closer approximation as they are independent of body composition. Limited information is available on the performance of CysC-based equations in comparison with mGFR with tracers other than iohexol. Therefore, the goal of our study was to evaluate how eGFR, based on several CysC- and creatinine-based equations, with and without race correction, relates to mGFR in a diverse pediatric population. Methods: A total of 43 patients (7 months to 21 years) from diverse race/ethnicity were retrospectively studied to compare the mGFR from multiple blood sample collections after intravenous tracer injection (Tc-99mDTPA) with eGFR using 9 equations. Deming regression analyses were performed to assess correlation between the mGFR and eGFRs. Results: The average mGFR for this cohort was 95.0 mL/min/1.73 m2. Race-corrected (RC) equations gave overestimated eGFR across all ethnic groups, with the lowest bias for Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) CysC-creatinine (34.14 mL/min/1.73 m2). The best correlations to mGFR, percentage of eGFR within 30% of mGFR (P30), and lowest biases were from non-race-corrected (NRC) equations Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) (0.6460, 65.1%, 2.86 mL/min/1.73 m2), CKD-EPI CysC (0.6858, 69.8%, 11.01 mL/min/1.73 m2), and Schwartz CysC (0.6876, 79.1%, -14.00 mL/min/1.73 m2). Conclusion: Overall, CysC-based equations without race correction provide a good approximation of mGFR and a less invasive alternative to monitoring kidney function in pediatric population, irrespective of race/ethnicity.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Creatinine/blood ; Cystatin C/blood ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Cystatin C ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2576-9456
ISSN	2576-9456
DOI	10.1093/jalm/jfac043
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Brain activity during the preparation and production of spontaneous speech in children with persistent stuttering

Ho Ming Chow / Emily O. Garnett / Nan Bernstein Ratner / Soo-Eun Chang

NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 38, Iss , Pp 103413- (2023)

2023

Abstract	Speech production forms the basis for human verbal communication. Though fluent speech production is effortless and automatic for most people, it is disrupted in speakers who stutter, who experience difficulties especially during spontaneous speech and at utterance onsets. Brain areas comprising the basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) motor loop have been a focus of interest in the context of stuttering, given this circuit’s critical role in initiating and sequencing connected speech. Despite the importance of better understanding the role of the BGTC motor loop in supporting overt, spontaneous speech production, capturing brain activity during speech has been challenging to date, due to fMRI artifacts associated with severe head motions during speech production. Here, using an advanced technique that removes speech-related artifacts from fMRI signals, we examined brain activity occurring immediately before, and during, overt spontaneous speech production in 22 children with persistent stuttering (CWS) and 18 children who do not stutter (controls) in the 5-to-12-year age range. Brain activity during speech production was compared in two conditions: spontaneous speech (i.e., requiring language formulation) and automatic speech (i.e., overlearned word sequences). Compared to controls, CWS exhibited significantly reduced left premotor activation during spontaneous speech production but not during automatic speech. Moreover, CWS showed an age-related reduction in left putamen and thalamus activation during speech preparation. These results provide further evidence that stuttering is associated with functional deficits in the BGTC motor loop, which are exacerbated during spontaneous speech production.
Keywords	fMRI de-noising ; Speech motor planning ; Speech production ; Basal ganglia ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429
Subject code	410
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A comparison of structural morphometry in children and adults with persistent developmental stuttering.

Miller, Hilary E / Garnett, Emily O / Heller Murray, Elizabeth S / Nieto-Castañón, Alfonso / Tourville, Jason A / Chang, Soo-Eun / Guenther, Frank H

Brain communications

2023 Volume 5, Issue 6, Page(s) fcad301

Abstract: This cross-sectional study aimed to differentiate earlier occurring neuroanatomical differences that may reflect core deficits in stuttering versus changes associated with a longer duration of stuttering by analysing structural morphometry in a large ... ...

Abstract	This cross-sectional study aimed to differentiate earlier occurring neuroanatomical differences that may reflect core deficits in stuttering versus changes associated with a longer duration of stuttering by analysing structural morphometry in a large sample of children and adults who stutter and age-matched controls. Whole-brain T
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2632-1297
ISSN (online)	2632-1297
DOI	10.1093/braincomms/fcad301
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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