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Article: Chemoradiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer.

D'Onofrio, Ida / Nardone, Valerio / Reginelli, Alfonso / Cappabianca, Salvatore

2023 Volume 15, Issue 10

Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly challenging cancer [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly challenging cancer [...].
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15102820
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Article ; Online: Correction: Pelvic ring fractures with concomitant large hematomas: diagnostic investigation with arteriography and eventual embolization in 157 trauma patients, with or without contrast extravasation at emergency CT.

Giurazza, Francesco / Pane, Francesco / Roccatagliata, Pietro / Casciano, Eduardo / Corvino, Fabio / Festa, Patrizio / Ponticiello, Gianluca / Cappabianca, Salvatore / Romano, Luigia / Niola, Raffaella

La Radiologia medica

2023 Volume 128, Issue 12, Page(s) 1599

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	205751-7
ISSN	1826-6983 ; 0033-8362
ISSN (online)	1826-6983
ISSN	0033-8362
DOI	10.1007/s11547-023-01729-z
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Article: MRI findings in patient with primary cutaneous nocardiosis: A case report.

Reginelli, Alfonso / Russo, Anna / Pignatiello, Maria / Patanè, Vittorio / Laterza, Fabio / Monti, Riccardo / Urraro, Fabrizio / Caliendo, Valentina / Cappabianca, Salvatore

Radiology case reports

2023 Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 2199–2203

Abstract: Nocardia is a genus of gram-positive, filamentous, aerobic bacteria that belongs to the Actinomycetales order. With over 50 species, it is ubiquitous in dust, soil, decaying organic matter, and stagnant water. Inhalation of the pathogen often leads to ... ...

Abstract	Nocardia is a genus of gram-positive, filamentous, aerobic bacteria that belongs to the Actinomycetales order. With over 50 species, it is ubiquitous in dust, soil, decaying organic matter, and stagnant water. Inhalation of the pathogen often leads to pulmonary nocardiosis, while extrapulmonary nocardiosis can affect the central nervous system, skin, and subcutaneous tissues. Primary cutaneous nocardiosis occurs when the pathogen is introduced through a skin lesion or insect bite, for example, this report presents a case of primary cutaneous nocardiosis in a patient with Minimal Change Glomerulonephritis and iatrogenic immunosuppression. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive involvement of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and lower limb muscles.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2406300-9
ISSN	1930-0433
ISSN	1930-0433
DOI	10.1016/j.radcr.2023.03.005
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Article: The Role of Dual-Energy CT for the Assessment of Liver Metastasis Response to Treatment: Above the RECIST 1.1 Criteria.

Reginelli, Alfonso / Del Canto, Mariateresa / Clemente, Alfredo / Gragnano, Eduardo / Cioce, Fabrizio / Urraro, Fabrizio / Martinelli, Erika / Cappabianca, Salvatore

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Imaging assessment of liver lesions is fundamental to predict therapeutic response and improve patient survival rates. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) is an increasingly used technique in the oncologic field with many emerging applications. The ... ...

Abstract	Imaging assessment of liver lesions is fundamental to predict therapeutic response and improve patient survival rates. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) is an increasingly used technique in the oncologic field with many emerging applications. The assessment of iodine concentration within a liver lesion reflects the biological properties of the tumor and provides additional information to radiologists that is normally invisible to the human eye. The possibility to predict tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic response based on quantitative and reproducible parameters obtainable from DECT images could improve clinical decisions and drive oncologists to choose the best therapy according to metastasis biological features. Moreover, in comparison with standard dimensional criteria, DECT provides further data on the cancer microenvironment, especially for patients treated with antiangiogenic-based drugs, in which tumor shrinkage is a late parameter of response. We investigated the predictive role of DECT in the early assessment of liver metastasis response to treatment in comparison with standard dimensional criteria during antiangiogenetic-based therapy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12030879
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Article: Post-Procedural Follow-Up of the Interventional Radiology's Management of Osteoid Osteomas and Osteoblastomas.

Acanfora, Chiara / Grassi, Enrico / Giacobbe, Giuliana / Ferrante, Marilina / Granata, Vincenza / Barile, Antonio / Cappabianca, Salvatore

Journal of clinical medicine

2022 Volume 11, Issue 7

Abstract: The family of painful osteocytic tumors includes osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas-these lesions are considered benign, but they could produce a significant painful symptomatology. Usually, people affected are between 20 s and 30 s. When symptomatic, ... ...

Abstract	The family of painful osteocytic tumors includes osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas-these lesions are considered benign, but they could produce a significant painful symptomatology. Usually, people affected are between 20 s and 30 s. When symptomatic, an effective treatment is mandatory for the management of these lesions to allow for a ful quality of life. The possibilities of treatment range from chirurgical en-block resection (procedure of surgical oncology aiming to remove a tumoral mass in its entirety, completely surrounded by a continuous layer of healthy tissue) to interventional approaches that, nowadays, are considered the most affordable and sustainable in terms of effectiveness, recovery after procedure, and for bone structure sparing. The main techniques used for osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas are radio frequency ablation (RFA) and magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS): the most important difference between these approaches is the needleless approach of MRgFUS, which further reduces the minimal invasiveness of RFA (and the related consequences) and the absence of exposure to ionizing radiation. Despite their high efficacy, a recurrence of pathology may occur due to a failure in therapy. In light of this, describing the various possibilities of follow up protocols and the imaging aspects of recurrence or incomplete treatment is mandatory. In the scenario given in the literature, many authors have tried to asses an organized follow up protocol of these patients, but many of them did not undergo periodical magnetic resonance (MR) or computerized tomography (CT) because of the lack of symptomatology. However, even if it seems that clinical evolution is central, different papers describe the protocol useful to detect eventual relapse. The aim of our manuscript is to review the various possibilities of follow-up of these patients and to bring together the most salient aspects found during the management of these osteocytic bone lesions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11071987
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Article: Safety and Aesthetics of Autologous Dermis-Fat Graft after Parotidectomy: A Multidisciplinary Retrospective Study.

Boschetti, Ciro Emiliano / Vitagliano, Rita / Cornacchini, Nicola / Santagata, Mario / Caliendo, Valentina / Belfiore, Maria Paola / Colella, Giuseppe / Tartaro, Gianpaolo / Cappabianca, Salvatore

Journal of personalized medicine

2023 Volume 13, Issue 8

Abstract: 1) Background: In surgical procedures for maxillofacial tumours, it is challenging to preserve functional and cosmetic properties in the affected patients. The use of fat grafting is considered as a valuable alternative to overcome postoperative ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: In surgical procedures for maxillofacial tumours, it is challenging to preserve functional and cosmetic properties in the affected patients. The use of fat grafting is considered as a valuable alternative to overcome postoperative aesthetic asymmetry problems. (2) Methods: In this study, we enrolled thirty patients with parotid gland tumours in which a partial or complete parotidectomy was performed with positioning in the parotid bed of autologous dermis-fat grafts. We evaluated the satisfaction rate of the patients and the objective efficacy in solving the deformity by comparing MRI data before and after surgery. (3) Results: Twenty-six patients showed a satisfying cosmetic result with proper facial symmetry between the affected side and the healthy one. Two patients presented mild postsurgical complications such as haematomas, and two patients reported temporary weakness of the facial nerve related to the parotidectomy. (4) Conclusions: Based on the imaging data obtained via MRI before and after surgery, we can assess that the employment of fat grafts in parotidectomy surgical procedures gives good cosmetic results and does not affect the post operative management and follow up of oncologic patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm13081200
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Article ; Online: A singular case of primary aorto-duodenal fistula without pre-existing abdominal aortic aneurism: why and when you should suspect it.

Vacca, Giovanna / De Berardinis, Claudia / Cappabianca, Salvatore / Vanzulli, Angelo

BJR case reports

2021 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 20210143

Abstract: Although gastrointestinal hemorrhage from aorto-enteric fistulae (AEF) secondary to previous aortic grafts are well known, a primary aorto-enteric fistula (PAEF) without aortic aneurysm is an extremely rare event resulting in poor prognosis and outcome. ... ...

Abstract	Although gastrointestinal hemorrhage from aorto-enteric fistulae (AEF) secondary to previous aortic grafts are well known, a primary aorto-enteric fistula (PAEF) without aortic aneurysm is an extremely rare event resulting in poor prognosis and outcome. PAEF is a rare cause of gastro-intestinal (GI) bleeding that radiologists should consider because often its presence is not easily guessed by clinical features. It is difficult to detect at CT examination therefore PAEF might be not diagnosed until a laparotomy. We report a case of a 74-year-old Italian male who presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with brightly red rectal bleeding that occurred from some hours and a pre-syncopal episode. There was no history of analgesic abuse, peptic ulceration, alcohol excess, and weight loss. Standard resuscitation was commenced with the hope that common sources of bleeding such as peptic ulcers or varices would eventually be discovered by endoscopy and treated definitely. An upper GI endoscopy showed brightly red blood in the stomach and in the first portions of duodenum, but no source of active bleeding was found. Diagnosis of PAEF was made by CT and after confirmed during surgical intervention. Both the duodenum and the aorta were successfully repaired by direct suture and synthetic graft replacement, respectively. Diagnosis of primary aortic duodenal fistula (ADF) has been very difficult in this case especially because our patient did not have abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) history confirmed by CT examination. Radiologist should remember that upper GI bleeding could however be determined by primary ADF also if atherosclerotic damage is severe as in this case. A technically good and complete exam is mandatory to achieve this rare and complex diagnosis. Particularly, an ultra-tardive acquisition phase (5 min after contrast administration) could be helpful to suspect the presence of PADF: the appearance of contrast into the duodenal lumen is an evocative sign useful to increase clinical and radiological suspicious of ADF. Gl bleeding should be assumed to be caused from a PAEF unless another source can be identified without delay. A timely and accurate diagnosis of primary AEF may be challenging due to insidious episodes of GI bleeding, which are frequently under diagnosed until the occurrence of massive hemorrhage.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2055-7159
ISSN (online)	2055-7159
DOI	10.1259/bjrcr.20210143
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Article ; Online: Pelvic ring fractures with concomitant large hematomas: diagnostic investigation with arteriography and eventual embolization in 157 trauma patients, with or without contrast extravasation at emergency CT.

La Radiologia medica

2023 Volume 128, Issue 11, Page(s) 1429–1439

Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of pelvic arteriography in patients with pelvic ring fractures and associated large hematomas, in both cases of positive or negative findings of contrast agent extravasation at emergency CT; in ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of pelvic arteriography in patients with pelvic ring fractures and associated large hematomas, in both cases of positive or negative findings of contrast agent extravasation at emergency CT; in those patients with positive DSA subsequently treated with embolization, correlations with clinical-radiological parameters were investigated. Materials and methods: In this single-center retrospective study, patients with acute blunt pelvic trauma showing at CT pelvic ring fractures with associated large (> 3 cm) hematoma, with or without signs of arterial bleeding, were investigated with DSA. Technical success was considered radiographic bleeding control with disappearance of angiographic bleeding; clinical success was defined as clinical bleeding control hemodynamically stable, before applying other surgical maneuvers. Pelvic ring fractures were evaluated according to Tile classification system. Results: One hundred and fifty-seven patients, mean age 54years, were analyzed. 70.7% had polytrauma; 14.6% patients assumed antiplatelets and/or anticoagulation therapy. False-negative and false-positive rates at CT were 29.6% and 27.1%, respectively. Polytrauma and B3/C1 Tile pattern fractures were significantly associated with bleeding signs at DSA. Seventy-two patients required embolization: 52.8% showed direct signs of DSA bleeding; among these, technical and clinical successes were 88.8% and 81.9%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, patients with pelvic ring fractures and concomitant hematomas > 3 cm, with or without contrast extravasation at CT, have been examined in depth with DSA focusing on both direct and indirect angiographic signs of bleeding, finding polytrauma and Tile fracture patterns B3/C1 predictive factors for arterial hemorrhage detection at DSA despite negative CT findings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Angiography ; Hematoma/diagnostic imaging ; Hematoma/etiology ; Hematoma/therapy ; Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Hemorrhage/therapy ; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/diagnostic imaging ; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/therapy ; Fractures, Bone/complications ; Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Fractures, Bone/therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/diagnostic imaging ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/therapy ; Multiple Trauma
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	205751-7
ISSN	1826-6983 ; 0033-8362
ISSN (online)	1826-6983
ISSN	0033-8362
DOI	10.1007/s11547-023-01714-6
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Article ; Online: FASN multi-omic characterization reveals metabolic heterogeneity in pancreatic and prostate adenocarcinoma.

Chianese, Ugo / Papulino, Chiara / Ali, Ahmad / Ciardiello, Fortunato / Cappabianca, Salvatore / Altucci, Lucia / Carafa, Vincenzo / Benedetti, Rosaria

Journal of translational medicine

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 32

Abstract: Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and prostate cancer (PCa) are among the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. There is now a comprehensive understanding of metabolic reprogramming as a hallmark of cancer. Fatty acid synthase ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and prostate cancer (PCa) are among the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. There is now a comprehensive understanding of metabolic reprogramming as a hallmark of cancer. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key regulator of the lipid metabolic network, providing energy to favor tumor proliferation and development. Whereas the biological role of FASN is known, its response and sensitivity to inhibition have not yet been fully established in these two cancer settings. Methods: To evaluate the association between FASN expression, methylation, prognosis, and mutational profile in PDAC and PCa, we interrogated public databases and surveyed online platforms using TCGA data. The STRING database was used to investigate FASN interactors, and the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis platform Reactome database was used to perform an enrichment analysis using data from RNA sequencing public databases of PDAC and PCa. In vitro models using PDAC and PCa cell lines were used to corroborate the expression of FASN, as shown by Western blot, and the effects of FASN inhibition on cell proliferation/cell cycle progression and mitochondrial respiration were investigated with MTT, colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis and MitoStress Test. Results: The expression of FASN was not modulated in PDAC compared to normal pancreatic tissues, while it was overexpressed in PCa, which also displayed a different level of promoter methylation. Based on tumor grade, FASN expression decreased in advanced stages of PDAC, but increased in PCa. A low incidence of FASN mutations was found for both tumors. FASN was overexpressed in PCa, despite not reaching statistical significance, and was associated with a worse prognosis than in PDAC. The biological role of FASN interactors correlated with lipid metabolism, and GSEA indicated that lipid-mediated mitochondrial respiration was enriched in PCa. Following validation of FASN overexpression in PCa compared to PDAC in vitro, we tested TVB-2640 as a FASN inhibitor. PCa proliferation arrest was modulated by FASN inhibition in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whereas PDAC proliferation was not altered. In line with this finding, mitochondrial respiration was found to be more affected in PCa than in PDAC. FASN inhibition interfered with metabolic signaling causing lipid accumulation and affecting cell viability with an impact on the replicative processes. Conclusions: FASN exhibited differential expression patterns in PDAC and PCa, suggesting a different evolution during cancer progression. This was corroborated by the fact that both tumors responded differently to FASN inhibition in terms of proliferative potential and mitochondrial respiration, indicating that its use should reflect context specificity.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Multiomics ; Prostate/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology ; Fatty Acid Synthases/genetics ; Fatty Acid Synthases/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Lipids ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/genetics ; Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acid Synthases (EC 2.3.1.85) ; Lipids ; FASN protein, human (EC 2.3.1.85) ; Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I (EC 2.3.1.85)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2118570-0
ISSN	1479-5876 ; 1479-5876
ISSN (online)	1479-5876
ISSN	1479-5876
DOI	10.1186/s12967-023-03874-5
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Article ; Online: Epigenetic mechanisms underlying prostate cancer radioresistance.

Macedo-Silva, Catarina / Benedetti, Rosaria / Ciardiello, Fortunato / Cappabianca, Salvatore / Jerónimo, Carmen / Altucci, Lucia

Clinical epigenetics

2021 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 125

Abstract: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the mainstay treatments for prostate cancer (PCa), a highly prevalent neoplasm among males worldwide. About 30% of newly diagnosed PCa patients receive RT with a curative intent. However, biochemical relapse occurs in 20-40% ... ...

Abstract	Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the mainstay treatments for prostate cancer (PCa), a highly prevalent neoplasm among males worldwide. About 30% of newly diagnosed PCa patients receive RT with a curative intent. However, biochemical relapse occurs in 20-40% of advanced PCa treated with RT either alone or in combination with adjuvant-hormonal therapy. Epigenetic alterations, frequently associated with molecular variations in PCa, contribute to the acquisition of a radioresistant phenotype. Increased DNA damage repair and cell cycle deregulation decreases radio-response in PCa patients. Moreover, the interplay between epigenome and cell growth pathways is extensively described in published literature. Importantly, as the clinical pattern of PCa ranges from an indolent tumor to an aggressive disease, discovering specific targetable epigenetic molecules able to overcome and predict PCa radioresistance is urgently needed. Currently, histone-deacetylase and DNA-methyltransferase inhibitors are the most studied classes of chromatin-modifying drugs (so-called 'epidrugs') within cancer radiosensitization context. Nonetheless, the lack of reliable validation trials is a foremost drawback. This review summarizes the major epigenetically induced changes in radioresistant-like PCa cells and describes recently reported targeted epigenetic therapies in pre-clinical and clinical settings.
MeSH term(s)	Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics ; Epigenomics/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Radiation Tolerance/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2553921-8
ISSN	1868-7083 ; 1868-7075
ISSN (online)	1868-7083
ISSN	1868-7075
DOI	10.1186/s13148-021-01111-8
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