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Article: [Seizure Semiology and Functional Anatomy in the Cerebral Cortex].

Maesawa, Satoshi / Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Saito, Ryuta

2023 Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–28

Abstract: Understanding the semiology and underlying anatomy of each seizure is essential for epilepsy surgeons. According to the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)classification in 2017, seizure types are classified as focal, generalized, or unknown ... ...

Abstract	Understanding the semiology and underlying anatomy of each seizure is essential for epilepsy surgeons. According to the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)classification in 2017, seizure types are classified as focal, generalized, or unknown onset, all of which are further classified as motor or non-motor onset. Impairment of awareness is involved in consciousness systems(consisting of subcortical structures such as the thalamus and upper brain stem)and cortical structures(including the frontoparietal association cortices). Seizures with motor features are divided into elementary symptoms for which myoclonic, clonic, and tonic expressions reflect the somatotopy of the primary motor cortex; and integrated or gestural motor expression representing activation of the motor association cortex. A rostrocaudal gradient is demonstrated in hyperkinetic movements in frontal lobe epilepsy. Non-motor epileptic features should be understood together with auras, which correspond to focal aware seizures and hold crucial localizing semiologic values. The correlation between functional anatomy and seizure semiology is justified by invasive recordings such as stereotactic electroencephalography and subdural recordings, and also confirmed by seizure outcomes after resection of supposed epileptogenic zones. In addition to the conventional localization theory, it is necessary to consider the neural network theory for further recognition of the functionally anatomical basis in an incomprehensible demonstration of seizures.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Seizures/diagnosis ; Epilepsy/diagnosis ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Electroencephalography ; Motor Cortex
Language	Japanese
Publishing date	2023-01-20
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	197053-7
ISSN	1882-1251 ; 0301-2603
ISSN (online)	1882-1251
ISSN	0301-2603
DOI	10.11477/mf.1436204711
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Article ; Online: Time course of tumorigenesis of a newly developed sporadic hemangioblastoma in an elderly patient: illustrative case.

Sugiyama, Yu / Kuramitsu, Shunichiro / Eguchi, Kaoru / Ito, Masashi / Ando, Ryo / Matsuno, Hiroki / Suzaki, Noriyuki / Maesawa, Satoshi

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons

2024 Volume 7, Issue 15

Abstract: Background: von Hippel-Lindau disease-associated hemangioblastomas (HBs) account for 20%-30% of all HB cases, with the appearance of new lesions often observed in the natural course of the disease. By comparison, the development of new lesions is rare ... ...

Abstract	Background: von Hippel-Lindau disease-associated hemangioblastomas (HBs) account for 20%-30% of all HB cases, with the appearance of new lesions often observed in the natural course of the disease. By comparison, the development of new lesions is rare in patients with sporadic HB. Observations: A 65-year-old man underwent clipping for an unruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Fourteen years later, follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a strongly enhanced mass in the right cerebellar hemisphere, diagnosed as a sporadic HB. A retrospective review of MRI studies obtained over the follow-up period revealed the gradual development of peritumoral edema and vascularization before mass formation. Lessons: Newly appearing high-intensity T2 lesions in the cerebellum may represent a preliminary stage of tumorigenesis. Careful monitoring of these patients would be indicated, which could provide options for early treatment to improve patient outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2694-1902
ISSN (online)	2694-1902
DOI	10.3171/CASE23757
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Article ; Online: Boltless nylon-suture technique for stereotactic electroencephalography as a safe, effective alternative when the anchor bolt is inappropriate.

Mutoh, Manabu / Maesawa, Satoshi / Nakatsubo, Daisuke / Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Tanei, Takafumi / Torii, Jun / Ito, Yoshiki / Hashida, Miki / Saito, Ryuta

Acta neurochirurgica

2024 Volume 166, Issue 1, Page(s) 18

Abstract: Background: The use of anchor bolts to secure electrodes to the skull can be difficult in some clinical situations. Herein, we present the boltless technique to secure electrodes to the scalp using nylon sutures to overcome the problems associated with ... ...

Abstract	Background: The use of anchor bolts to secure electrodes to the skull can be difficult in some clinical situations. Herein, we present the boltless technique to secure electrodes to the scalp using nylon sutures to overcome the problems associated with anchor bolts. We investigated the safety, accuracy errors, and patient-related and operative factors affecting errors in the boltless technique. Methods: This single-institution retrospective series analyzed 103 electrodes placed in 12 patients. The target-point localization error (TPLE), entry-point localization error (EPLE), radial error (RE), and depth error (DE) of the electrodes were calculated. Results: The median of the mean operative time per electrode was 9.3 min. The median TPLE, EPLE, RE, and absolute DE value were 4.1 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.7 mm, and 1.9 mm, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between the preoperative scalp thickness, mean operative time per electrode, EPLE, RE, and the absolute value of DE versus TPLE (r = .228, p = .02; r = .678, p = .015; r = .228, p = .02; r = .445, p < .01; r = .630, p < .01, respectively), and electrode approach angle versus EPLE (r = .213, p = .031). Multivariate analysis revealed that the absolute value of DE had the strongest influence on the TPLE, followed by RE and preoperative scalp thickness, respectively (β = .938, .544, .060, respectively, p < .001). No complications related to SEEG insertion and monitoring were encountered. Conclusion: The boltless technique using our unique planning and technical method is a safe, effective, and low-cost alternative in cases where anchor bolts are contraindicated.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Nylons ; Retrospective Studies ; Electroencephalography ; Scalp ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures
Chemical Substances	Nylons
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80010-7
ISSN	0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
ISSN (online)	0942-0940
ISSN	0001-6268
DOI	10.1007/s00701-024-05889-3
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Article ; Online: Hemodynamic and electrophysiological responses of the human amygdala during face imitation-a study using functional MRI and intracranial EEG.

Iidaka, Tetsuya / Maesawa, Satoshi / Kanayama, Noriaki / Miyakoshi, Makoto / Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Saito, Ryuta

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

2023 Volume 34, Issue 1

Abstract: The involvement of the human amygdala in facial mimicry remains a matter of debate. We investigated neural activity in the human amygdala during a task in which an imitation task was separated in time from an observation task involving facial expressions. ...

Abstract	The involvement of the human amygdala in facial mimicry remains a matter of debate. We investigated neural activity in the human amygdala during a task in which an imitation task was separated in time from an observation task involving facial expressions. Neural activity in the amygdala was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 18 healthy individuals and using intracranial electroencephalogram in six medically refractory patients with epilepsy. The results of functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment showed that mimicry of negative and positive expressions activated the amygdala more than mimicry of non-emotional facial movements. In intracranial electroencephalogram experiment and time-frequency analysis, emotion-related activity of the amygdala during mimicry was observed as a significant neural oscillation in the high gamma band range. Furthermore, spectral event analysis of individual trial intracranial electroencephalogram data revealed that sustained oscillation of gamma band activity originated from an increased number and longer duration of neural events in the amygdala. Based on these findings, we conclude that during facial mimicry, visual information of expressions and feedback from facial movements are combined in the amygdalar nuclei. Considering the time difference of information approaching the amygdala, responses to facial movements are likely to modulate rather than initiate affective processing in human participants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Electrocorticography ; Imitative Behavior ; Emotions/physiology ; Amygdala/diagnostic imaging ; Amygdala/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Hemodynamics ; Facial Expression ; Brain Mapping/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1077450-6
ISSN	1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
ISSN (online)	1460-2199
ISSN	1047-3211
DOI	10.1093/cercor/bhad488
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Article: [Electrical Stimulation Mapping of Multilingualism].

Futamura, Miyako / Fujii, Masazumi / Maesawa, Satoshi

Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo

2021 Volume 73, Issue 3, Page(s) 247–255

Abstract: Language mapping is commonly practiced in brain tumors and epilepsy surgeries. It is done by direct electrical stimulation of the brain during awake craniotomy or by placing subdural electrodes on the brain's surface, or both. Studies of the language ... ...

Abstract	Language mapping is commonly practiced in brain tumors and epilepsy surgeries. It is done by direct electrical stimulation of the brain during awake craniotomy or by placing subdural electrodes on the brain's surface, or both. Studies of the language mapping in bi- or multi-lingual patients have concluded that they have both "language-specific areas," in which symptoms are evoked upon stimulation in one specific language and not in the other languages, and "common areas" or "overlapping areas," in which positive findings are evoked in all languages evaluated. The distribution of the pattern of language areas associated with each language, however, varies widely from patient to patient due to multiple factors such as the age of language acquisition, the language proficiency level, the amount of exposure to each language, the location of the lesions, the duration of the diseases, and other factors. Language mapping in bi- or multi-lingual patients should be done by screening all languages the patient speaks.
MeSH term(s)	Brain Mapping ; Brain Neoplasms ; Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Language ; Multilingualism
Language	Japanese
Publishing date	2021-02-25
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390389-8
ISSN	1344-8129 ; 1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
ISSN (online)	1344-8129
ISSN	1881-6096 ; 0006-8969
DOI	10.11477/mf.1416201747
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Article ; Online: Characteristics of deceased subjects transported to a postmortem imaging center due to unusual death related to epilepsy.

Ito, Yoshiki / Hata, Nobuhiro / Maesawa, Satoshi / Tanei, Takafumi / Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Mutoh, Manabu / Hashida, Miki / Kobayashi, Yutaka / Saito, Ryuta

Epilepsia open

2024 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 592–601

Abstract: Objective: Patients with epilepsy have high risk of experiencing uncommon causes of death. This study aimed to evaluate patients who underwent unusual deaths related to epilepsy and identify factors that may contribute to these deaths and may also ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Patients with epilepsy have high risk of experiencing uncommon causes of death. This study aimed to evaluate patients who underwent unusual deaths related to epilepsy and identify factors that may contribute to these deaths and may also include sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Methods: We analyzed 5291 cases in which a postmortem imaging (PMI) study was performed using plane CT, because of an unexplained death. A rapid troponin T assay was performed using peripheral blood samples. Clinical information including the cause of death suspected by the attending physician, body position, place of death, medical history, and antiseizure medications was evaluated. Results: A total of 132 (2.6%) patients had an obvious history of epilepsy, while 5159 individuals had no history of epilepsy (97.4%). Cerebrovascular disease was the cause of death in 1.6% of patients in the group with epilepsy, and this was significantly lower than that in the non-epilepsy group. However, drowning was significantly higher (9.1% vs. 4.4%). Unspecified cause of death was significantly more frequent in the epilepsy group (78.0% vs. 57.8%). Furthermore, the proportion of patients who demonstrated elevation of troponin T levels without prior cardiac disease was significantly higher in the epilepsy group (37.9% vs. 31.1%). At discovery of death, prone position was dominant (30.3%), with deaths occurring most commonly in the bedroom (49.2%). No antiseizure medication had been prescribed in 12% of cases, while 29.5% of patients were taking multiple antiseizure medications. Significance: The prevalence of epilepsy in individuals experiencing unusual death was higher than in the general population. Despite PMI studies, no definitive cause of death was identified in a significant proportion of cases. The high troponin T levels may be explained by long intervals between death and examination or by higher incidence of myocardial damage at the time of death. Plain language summary: This study investigated unusual deaths in epilepsy patients, analyzing 5291 postmortem imaging cases. The results showed that 132 cases (2.6%) had a clear history of epilepsy. In these cases, only 22% cases were explained after postmortem examination, which is less than in non-epilepsy group (42.2%). Cerebrovascular disease was less common in the epilepsy group, while drowning was more common. Elevated troponin T levels, which suggest possibility of myocardial damage or long intervals between death and examination, were also more frequent in the epilepsy group compared to non-epilepsy group.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Drowning ; Postmortem Imaging ; Troponin T/therapeutic use ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Epilepsy/diagnosis ; Autopsy ; Cerebrovascular Disorders
Chemical Substances	Troponin T
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-9239
ISSN (online)	2470-9239
DOI	10.1002/epi4.12891
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Article ; Online: Epileptogenic zone in Broca's area is resectable under awake surgery in accordance with the hodotopic framework: A case report.

Suzuki, Takahiro / Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Maesawa, Satoshi / Hashida, Miki / Mutoh, Manabu / Ito, Yoshiki / Tanei, Takafumi / Saito, Ryuta

Seizure

2023 Volume 112, Page(s) 84–87

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1137610-7
ISSN	1532-2688 ; 1059-1311
ISSN (online)	1532-2688
ISSN	1059-1311
DOI	10.1016/j.seizure.2023.09.018
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Article ; Online: Focus disconnection of the SEEG-identified epileptic network by radiofrequency thermal coagulation.

Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Maesawa, Satoshi / Yamamoto, Hiroyuki / Hashida, Miki / Mutoh, Manabu / Ito, Yoshiki / Tanei, Takafumi / Natsume, Jun / Saito, Ryuta

Seizure

2023 Volume 111, Page(s) 17–20

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Epilepsy/surgery ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Electroencephalography ; Drug Resistant Epilepsy/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Electrodes, Implanted
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1137610-7
ISSN	1532-2688 ; 1059-1311
ISSN (online)	1532-2688
ISSN	1059-1311
DOI	10.1016/j.seizure.2023.07.007
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Article ; Online: Human herpesvirus 6 DNA was not detected in a brain specimen from a patient with mesial temporal sclerosis after status epilepticus due to human herpesvirus 6 infection.

Kawamura, Yoshiki / Maesawa, Satoshi / Numoto, Shingo / Saito, Ryuta / Yoshikawa, Tetsushi / Okumura, Akihisa

Epilepsia open

2022 Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 817–821

Abstract: We performed virological analysis of resected brain tissues from a patient with temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis after febrile status epilepticus caused by human herpesvirus 6 infection. The patient had febrile status ... ...

Abstract	We performed virological analysis of resected brain tissues from a patient with temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis after febrile status epilepticus caused by human herpesvirus 6 infection. The patient had febrile status epilepticus at 9 months of age associated with human herpesvirus 6 infection. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed reduced water diffusion in the right temporal lobe and hippocampus. Polymerase chain reaction analysis detected 1.6 × 10
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Herpesvirus 6, Human/genetics ; Sclerosis/complications ; Sclerosis/pathology ; Roseolovirus Infections/complications ; Roseolovirus Infections/pathology ; Status Epilepticus ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Seizures, Febrile
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-9239
ISSN (online)	2470-9239
DOI	10.1002/epi4.12634
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Article ; Online: Connectivity alteration in thalamic nuclei and default mode network-related area in memory processes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy using magnetoencephalography.

Ishizaki, Tomotaka / Maesawa, Satoshi / Nakatsubo, Daisuke / Yamamoto, Hiroyuki / Torii, Jun / Mutoh, Manabu / Natsume, Jun / Hoshiyama, Minoru / Saito, Ryuta

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 10632

Abstract: This work aimed to investigate the involvement of the thalamic nuclei in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and identify the influence of interictal epileptic discharges on the neural basis of memory processing by evaluating the functional connectivity ...

Abstract	This work aimed to investigate the involvement of the thalamic nuclei in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and identify the influence of interictal epileptic discharges on the neural basis of memory processing by evaluating the functional connectivity (FC) between the thalamic nuclei and default mode network-related area (DMNRA) using magnetoencephalography. Preoperative datasets of nine patients with MTLE with seizure-free status after surgery and those of nine healthy controls were analyzed. The FC between the thalamic nuclei (anterior nucleus [ANT], mediodorsal nucleus [MD], intralaminar nuclei [IL]), hippocampus, and DMNRA was examined for each of the resting, pre-spike, spike, and post-spike periods in the delta to ripple bands using magnetoencephalography. The FC between the ANT, MD, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex increased in the gamma to ripple bands, whereas the FC between the ANT, IL, and DMNRA decreased in the delta to beta bands, compared with that of the healthy controls at rest. Compared with the rest period, the pre-spike period had significantly decreased FC between the ANT, MD, and DMNRA in the ripple band. Different FC changes between the thalamic nuclei, hippocampus, and DMNRA of specific connections in a particular band may reflect impairment or compensation in the memory processes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetoencephalography ; Default Mode Network ; Thalamic Nuclei ; Memory
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-37834-2
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