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Article ; Online: The petrochemistry of Jake_M: a martian mugearite.

Stolper, E M / Baker, M B / Newcombe, M E / Schmidt, M E / Treiman, A H / Cousin, A / Dyar, M D / Fisk, M R / Gellert, R / King, P L / Leshin, L / Maurice, S / McLennan, S M / Minitti, M E / Perrett, G / Rowland, S / Sautter, V / Wiens, R C

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2013 Volume 341, Issue 6153, Page(s) 1239463

Abstract: Jake_M," the first rock analyzed by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer instrument ... alkaline (>15% normative nepheline) and relatively fractionated. Jake_M is compositionally similar ... with these comparable terrestrial rocks, Jake_M could have been produced by extensive fractional crystallization ...

Abstract	"Jake_M," the first rock analyzed by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer instrument on the Curiosity rover, differs substantially in chemical composition from other known martian igneous rocks: It is alkaline (>15% normative nepheline) and relatively fractionated. Jake_M is compositionally similar to terrestrial mugearites, a rock type typically found at ocean islands and continental rifts. By analogy with these comparable terrestrial rocks, Jake_M could have been produced by extensive fractional crystallization of a primary alkaline or transitional magma at elevated pressure, with or without elevated water contents. The discovery of Jake_M suggests that alkaline magmas may be more abundant on Mars than on Earth and that Curiosity could encounter even more fractionated alkaline rocks (for example, phonolites and trachytes).
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.1239463
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Article ; Online: LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2 Characterization of Phenolic Compounds in Different Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) Samples and Their Antioxidant Capacity

Menglu Xia / Minhao Li / Thaiza Serrano Pinheiro de Souza / Colin Barrow / Frank Rowland Dunshea / Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Vol 28, Iss 3, p

2023 Volume 44

Abstract: Background: Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) is a legume widely consumed worldwide. It is rich ...

Abstract	Background: Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) is a legume widely consumed worldwide. It is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenolic compounds that contribute to positive health benefits. Methods: This study aimed to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of black, red, green, and brown whole lentils. Towards this end, the lentils’ phenolic compounds were evaluated regarding their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannin content (TTC), total condensed tannin (TCT), total proanthocyanin content (TPAC), total anthocyanin content (TAC). For the antioxidant activity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (•OH-RSA), ferrous ion chelating activity (FICA), reducing power assay (RPA) and phosphomolybdate (PMA) assay were accessed. To identify individual phenolic compounds, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2) was used. Results: The results showed that green lentils exhibited the highest TPC (0.96 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g) whereas red lentils presented the highest TFC (0.06 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g). Black lentils were noted with the highest TCT (0.03 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g), TPAC (0.009 mg cyanidin chloride equivalents (CCE)/g), and TAC (3.32 mg/100 g) contents. While the greatest TTC (2.05 mg tannic acid equivalents (TAE)/g) was observed in the brown lentil. Regarding the total antioxidant capacity, red lentils (4.01 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g) presented the greatest activity, whereas the lowest was found in the brown samples (2.31 mg AAE/g). The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2 tentatively identified a total of 22 phenolic compounds, containing 6 phenolic acids, 13 flavonoids, 2 lignans, and 1 other polyphenol. The relationships among phenolic compounds by Venn Diagram showed a high number of overlapping compounds in brown and red lentils ...
Keywords	lentil ; phenolic compound ; flavonoid ; antioxidant activity ; saponin ; lc-esi-qtof-ms2 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IMR Press
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Testing inter-observer reliability of the Transition Analysis aging method on the William M. Bass forensic skeletal collection.

Fojas, Christina L / Kim, Jieun / Minsky-Rowland, Jocelyn D / Algee-Hewitt, Bridget F B

American journal of physical anthropology

2017

Abstract: ... independently applied TA to a random sample of 58 documented individuals from the William M. Bass Forensic ...

Abstract	Objectives: Skeletal age estimation is an integral part of the biological profile. Recent work shows how multiple-trait approaches better capture senescence as it occurs at different rates among individuals. Furthermore, a Bayesian statistical framework of analysis provides more useful age estimates. The component-scoring method of Transition Analysis (TA) may resolve many of the functional and statistical limitations of traditional phase-aging methods and is applicable to both paleodemography and forensic casework. The present study contributes to TA-research by validating TA for multiple, differently experienced observers using a collection of modern forensic skeletal cases. Materials and methods: Five researchers independently applied TA to a random sample of 58 documented individuals from the William M. Bass Forensic Skeletal Collection, for whom knowledge of chronological age was withheld. Resulting scores were input into the ADBOU software and maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were produced using the forensic prior. Krippendorff's alpha was used to evaluate interrater reliability and agreement. Inaccuracy and bias were measured to gauge the magnitude and direction of difference between estimated ages and chronological ages among the five observers. Results: The majority of traits had moderate to excellent agreement among observers (≥0.6). The superior surface morphology had the least congruence (0.4), while the ventral symphyseal margin had the most (0.9) among scores. Inaccuracy was the lowest for individuals younger than 30 and the greatest for individuals over 60. Consistent over-estimation of individuals younger than 30 and under-estimation of individuals over 40 years old occurred. Individuals in their 30s showed a mixed pattern of under- and over-estimation among observers. Discussion: These results support the use of the TA method by researchers of varying experience levels. Further, they validate its use on forensic cases, given the low error overall.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	219376-0
ISSN	1096-8644 ; 0002-9483
ISSN (online)	1096-8644
ISSN	0002-9483
DOI	10.1002/ajpa.23342
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Article ; Online: Indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated DEET repellent (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) for control of Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus.

Kitau, Jovin / Oxborough, Richard / Matowo, Johnson / Mosha, Franklin / Magesa, Stephen M / Rowland, Mark

Parasites & vectors

2014 Volume 7, Page(s) 446

Abstract: ... nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Microencapsulated (MC) DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide ...

Abstract	Background: Evolution of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae complex necessitates evaluation of alternative chemical classes to complement existing insecticides for long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Microencapsulated (MC) DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) is a formulation of the popular repellent, which gives long lasting activity when applied to nets. Its suitability for IRS use has not been evaluated before. This study assessed the efficacy of DEET MC, for IRS in experimental huts. Methods: DEET MC was tested alongside standard repellent and non-repellent residual insecticides: lambdacyhalothrin, permethrin, pirimiphos methyl and DDT. Residual formulations of these compounds were sprayed on plywood panels attached to walls of experimental huts to assess efficacy against pyrethroid resistant, wild free-flying Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus. The panel treatments were rotated weekly between huts. Results: The overall mortalities of An. arabiensis induced by the various treatments (range: 76-86%) were significantly greater than mortality in the untreated control (8%, P < 0.001). Mortality of An. arabiensis in DEET sprayed huts (82%) was higher than in lambdacyhalothrin CS (76%, P = 0.043) but not significantly different to pirimiphos methyl CS (86%, P = 0.204) or DDT huts (81%, P = 0.703). Against Cx. quinquefasciatus DEET MC was less effective, inducing lower mortality (29%) than other treatments. An arabiensis blood feeding rates were higher in the unsprayed control (34%) than in sprayed huts (range between treatments: 19-22%, P < 0.002), and DEET provided equivalent or superior blood feeding inhibition (44%) to other insecticides. Against Cx. quinquefasciatus there was no significant reduction in blood-feeding for any treatment relative to the control. There was a significantly higher exiting of An. arabiensis from huts sprayed with DEET (98%), lambdacyhalothrin (98%) and permethrin (96%) relative to the control (80%, P < 0.01). Exiting rates of Cx. quinquefasciatus did not differ between treatment huts and the control. Conclusion: Microencapsulated DEET acts like an insecticide at ambient temperature and induces mosquito mortality when applied to walls made from wooden panels. This trial demonstrated the potential of microencapsulated DEET to control An. arabiensis and warrants further studies of residual activity on interior substrates.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anopheles/drug effects ; Culex/drug effects ; DEET/chemistry ; DEET/pharmacology ; Drug Compounding ; Female ; Housing ; Insect Repellents/chemistry ; Insect Repellents/pharmacology ; Insecticide Resistance ; Insecticides/chemistry ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Mosquito Control/methods
Chemical Substances	Insect Repellents ; Insecticides ; DEET (134-62-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-09-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-7-446
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Article: J. Roy Rowland, M.D.: a voice for moderation in health care reform. Interview by Thomas B Gore.

Rowland, J Roy

Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia

2012 Volume 101, Issue 4, Page(s) 28–30

MeSH term(s)	Health Care Reform/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Politics ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2012
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Autobiography ; Biography ; Historical Article ; Interview ; Portraits
ZDB-ID	422681-1
ISSN	0025-7028
ISSN	0025-7028
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Article ; Online: Ten minutes with Professor Andrew Rowland, Lead Employer Medical Director of St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Honorary Professor at the University of Salford, Chair of SicKids children's charity, Non-Executive Director of M’Lop Tapang, and Consultant in Children’s Emergency Medicine

Home, Joseph / Rowland, Andrew

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	PMC
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1136/leader-2020-000341
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Ten minutes with Professor Andrew Rowland, Lead Employer Medical Director of St Helens and Knowlsey Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Honorary Professor at the University of Salford, Chair of SicKids children's charity, Non-Executive Director of M’Lop Tapang and Consultant in Children’s Emergency Medicine

Home, J / Rowland, A

2020

Abstract: Professor Rowland has several leadership roles spanning academic, NHS and charitable organisations ...

Abstract	Professor Rowland has several leadership roles spanning academic, NHS and charitable organisations. This short interview discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and how his approach to leadership has changed to cope with many challenges faced across his different roles.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Publishing country	uk
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Pacing strategies of inexperienced children during repeated 800 m individual time-trials and simulated competition.

Lambrick, Danielle / Rowlands, Alex / Rowland, Thomas / Eston, Roger

Pediatric exercise science

2013 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 198–211

Abstract: ... strategy. This study examined the pacing behavior of inexperienced children during self-paced, 800 m ... paced, individual 800 m time-trials (Trials 1-3) and one self-paced, competitive 800 m time-trial (Trial ...

Abstract	Prior experience of fatiguing tasks is considered essential to establishing an optimal pacing strategy. This study examined the pacing behavior of inexperienced children during self-paced, 800 m running, both individually and within a competitive environment. Thirteen children (aged 9-11 y) completed a graded-exercise test to volitional exhaustion on a treadmill (laboratory trial), followed by three self-paced, individual 800 m time-trials (Trials 1-3) and one self-paced, competitive 800 m time-trial (Trial 4) on an outdoor athletics track. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) were measured throughout all trials. Overall performance time improved from Trial 1-3 (250.1 ± 50.4 s & 242.4 ± 51.5 s, respectively, p < .017). The difference in overall performance time between Trials 3 and 4 (260.5 ± 54.2 s) was approaching significance (p = .06). The pacing strategy employed from the outset was consistent across all trials. These findings dispute the notion that an optimal pacing strategy is learned with exercise experience or training.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Competitive Behavior/physiology ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue/prevention & control ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Endurance/physiology ; Running/physiology ; Running/psychology ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1042382-5
ISSN	1543-2920 ; 0899-8493
ISSN (online)	1543-2920
ISSN	0899-8493
DOI	10.1123/pes.25.2.198
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Article: Indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated DEET repellent (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) for control of Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus

Kitau, Jovin / Oxborough, Richard / Matowo, Johnson / Mosha, Franklin / Magesa, Stephen M / Rowland, Mark

Parasites & vectors. 2014 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2014

Abstract: ... nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Microencapsulated (MC) DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Evolution of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae complex necessitates evaluation of alternative chemical classes to complement existing insecticides for long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Microencapsulated (MC) DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) is a formulation of the popular repellent, which gives long lasting activity when applied to nets. Its suitability for IRS use has not been evaluated before. This study assessed the efficacy of DEET MC, for IRS in experimental huts. METHODS: DEET MC was tested alongside standard repellent and non-repellent residual insecticides: lambdacyhalothrin, permethrin, pirimiphos methyl and DDT. Residual formulations of these compounds were sprayed on plywood panels attached to walls of experimental huts to assess efficacy against pyrethroid resistant, wild free-flying Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus. The panel treatments were rotated weekly between huts. RESULTS: The overall mortalities of An. arabiensis induced by the various treatments (range: 76-86%) were significantly greater than mortality in the untreated control (8%, P < 0.001). Mortality of An. arabiensis in DEET sprayed huts (82%) was higher than in lambdacyhalothrin CS (76%, P = 0.043) but not significantly different to pirimiphos methyl CS (86%, P = 0.204) or DDT huts (81%, P = 0.703). Against Cx. quinquefasciatus DEET MC was less effective, inducing lower mortality (29%) than other treatments. An arabiensis blood feeding rates were higher in the unsprayed control (34%) than in sprayed huts (range between treatments: 19-22%, P < 0.002), and DEET provided equivalent or superior blood feeding inhibition (44%) to other insecticides. Against Cx. quinquefasciatus there was no significant reduction in blood-feeding for any treatment relative to the control. There was a significantly higher exiting of An. arabiensis from huts sprayed with DEET (98%), lambdacyhalothrin (98%) and permethrin (96%) relative to the control (80%, P < 0.01). Exiting rates of Cx. quinquefasciatus did not differ between treatment huts and the control. CONCLUSION: Microencapsulated DEET acts like an insecticide at ambient temperature and induces mosquito mortality when applied to walls made from wooden panels. This trial demonstrated the potential of microencapsulated DEET to control An. arabiensis and warrants further studies of residual activity on interior substrates.
Keywords	Anopheles arabiensis ; Anopheles gambiae ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; DDT (pesticide) ; ambient temperature ; blood ; deet ; evolution ; insecticide resistance ; microencapsulation ; mortality ; permethrin ; plywood ; pyrethrins ; spraying
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-12
Size	p. 1620.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-7-446
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Evaluation of an alpha-cypermethrin + PBO mixture long-lasting insecticidal net VEERALIN® LN against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s.: an experimental hut trial in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire

Oumbouke, Welbeck A / Rowland, Mark / Koffi, Alphonsine A / Alou, Ludovic P. A / Camara, Soromane / N’Guessan, Raphael

Parasites & vectors. 2019 Dec., v. 12, no. 1

2019

Abstract: ... synergist net was evaluated in experimental huts in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire against wild pyrethroid ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary method of malaria prevention. However, the widespread resistance to pyrethroids among major malaria vector species represents a significant threat to the continued efficacy of pyrethroid LLIN. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a synergist that inhibits the activity of metabolic enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family known to detoxify insecticides including pyrethroids. Synergist LLIN incorporating PBO and a pyrethroid may provide improved control compared to pyrethroid-only LLIN. METHODS: The efficacy of VEERALIN® LN (VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India), an alpha-cypermethrin PBO synergist net was evaluated in experimental huts in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire against wild pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s. Comparison was made with a standard alpha-cypermethrin-treated net (MAGNet® LN, VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India). Nets were tested unwashed and after 20 standardized washes. RESULTS: VEERALIN® LN demonstrated improved efficacy compared to MAGNet® LN against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. Before washing, VEERALIN® LN produced mortality of An. gambiae s.s. (51%) significantly higher than the standard pyrethroid-only net (29%) (P < 0.0001). Although there was a significant reduction in mortality with both LLINs after 20 washes, VEERALIN® LN remained superior in efficacy to MAGNet® LN (38 vs 17%) (P < 0.0001). Blood-feeding was significantly inhibited with both types of insecticide-treated nets relative to the untreated control net (P < 0.0001). Unwashed VEERALIN® LN induced significantly higher blood-feeding inhibition of An. gambiae s.s. (62.6%) compared to MAGNet® LN (35.4%) (P < 0.001). The difference persisted after washing, as there was no indication that either LLIN lost protection against biting or blood-feeding. The level of personal protection derived from the use of VEERALIN® LN was high (87%) compared to MAGNet® LN (66–69%) whether unwashed or washed. The AI content of VEERALIN® LN after 20 washes decreased from 6.75 to 6.03 g/kg for alpha-cypermethrin and from 2.95 to 2.64 g/kg for PBO, corresponding to an overall retention of 89% for each compound. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of the synergist PBO to pyrethroid net greatly improved protection and control of pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. The pyrethroid-PBO VEERALIN® LN has the potential to reduce transmission in areas compromised by pyrethroid resistance.
Keywords	Anopheles gambiae ; cypermethrin ; cytochrome P-450 ; hematophagy ; insect control ; insect vectors ; malaria ; mortality ; pesticide application ; piperonyl butoxide ; pyrethrins ; Cote d'Ivoire
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-12
Size	p. 544.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-019-3796-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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