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  1. Article ; Online: Socio-demographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake and refusal among Ugandan women.

    Backhaus, Andreas

    Globalization and health

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 68

    Abstract: Background: This paper analyzes associations of socio-demographic factors with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, the refusal to get vaccinated against COVID-19, and various reasons stated for refusing vaccination against COVID-19 among a representative ... ...

    Abstract Background: This paper analyzes associations of socio-demographic factors with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, the refusal to get vaccinated against COVID-19, and various reasons stated for refusing vaccination against COVID-19 among a representative sample of Ugandan women.
    Methods: This paper utilizes a representative cross-sectional survey collected among women aged 15-49 years in Uganda between September and November 2021. Regression analyses are used to study the associations of a broad range of socio-demographic characteristics with COVID-19 vaccine uptake, refusal of vaccination, and reasons for refusal among the respondents.
    Results: 4211 women were included in the analysis. 11% of them were vaccinated against COVID-19, 76% were willing to get vaccinated, 13% were unwilling to get vaccinated. Fear of side effects was the most commonly stated reason for refusing vaccination (69%). Factors significantly and positively associated with being vaccinated against COVID-19 were age, higher education, urban residency, having savings, partial instead of complete income loss during the pandemic, and usage of modern contraceptives. Factors significantly and positively associated with refusing vaccination against COVID-19 were urban residency and current pregnancy, while age, having savings, and using modern contraceptives were factors associated with a lower likelihood of refusing vaccination, albeit with varying statistical significance. Few factors were strongly related to the stated reasons for refusing the vaccines; the fear of side effects significantly increased with age, while having received negative information on the vaccines was significantly less common among women with higher education.
    Conclusions: This study documents a low COVID-19 vaccination rate and a high willingness to get vaccinated among Ugandan women. Positive age and education gradients in vaccine uptake point to inequity in access to vaccination, potentially resulting from prioritizations of groups at particularly high risk. Refusal to be vaccinated was relatively low and systematic factors behind vaccine refusal were hardly to be found, even less so for particular reasons given for refusal.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Contraceptive Agents ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged
    Chemical Substances Contraceptive Agents ; COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2185774-X
    ISSN 1744-8603 ; 1744-8603
    ISSN (online) 1744-8603
    ISSN 1744-8603
    DOI 10.1186/s12992-023-00968-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: International travel in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of German school breaks.

    Backhaus, Andreas

    Economics and human biology

    2021  Volume 44, Page(s) 101090

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered severe global restrictions on international travel with the intention of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across countries. This paper studies the causal effect of the partial relaxation of these travel restrictions ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered severe global restrictions on international travel with the intention of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across countries. This paper studies the causal effect of the partial relaxation of these travel restrictions in Europe on the COVID-19 incidence in Germany during the summer months of 2020. It exploits the staggered start of the summer school breaks across German states as an exogenous shock to the travel opportunities of the population. While the school breaks also increased mobility within Germany, the event-study type regressions precisely control for domestic mobility and local COVID-19-related restrictions. The intention-to-treat effects of the relaxed travel restrictions show a significant and sizable increase of the COVID-19 incidence in German counties during the later weeks of the school breaks. Part of the increase can be attributed to a mandatory testing regime for travel returnees from high-incidence areas.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Schools ; Travel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2099749-8
    ISSN 1873-6130 ; 1570-677X
    ISSN (online) 1873-6130
    ISSN 1570-677X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101090
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Common Pitfalls in the Interpretation of COVID-19 Data and Statistics.

    Backhaus, Andreas

    Inter economics

    2020  Volume 55, Issue 3, Page(s) 162–166

    Abstract: Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic. ...

    Abstract Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2066476-X
    ISSN 1613-964X ; 0020-5346
    ISSN (online) 1613-964X
    ISSN 0020-5346
    DOI 10.1007/s10272-020-0893-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: International travel in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from German school breaks

    Backhaus, Andreas

    medRxiv

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered severe global restrictions on international travel with the intention of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across countries. This paper studies the effects of the partial relaxation of these travel restrictions in ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered severe global restrictions on international travel with the intention of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across countries. This paper studies the effects of the partial relaxation of these travel restrictions in Europe during the summer months of 2020. It exploits the staggered start of the summer school breaks across German states as an exogenous shock to the travel opportunities of the population. While the school breaks also increased mobility within Germany, the event study regressions include disaggregated and time-varying controls for domestic mobility and local COVID-19-related restrictions. The resulting intention-to-treat effects of the relaxed travel restrictions show a significant and sizable increase of the COVID-19 incidence in German counties during the later weeks of the school breaks.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-23
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.02.19.21252062
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Atrial functional assessment at rest and during exercise stress in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

    Backhaus, Sören J / Schuster, Andreas

    European heart journal

    2022  Volume 43, Issue 36, Page(s) 3493–3494

    MeSH term(s) Diastole ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 603098-1
    ISSN 1522-9645 ; 0195-668X
    ISSN (online) 1522-9645
    ISSN 0195-668X
    DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac418
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Common Pitfalls in the Interpretation of COVID-19 Data and Statistics

    Backhaus, Andreas

    Intereconomics

    2020  Volume 55, Issue 3, Page(s) 162–166

    Keywords Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ; Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2066476-X
    ISSN 1613-964X ; 0020-5346
    ISSN (online) 1613-964X
    ISSN 0020-5346
    DOI 10.1007/s10272-020-0893-1
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Common Pitfalls in the Interpretation of COVID-19 Data and Statistics

    Backhaus, Andreas

    Intereconomics

    Abstract: Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic. ...

    Abstract Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #601937
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Common Pitfalls in the Interpretation of COVID-19 Data and Statistics

    Backhaus, Andreas

    2020  

    Abstract: Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic. ...

    Abstract Policymakers, experts and the general public heavily rely on the data that are being reported in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Daily data releases on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths provide information on the course of the pandemic.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Heidelberg: Springer
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book ; Article ; Online: Skills in African Labor Markets and Implications for Migration to Europe

    Backhaus, Andreas

    2020  

    Abstract: This paper assesses the potential for skilled labor migration from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe. It utilizes representative surveys from Ghana and Kenya to shed light on the quality and distribution of skills in the labor markets of these countries. ... ...

    Abstract This paper assesses the potential for skilled labor migration from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe. It utilizes representative surveys from Ghana and Kenya to shed light on the quality and distribution of skills in the labor markets of these countries. Skills in both countries are found to be unevenly distributed, with significant parts of the labor force being essentially unskilled. Similarly designed surveys from France, Germany, and the UK further allow comparing skills and formal education between the African and the European countries. On average, the labor force in the subSaharan African countries is less skilled and less educated than the European labor force. Importantly, even at the same levels of formal education, workers in Ghana and Kenya are substantially less skilled than workers in Europe. The paper further considers a number of hypothetical scenarios for skilled labor migration from the African to the European countries. It is demonstrated that the European countries would have to recruit workers from the very top end of the African skill distribution to match European demands for skills. In turn, the average worker from the African labor markets would fit only into the low end of the European skill distribution where employment rates are low. Hence, more regular and skilled labor migration from African countries will unlikely be a remedy for skill shortages in Europe unless migrants are positively selected on their skills. In that case, however, additional opportunities for skilled labor migration would risk a brain drain from African countries that could harm economic development there. Improving the quality of education in sub-Saharan Africa on a broad scale remains indispensable for mutually beneficial migration between Africa and Europe.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; I25 ; J61 ; O15 ; migration ; skills ; human capital ; brain drain ; sub-Saharan Africa ; Europe
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Kiel: Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: P-wave parameters and their association with thrombi and spontaneous echo contrast in the left atrial appendage.

    Kreimer, Fabienne / Backhaus, Julian Felix / Krogias, Christos / Pflaumbaum, Andreas / Mügge, Andreas / Gotzmann, Michael

    Clinical cardiology

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 397–406

    Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of abnormal P-wave parameters in patients with thrombus and/or spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in the left atrial appendage (LAA), and to identify P-wave parameters particularly associated ... ...

    Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of abnormal P-wave parameters in patients with thrombus and/or spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in the left atrial appendage (LAA), and to identify P-wave parameters particularly associated with thrombus and SEC formation.
    Hypothesis: We presume a significant relationship of P-wave parameters with thrombi and SEC.
    Methods: All patients in whom a thrombus or SEC was detected in the LAA on transoesophageal echocardiography were included in this study. Patients at risk (CHA2DS2-VASc Score ≥3) and routine transoesophageal echocardiography to exclude thrombi served as the control group. A detailed ECG analysis was performed.
    Results: Of a total of 4062 transoesophageal echocardiographies, thrombi and SEC were detected in 302 patients (7.4%). Of these patients, 27 (8.9%) presented with sinus rhythm. The control group included 79 patients. There was no difference in mean CHA2DS2-VASc score in the two groups (p = .182). A high prevalence of abnormal P-wave parameters was detected in patients with thrombus/SEC. Indicators for the presence of thrombi or SEC in the LAA were P-wave duration >118 ms (Odds ratio (OR) 3.418, Confidence interval (CI) 1.522-7.674, p < .001), P-wave dispersion >40 ms (OR 2.521, CI 1.390-4.571, p < .001) and advanced interatrial block (OR 1.431, CI 1.033-1.984, p = .005).
    Conclusion: Our study revealed that several P-wave parameters are associated with thrombi and SEC in the LAA. The results may help identify patients who are at particularly high risk for thromboembolic events (e.g., in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Thrombosis/epidemiology ; Thromboembolism ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391935-3
    ISSN 1932-8737 ; 0160-9289
    ISSN (online) 1932-8737
    ISSN 0160-9289
    DOI 10.1002/clc.23980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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