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Book: Short term and working memory impairments in aphasia

Martin, Nadine / Reilly, Jamie

data, models, and their application to rehabilitation

(A special issue of the Journal Aphasiology)

2013

Title variant	Short-term and working memory impairments in aphasia
Author's details	ed. by Nadine Martin and Jamie Reilly
Series title	A special issue of the Journal Aphasiology
Language	English
Size	VI, 373 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Psychology Press
Publishing place	Abingdon
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT017189833
ISBN	978-1-84872-764-9 ; 1-84872-764-X
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: Modelling mouse auditory response dynamics along a continuum of consciousness using a deep recurrent neural network.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Journal of neural engineering

2022 Volume 19, Issue 5

Abstract: Objective. ...

Abstract	Objective.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; Consciousness/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Mice ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Urethane
Chemical Substances	Urethane (3IN71E75Z5) ; Ketamine (690G0D6V8H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2170901-4
ISSN	1741-2552 ; 1741-2560
ISSN (online)	1741-2552
ISSN	1741-2560
DOI	10.1088/1741-2552/ac9257
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Article ; Online: Recurrent Neural Network Model of Human Event-related Potentials in Response to Intensity Oddball Stimulation.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Neuroscience

2022 Volume 504, Page(s) 63–74

Abstract: The mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the human event-related potential (ERP) is frequently interpreted as a sensory prediction-error signal. However, there is ambiguity concerning the neurophysiology underlying hypothetical prediction and ... ...

Abstract	The mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the human event-related potential (ERP) is frequently interpreted as a sensory prediction-error signal. However, there is ambiguity concerning the neurophysiology underlying hypothetical prediction and prediction-error signalling components, and whether these can be dissociated from overlapping obligatory components of the ERP that are sensitive to physical properties of sounds. In the present study, a hierarchical recurrent neural network (RNN) was fitted to ERP data from 38 subjects. After training the model to reproduce ERP waveforms evoked by 80 dB standard and 70 dB deviant stimuli, it was used to simulate a response to 90 dB deviant stimuli. Internal states of the RNN effectively combined to generate synthetic ERPs, where individual hidden units are loosely analogous to population-level sources. Model behaviour was characterised using principal component analysis of stimulus condition, layer, and individual unit responses. Hidden units were categorised according to their temporal response fields, and statistically significant differences among stimulus conditions were observed for amplitudes of units peaking in the 0-75 ms (P50), 75-125 ms (N1), and 250-400 ms (N3) latency ranges, surprisingly not including the measurement window of MMN. The model demonstrated opposite polarity changes in MMN amplitude produced by falling (70 dB) and rising (90 dB) intensity deviant stimuli, consistent with loudness dependence of sensory ERP components. This modelling study suggests that loudness dependence is a principal driver of intensity MMN, and future studies ought to clarify the distinction between loudness dependence, adaptation and prediction-error signalling.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Evoked Potentials/physiology ; Principal Component Analysis ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Acoustic Stimulation ; Electroencephalography
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	196739-3
ISSN	1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
ISSN (online)	1873-7544
ISSN	0306-4522
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.004
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Article ; Online: An Electric Circuit Model of Central Auditory Processing that Replicates Low-level Features of the Mouse Mismatch Response.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 772–776

Abstract: Neurophysiology research using animals is often necessary to further our understanding of particular areas of medical interest. Human mismatch negativity (MMN) is one such area, where animal models are used to explore underlying mechanisms more ... ...

Abstract	Neurophysiology research using animals is often necessary to further our understanding of particular areas of medical interest. Human mismatch negativity (MMN) is one such area, where animal models are used to explore underlying mechanisms more invasively and with greater precision than typically possible with human subjects. Computational models can supplement these efforts by providing abstractions that lead to new insights and drive hypotheses. This study aims to establish whether a mouse mismatch response (MMR) analogous to human MMN can be modelled using electric circuit theory. Input to the auditory cortex was modelled as a step function multiplied by a frequency-dependent weighting designed to reflect spectral hearing sensitivity. Afferent sensory responses were modelled using a resistor-capacitor (RC) network, while bidirectional (bottom-up and top-down) responses were modelled using a resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) network. Synthetic EEG was combined with RC and RLC circuit currents in response to simulated sequences of auditory input, which comprised duration and frequency oddball paradigms. Two different states of awareness were considered: i) anaesthetized, including only the RC circuit, and ii) conscious, including both RC and RLC circuits. Event-related potential waveforms were obtained from ten simulated experiments for each oddball paradigm and state. These were qualitatively and quantitatively compared with data from a previous in-vivo study, and the model was deemed to successfully replicate low-level features of the mouse central auditory response. Clinical Relevance - Abnormal MMN is believed to reflect pathological changes associated with psychiatric disease. Maximizing the effectiveness of this biomarker will require a greater understanding of the specific cause(s) of these abnormalities. This study presents a computational model that can account for differences between responses to duration and frequency oddball paradigms, which is particularly significant for clinical MMN research.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Humans ; Mice
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2694-0604
ISSN (online)	2694-0604
DOI	10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871275
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Article ; Online: Roving oddball paradigm elicits sensory gating, frequency sensitivity, and long-latency response in common marmosets.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

IBRO neuroscience reports

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 128–136

Abstract: Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a candidate biomarker for neuropsychiatric disease. Understanding the extent to which it reflects cognitive deviance-detection or purely sensory processes will assist practitioners in making informed clinical interpretations. ...

Abstract	Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a candidate biomarker for neuropsychiatric disease. Understanding the extent to which it reflects cognitive deviance-detection or purely sensory processes will assist practitioners in making informed clinical interpretations. This study compares the utility of deviance-detection and sensory-processing theories for describing MMN-like auditory responses of a common marmoset monkey during roving oddball stimulation. The following exploratory analyses were performed on an existing dataset: responses during the transition and repetition sequence of the roving oddball paradigm (standard -> deviant/S1 -> S2 -> S3) were compared; long-latency potentials evoked by deviant stimuli were examined using a double-epoch waveform subtraction; effects of increasing stimulus repetitions on standard and deviant responses were analyzed; and transitions between standard and deviant stimuli were divided into ascending and descending frequency changes to explore contributions of frequency-sensitivity. An enlarged auditory response to deviant stimuli was observed. This decreased exponentially with stimulus repetition, characteristic of sensory gating. A slow positive deflection was viewed over approximately 300-800 ms after the deviant stimulus, which is more difficult to ascribe to afferent sensory mechanisms. When split into ascending and descending frequency transitions, the resulting difference waveforms were disproportionally influenced by descending frequency deviant stimuli. This asymmetry is inconsistent with the general deviance-detection theory of MMN. These findings tentatively suggest that MMN-like responses from common marmosets are predominantly influenced by rapid sensory adaptation and frequency preference of the auditory cortex, while deviance-detection may play a role in long-latency activity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2667-2421
ISSN (online)	2667-2421
DOI	10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.09.003
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Article ; Online: Can intensity modulation of the auditory response explain intensity-decrement mismatch negativity?

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Neuroscience letters

2021 Volume 764, Page(s) 136199

Abstract: Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by decrements in sound pressure level has been asserted as evidence for its dependence upon general deviance detection, while refuting the proposition that it is simply caused by modulating the intrinsic sensory ... ...

Abstract	Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by decrements in sound pressure level has been asserted as evidence for its dependence upon general deviance detection, while refuting the proposition that it is simply caused by modulating the intrinsic sensory response with different physical properties of sound. However, reports of intensity-decrement MMN are sparse compared with MMN to stimulus frequency or duration changes, and verifying the mechanisms that shape difference waveform morphology is essential for their responsible use as clinical biomarkers. In the present study, open-access EEG data from 40 healthy young adults recorded during an intensity-decrement oddball paradigm was analyzed to establish the effects of transitions between different level stimuli on the auditory evoked response. Standard stimuli were 80 dB and deviant stimuli were 70 dB. Event-related potentials were extracted from standards after standards (sS), deviants after standards (sD), and standards after deviants (dS). Mean amplitude across a recommended measurement window for MMN (125 to 225 ms) was calculated for each ERP waveform. This revealed statistically significant negative amplitude shift elicited by lower-intensity deviant stimuli, as expected, and an opposite direction, positive amplitude shift elicited by higher-intensity standard stimuli that followed lower-intensity deviants, relative to standard stimuli presented consecutively. These findings indicate that intensity-modulation of the auditory response influences cortical activity measured during the latency range of MMN. To what extent the hypothesized deviance detection mechanisms may also contribute is uncertain and remains to be elucidated.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation/methods ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Sound ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-27
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	194929-9
ISSN	1872-7972 ; 0304-3940
ISSN (online)	1872-7972
ISSN	0304-3940
DOI	10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136199
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Article ; Online: Bigram semantic distance as an index of continuous semantic flow in natural language: Theory, tools, and applications.

Reilly, Jamie / Finley, Ann Marie / Litovsky, Celia P / Kenett, Yoed N

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2023 Volume 152, Issue 9, Page(s) 2578–2590

Abstract: Much of our understanding of word meaning has been informed through studies of single words. High-dimensional semantic space models have recently proven instrumental in elucidating ... ...

Abstract	Much of our understanding of word meaning has been informed through studies of single words. High-dimensional semantic space models have recently proven instrumental in elucidating connections
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Semantics ; Language
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0001389
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Article ; Online: Localized estimation of electromagnetic sources underlying event-related fields using recurrent neural networks.

O'Reilly, Jamie A / Zhu, Judy D / Sowman, Paul F

Journal of neural engineering

2023 Volume 20, Issue 4

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Objective
MeSH term(s)	Brain/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Magnetoencephalography/methods ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Algorithms
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2170901-4
ISSN	1741-2552 ; 1741-2560
ISSN (online)	1741-2552
ISSN	1741-2560
DOI	10.1088/1741-2552/acef94
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Article ; Online: Event-related potential arithmetic to analyze offset potentials from conscious mice.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Journal of neuroscience methods

2019 Volume 318, Page(s) 78–83

Abstract: Background: This paper presents a method for isolating time-dependent event-related potential (ERP) components which are superimposed on the gross ERP waveform. The experimental data that inspired this approach was recorded from the auditory cortex of ... ...

Abstract	Background: This paper presents a method for isolating time-dependent event-related potential (ERP) components which are superimposed on the gross ERP waveform. The experimental data that inspired this approach was recorded from the auditory cortex of conscious laboratory mice in response to presentation of ten different duration pure-tone auditory stimuli. New method: The grand-average ERP for each individual stimulus displayed a relatively low amplitude deflection following stimulus offset. In order to isolate this component for analysis, a series of simple arithmetic operations were performed, involving averaging of multiple stimuli ERPs and subtracting this from each individual ERP. Results: Offset potentials were isolated and quantified. Peak latency was determined by auditory stimulus duration; peak amplitude did not reach the threshold for statistical significance, over the range of durations tested. Comparison with existing method(s): To the best of my knowledge there are no alternative methods for isolating offset potentials from the gross ERP waveform at present. This novel approach may introduce less subjective bias to analyses than manually selecting measurement windows and performing custom baseline corrections. Conclusions: A similar method may be applied to other human or non-human datasets to identify and characterize time-dependent sensory-cognitive processes obscured by gross waveform morphology.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Evoked Potentials/physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	282721-9
ISSN	1872-678X ; 0165-0270
ISSN (online)	1872-678X
ISSN	0165-0270
DOI	10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.01.018
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Article ; Online: Double-epoch subtraction reveals long-latency mismatch response in urethane-anaesthetized mice.

O'Reilly, Jamie A

Journal of neuroscience methods

2019 Volume 326, Page(s) 108375

Abstract: Background: Anaesthetized rodents are examined for their capacity to model human mismatch negativity (MMN). In the present study, oddball and deviant-alone control paradigms, with stimuli varying in frequency (ascending and descending) and intensity ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Anaesthetized rodents are examined for their capacity to model human mismatch negativity (MMN). In the present study, oddball and deviant-alone control paradigms, with stimuli varying in frequency (ascending and descending) and intensity (louder and quieter), were presented to anaesthetized mice to determine whether they elicit a translational mismatch response (MMR). New method: Resulting waveforms displayed long-latency (>200 ms post-stimulus) components, only made fully visible from oddball paradigm data by applying a double-epoch subtraction. In this approach, an extended epoch containing two consecutive standard evoked responses was subtracted from the response to an oddball followed by a standard (i.e. oddball:standard - standard:standard). Results: The trailing standard responses effectively cancelled each other out, revealing biphasic long-latency components. These MMR waveforms correlated strongly with deviant-alone paradigm evoked potentials >200 ms post-stimulus, potentially indicative of shared underlying mechanisms. Interestingly, these components were absent from the quieter oddball MMR. Comparison with existing method(s): Classical mismatch negativity computation is incapable of fully characterizing the long-latency biphasic response observed from this study, due to the inbuilt constraint of a single stimulus epoch. These results also suggest that the deviant-alone paradigm may be considered akin to a positive control for sensory-memory disruption, widely thought to be at the root of MMN generation in humans. Conclusions: Long-latency auditory evoked potential components are observed from anaesthetized mice in response to frequency and increasing intensity oddball stimuli. These display some congruencies with human MMN.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthesia ; Anesthetics, Intravenous/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Models, Animal ; Neurosciences/methods ; Urethane/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Urethane (3IN71E75Z5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	282721-9
ISSN	1872-678X ; 0165-0270
ISSN (online)	1872-678X
ISSN	0165-0270
DOI	10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108375
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