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Article ; Online: Molecular constraints on tolerance-resistance trade-offs: Is there a cost?

Mesa, J Miles / Paige, Ken N

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)

2023 Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) 317–323

Abstract: Plants possess myriad defenses against their herbivores, including constitutive and inducible chemical compounds and regrowth strategies known as tolerance. Recent studies have shown that plant tolerance and resistance are positively associated given ... ...

Abstract	Plants possess myriad defenses against their herbivores, including constitutive and inducible chemical compounds and regrowth strategies known as tolerance. Recent studies have shown that plant tolerance and resistance are positively associated given they are co-localized in the same molecular pathway, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. However, given that both defensive strategies utilize carbon skeletons from a shared resource pool in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway there are likely costs in maintaining both resistance-tolerance strategies. Here we investigate fitness costs in maintaining both strategies by utilizing a double knockout of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2575-6265
ISSN (online)	2575-6265
DOI	10.1002/pei3.10125
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Article ; Online: Molecular constraints on tolerance‐resistance trade‐offs

J. Miles Mesa / Ken N. Paige

Plant-Environment Interactions, Vol 4, Iss 6, Pp 317-

Is there a cost?

2023 Volume 323

Abstract: Abstract Plants possess myriad defenses against their herbivores, including constitutive and inducible chemical compounds and regrowth strategies known as tolerance. Recent studies have shown that plant tolerance and resistance are positively associated ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Plants possess myriad defenses against their herbivores, including constitutive and inducible chemical compounds and regrowth strategies known as tolerance. Recent studies have shown that plant tolerance and resistance are positively associated given they are co‐localized in the same molecular pathway, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. However, given that both defensive strategies utilize carbon skeletons from a shared resource pool in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway there are likely costs in maintaining both resistance‐tolerance strategies. Here we investigate fitness costs in maintaining both strategies by utilizing a double knockout of cyp79B2 and cyp79B3, key enzymes in the biosynthetic process of indole glucosinolates, which convert tryptophan to indole‐3‐acetaldoxime (IAOx) and is further used to produce indole glucosinolates. These mutant plants are devoid of any indole glucosinolates thus reducing plant resistance. Results show that knocking out indole glucosinolate production and thus one of the resistance pathways leads to an approximate 94% increase in fitness compensation shifting the undercompensating wild‐type Columbia‐0 to an overcompensating genotype following damage. We discuss the potential mechanistic basis for the observed patterns.
Keywords	Arabidopsis ; endoreduplication ; glucosinolates ; overcompensation ; oxidative pentose phosphate pathway ; resistance‐tolerance tradeoffs ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Botany ; QK1-989
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exploring the similarities and differences of variables collected by burn registers globally: protocol for a data dictionary review study.

Bebbington, Emily / Miles, Joanna / Peck, Michael / Singer, Yvonne / Dunn, Ken / Young, Amber

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) e066512

Abstract: Introduction: Burn registers can provide high-quality clinical data that can be used for surveillance, research, planning service provision and clinical quality assessment. Many countrywide and intercountry burn registers now exist. The variables ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Burn registers can provide high-quality clinical data that can be used for surveillance, research, planning service provision and clinical quality assessment. Many countrywide and intercountry burn registers now exist. The variables collected by burn registers are not standardised internationally. Few international burn register data comparisons are completed beyond basic morbidity and mortality statistics. Data comparisons across registers require analysis of homogenous variables. Little work has been done to understand whether burn registers have sufficiently similar variables to enable useful comparisons. The aim of this project is to compare the variables collected in countrywide and intercountry burn registers internationally to understand their similarities and differences. Methods and analysis: Burn register custodians will be invited to participate in the study and to share their register data dictionaries. Study objectives are to compare patient inclusion and exclusion criteria of each participating burn register; determine which variables are collected by each register, and if variables are required or optional, identify common variable themes; and compare a sample of variables to understand how they are defined and measured. All variable names will be extracted from each register and common themes will be identified. Detailed information will be extracted for a sample of variables to give a deeper insight into similarities and differences between registers. Ethics and dissemination: No patient data will be used in this project. Permission to use each register's data dictionary will be sought from respective register custodians. Results will be presented at international meetings and published in open access journals. These results will be of interest to register custodians and researchers wishing to explore international data comparisons, and countries wishing to establish their own burn register.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Burns/epidemiology ; Data Accuracy ; Research Personnel
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066512
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Article ; Online: Simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the detection and characterisation of liver lesions in patients with colorectal cancer: A pictorial review.

Yeoh, Edward / Miles, Ken

Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology

2019 Volume 63, Issue 5, Page(s) 624–629

Abstract: Patients with colorectal cancer undergo frequent diagnostic imaging to stage the extent of metastatic disease and assess response to treatment. Imaging is typically via diagnostic contrast-enhanced CT or combined FDG-PET/CT. However, recent research has ... ...

Abstract	Patients with colorectal cancer undergo frequent diagnostic imaging to stage the extent of metastatic disease and assess response to treatment. Imaging is typically via diagnostic contrast-enhanced CT or combined FDG-PET/CT. However, recent research has demonstrated promising benefits of combined FDG-PET/MRI in oncologic imaging due to the superior soft-tissue contrast of MRI. The extent of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic disease is important in establishing treatment options for colorectal cancer patients, and FDG-PET/CT and dedicated liver imaging are often both required. FDG-PET/MRI offers the advantage of a single examination which can be completed within a similar duration as dedicated liver MRI imaging. This improves patient convenience and anatomical co-registration between PET and MRI imaging and provides a potential cost benefit. The diagnostic benefits of FDG-PET/MRI include the simultaneous characterisation of focal liver lesions, exclusion of extrahepatic disease, the detection of additional hepatic metastases and extrahepatic disease, and the multi-parametric assessment of treatment response. This pictorial review highlights examples of these benefits.
MeSH term(s)	Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Neoplasms/secondary ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multimodal Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Whole Body Imaging
Chemical Substances	Radiopharmaceuticals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-01
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2389687-5
ISSN	1754-9485 ; 1440-1673 ; 1754-9477 ; 0004-8461
ISSN (online)	1754-9485 ; 1440-1673
ISSN	1754-9477 ; 0004-8461
DOI	10.1111/1754-9485.12936
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Article ; Online: Exploring the similarities and differences of variables collected by burn registers globally

Amber Young / Ken Dunn / Michael Peck / Yvonne Singer / Emily Bebbington / Joanna Miles

BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

protocol for a data dictionary review study

2023 Volume 2

Abstract: Introduction Burn registers can provide high-quality clinical data that can be used for surveillance, research, planning service provision and clinical quality assessment. Many countrywide and intercountry burn registers now exist. The variables ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Burn registers can provide high-quality clinical data that can be used for surveillance, research, planning service provision and clinical quality assessment. Many countrywide and intercountry burn registers now exist. The variables collected by burn registers are not standardised internationally. Few international burn register data comparisons are completed beyond basic morbidity and mortality statistics. Data comparisons across registers require analysis of homogenous variables. Little work has been done to understand whether burn registers have sufficiently similar variables to enable useful comparisons. The aim of this project is to compare the variables collected in countrywide and intercountry burn registers internationally to understand their similarities and differences.Methods and analysis Burn register custodians will be invited to participate in the study and to share their register data dictionaries. Study objectives are to compare patient inclusion and exclusion criteria of each participating burn register; determine which variables are collected by each register, and if variables are required or optional, identify common variable themes; and compare a sample of variables to understand how they are defined and measured. All variable names will be extracted from each register and common themes will be identified. Detailed information will be extracted for a sample of variables to give a deeper insight into similarities and differences between registers.Ethics and dissemination No patient data will be used in this project. Permission to use each register’s data dictionary will be sought from respective register custodians. Results will be presented at international meetings and published in open access journals. These results will be of interest to register custodians and researchers wishing to explore international data comparisons, and countries wishing to establish their own burn register.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Termination of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Mountain Rescue: A Scoping Review and ICAR MedCom 2023 Recommendations.

Lugnet, Viktor / McDonough, Miles / Gordon, Les / Galindez, Mercedes / Mena Reyes, Nicolas / Sheets, Alison / Zafren, Ken / Paal, Peter

High altitude medicine & biology

2023 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 274–286

Abstract: ... Ken Zafren, and Peter Paal. Termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mountain rescue: a scoping ... Lugnet, Viktor, Miles McDonough, Les Gordon, Mercedes Galindez, Nicolas Mena Reyes, Alison Sheets ...

Abstract	Lugnet, Viktor, Miles McDonough, Les Gordon, Mercedes Galindez, Nicolas Mena Reyes, Alison Sheets, Ken Zafren, and Peter Paal. Termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mountain rescue: a scoping review and ICAR MedCom 2023 recommendations.
MeSH term(s)	Emergency Medical Services ; Iron-Dextran Complex ; Mountaineering ; Rescue Work ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Chemical Substances	Iron-Dextran Complex (9004-66-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2076262-8
ISSN	1557-8682 ; 1527-0297
ISSN (online)	1557-8682
ISSN	1527-0297
DOI	10.1089/ham.2023.0068
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Article: Anisotropy and Microcrack Propagation Induced by Weathering, Regional Stresses and Topographic Stresses

Xu, Tingting / Shen, Xianda / Reed, Miles / West, Nicole / Ferrier, Ken L. / Arson, Chloé

Journal of geophysical research. 2022 July, v. 127, no. 7

2022

Abstract: This paper presents a new model for anisotropic damage in bedrock under the combined influences of biotite weathering, regional stresses, and topographic stresses. We used the homogenization theory to calculate the mechanical properties of a rock ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents a new model for anisotropic damage in bedrock under the combined influences of biotite weathering, regional stresses, and topographic stresses. We used the homogenization theory to calculate the mechanical properties of a rock representative elementary volume made of a homogeneous matrix, biotite inclusions that expand as they weather, and ellipsoidal cracks of various orientations. With this model, we conducted a series of finite element simulations in bedrock under gently rolling topography with two contrasting spatial patterns in biotite weathering rate and a range of biotite orientations. In all simulations, damage is far more sensitive to biotite weathering than to topographic or regional stresses. The spatial gradient of damage follows that of the imposed biotite weathering rate at all times. The direction of micro‐cracks tends to align with that of the biotite minerals. Relative to the topographic and regional stresses imparted by the boundary conditions of the model, the stress field after 1,000 years of biotite weathering exhibits higher magnitudes, wider shear stress zones at the feet of hills, more tensile vertical stress below the hilltops, and more compressive horizontal stress concentrated in the valleys. These behaviors are similar in simulations of slowing eroding topography and static topography. Over longer periods of time (500 kyr), the combined effects or weathering and erosion result in horizontal tensile stress under the hills and vertical tensile stress under and in the hills. These simulations illustrate how this model can help elucidate the influence of mineral weathering on Critical Zone evolution.
Keywords	anisotropy ; bedrock ; biotite ; evolution ; finite element analysis ; geophysics ; homogenization ; models ; research ; shear stress ; topography
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ISSN	2169-9313
DOI	10.1029/2022JB024518
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Mutation order in acute myeloid leukemia identifies uncommon patterns of evolution and illuminates phenotypic heterogeneity.

Schwede, Matthew / Jahn, Katharina / Kuipers, Jack / Miles, Linde A / Bowman, Robert L / Robinson, Troy / Furudate, Ken / Uryu, Hidetaka / Tanaka, Tomoyuki / Sasaki, Yuya / Ediriwickrema, Asiri / Benard, Brooks / Gentles, Andrew J / Levine, Ross / Beerenwinkel, Niko / Takahashi, Koichi / Majeti, Ravindra

Leukemia

2024

Abstract: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis and a heterogeneous mutation landscape. Although common mutations are well-studied, little research has characterized how the sequence of mutations relates to clinical features. Using published, single- ... ...

Abstract	Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis and a heterogeneous mutation landscape. Although common mutations are well-studied, little research has characterized how the sequence of mutations relates to clinical features. Using published, single-cell DNA sequencing data from three institutions, we compared clonal evolution patterns in AML to patient characteristics, disease phenotype, and outcomes. Mutation trees, which represent the order of select mutations, were created for 207 patients from targeted panel sequencing data using 1 639 162 cells, 823 mutations, and 275 samples. In 224 distinct orderings of mutated genes, mutations related to DNA methylation typically preceded those related to cell signaling, but signaling-first cases did occur, and had higher peripheral cell counts, increased signaling mutation homozygosity, and younger patient age. Serial sample analysis suggested that NPM1 and DNA methylation mutations provide an advantage to signaling mutations in AML. Interestingly, WT1 mutation evolution shared features with signaling mutations, such as WT1-early being proliferative and occurring in younger individuals, trends that remained in multivariable regression. Some mutation orderings had a worse prognosis, but this was mediated by unfavorable mutations, not mutation order. These findings add a dimension to the mutation landscape of AML, identifying uncommon patterns of leukemogenesis and shedding light on heterogeneous phenotypes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	807030-1
ISSN	1476-5551 ; 0887-6924
ISSN (online)	1476-5551
ISSN	0887-6924
DOI	10.1038/s41375-024-02211-z
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Article ; Online: Anti-Glycolytic Drugs in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Systemic and Locoregional Options.

Pourbaghi, Miles / Haghani, Leila / Zhao, Ken / Karimi, Anita / Marinelli, Brett / Erinjeri, Joseph P / Geschwind, Jean-Francois H / Yarmohammadi, Hooman

Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)

2023 Volume 30, Issue 7, Page(s) 6609–6622

Abstract: Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Locoregional therapies, including transarterial embolization (TAE: bland embolization), chemoembolization (TACE), and ... ...

Abstract	Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Locoregional therapies, including transarterial embolization (TAE: bland embolization), chemoembolization (TACE), and radioembolization, have demonstrated survival benefits when treating patients with unresectable HCC. TAE and TACE occlude the tumor's arterial supply, causing hypoxia and nutritional deprivation and ultimately resulting in tumor necrosis. Embolization blocks the aerobic metabolic pathway. However, tumors, including HCC, use the "Warburg effect" and survive hypoxia from embolization. An adaptation to hypoxia through the Warburg effect, which was first described in 1956, is when the cancer cells switch to glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. Hence, this is also known as aerobic glycolysis. In this article, the adaptation mechanisms of HCC, including glycolysis, are discussed, and anti-glycolytic treatments, including systemic and locoregional options that have been previously reported or have the potential to be utilized in the treatment of HCC, are reviewed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy ; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Glycolysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1236972-x
ISSN	1718-7729 ; 1198-0052
ISSN (online)	1718-7729
ISSN	1198-0052
DOI	10.3390/curroncol30070485
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Article ; Online: Exploring the similarities and differences of burn registers globally: Results from a data dictionary comparison study.

Bebbington, Emily / Miles, Joanna / Young, Amber / van Baar, Margriet E / Bernal, Nicole / Brekke, Ragnvald Ljones / van Dammen, Lotte / Elmasry, Moustafa / Inoue, Yoshiaki / McMullen, Kara A / Paton, Lia / Thamm, Oliver C / Tracy, Lincoln M / Zia, Nukhba / Singer, Yvonne / Dunn, Ken

Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

2024 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 850–865

Abstract: Introduction: Pooling and comparing data from the existing global network of burn registers represents a powerful, yet untapped, opportunity to improve burn prevention and care. There have been no studies investigating whether registers are sufficiently ...

Abstract	Introduction: Pooling and comparing data from the existing global network of burn registers represents a powerful, yet untapped, opportunity to improve burn prevention and care. There have been no studies investigating whether registers are sufficiently similar to allow data comparisons. It is also not known what differences exist that could bias analyses. Understanding this information is essential prior to any future data sharing. The aim of this project was to compare the variables collected in countrywide and intercountry burn registers to understand their similarities and differences. Methods: Register custodians were invited to participate and share their data dictionaries. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were compared to understand each register population. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the number of unique variables. Variables were classified into themes. Definition, method, timing of measurement, and response options were compared for a sample of register concepts. Results: 13 burn registries participated in the study. Inclusion criteria varied between registers. Median number of variables per register was 94 (range 28 - 890), of which 24% (range 4.8 - 100%) were required to be collected. Six themes (patient information, admission details, injury, inpatient, outpatient, other) and 41 subthemes were identified. Register concepts of age and timing of injury show similarities in data collection. Intent, mechanism, inhalational injury, infection, and patient death show greater variation in measurement. Conclusions: We found some commonalities between registers and some differences. Commonalities would assist in any future efforts to pool and compare data between registers. Differences between registers could introduce selection and measurement bias, which needs to be addressed in any strategy aiming to facilitate burn register data sharing. We recommend the development of common data elements used in an international minimum data set for burn injuries, including standard definitions and methods of measurement, as the next step in achieving burn register data sharing.
MeSH term(s)	Burns/epidemiology ; Humans ; Registries ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Smoke Inhalation Injury/epidemiology ; Global Health/statistics & numerical data ; Age Factors ; Male ; Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Comparative Study
ZDB-ID	197308-3
ISSN	1879-1409 ; 0305-4179
ISSN (online)	1879-1409
ISSN	0305-4179
DOI	10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.004
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