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Article ; Online: Common Questions About Streptococcal Pharyngitis.

Kalra, Monica G / Higgins, Kim E / Perez, Evan D

2016 Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) 24–31

Abstract: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection causes 15% to 30% of sore throats in children and 5% to 15% in adults, and is more common in the late winter and early spring. The strongest independent predictors of GABHS pharyngitis are patient ... ...

Abstract	Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection causes 15% to 30% of sore throats in children and 5% to 15% in adults, and is more common in the late winter and early spring. The strongest independent predictors of GABHS pharyngitis are patient age of five to 15 years, absence of cough, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, tonsillar exudates, and fever. To diagnose GABHS pharyngitis, a rapid antigen detection test should be ordered in patients with a modified Centor or FeverPAIN score of 2 or 3. First-line treatment for GABHS pharyngitis includes a 10-day course of penicillin or amoxicillin. Patients allergic to penicillin can be treated with firstgeneration cephalosporins, clindamycin, or macrolide antibiotics. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are more effective than acetaminophen and placebo for treatment of fever and pain associated with GABHS pharyngitis; medicated throat lozenges used every two hours are also effective. Corticosteroids provide only a small reduction in the duration of symptoms and should not be used routinely.
MeSH term(s)	Amoxicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Exudates and Transudates ; Fever/etiology ; Humans ; Lymphadenopathy/etiology ; Neck ; Pain Management ; Penicillins/therapeutic use ; Pharyngitis/complications ; Pharyngitis/diagnosis ; Pharyngitis/drug therapy ; Pharyngitis/immunology ; Streptococcal Infections/complications ; Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Streptococcal Infections/immunology ; Streptococcus pyogenes
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Penicillins ; Amoxicillin (804826J2HU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article ; Online: Prevention of malaria in travelers.

Johnson, Brett A / Kalra, Monica G

American family physician

2012 Volume 85, Issue 10, Page(s) 973–977

Abstract: There are approximately 300 million cases of malaria each year, resulting in 1 million deaths worldwide. Family physicians often encounter patients preparing to travel to malaria-endemic regions. Physicians should have basic knowledge of parasite ... ...

Abstract	There are approximately 300 million cases of malaria each year, resulting in 1 million deaths worldwide. Family physicians often encounter patients preparing to travel to malaria-endemic regions. Physicians should have basic knowledge of parasite transmission and malaria prevention. The risk of malaria acquisition is based largely on geographic location and travel season. Most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia between the months of May and December. Key elements in prevention include barrier protection and chemoprophylaxis. Travelers to malaria-endemic areas should be advised to use mosquito repellent at all times and bed netting at night. Prophylactic medication should be initiated before travel and continued after return. Travelers should be warned that malaria symptoms can present up to one year after a mosquito bite. Symptoms are vague, and may include fever, chills, arthralgias, and headaches. Travelers experiencing symptoms should seek prompt medical attention.
MeSH term(s)	Antimalarials/administration & dosage ; Chemoprevention/methods ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Patient Education as Topic ; Primary Health Care/methods ; Professional-Patient Relations ; Referral and Consultation ; Seasons ; Travel ; Travel Medicine ; Tropical Climate ; United States
Chemical Substances	Antimalarials
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article ; Online: Intertrigo and secondary skin infections.

Kalra, Monica G / Higgins, Kim E / Kinney, Bruce S

American family physician

2014 Volume 89, Issue 7, Page(s) 569–573

Abstract: Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring on two closely opposed skin surfaces as a result of moisture, friction, and lack of ventilation. Bodily secretions, including perspiration, urine, and feces, often exacerbate skin inflammation. ...

Abstract	Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring on two closely opposed skin surfaces as a result of moisture, friction, and lack of ventilation. Bodily secretions, including perspiration, urine, and feces, often exacerbate skin inflammation. Physical examination of skin folds reveals regions of erythema with peripheral scaling. Excessive friction and inflammation can cause skin breakdown and create an entry point for secondary fungal and bacterial infections, such as Candida, group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and Corynebacterium minutissimum. Candidal intertrigo is commonly diagnosed clinically, based on the characteristic appearance of satellite lesions. Diagnosis may be confirmed using a potassium hydroxide preparation. Resistant cases require oral fluconazole therapy. Bacterial superinfections may be identified with bacterial culture or Wood lamp examination. Fungal lesions are treated with topical nystatin, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, oxiconazole, or econazole. Secondary streptococcal infections are treated with topical mupirocin or oral penicillin. Corynebacterium infections are treated with oral erythromycin.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use ; Coinfection ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Intertrigo/diagnosis ; Intertrigo/drug therapy ; Intertrigo/microbiology ; Skin Diseases, Infectious/complications ; Skin Diseases, Infectious/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article: Suboptimal Chest Radiography and Artificial Intelligence: The Problem and the Solution.

Dasegowda, Giridhar / Kalra, Mannudeep K / Abi-Ghanem, Alain S / Arru, Chiara D / Bernardo, Monica / Saba, Luca / Segota, Doris / Tabrizi, Zhale / Viswamitra, Sanjaya / Kaviani, Parisa / Karout, Lina / Dreyer, Keith J

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: Chest radiographs (CXR) are the most performed imaging tests and rank high among the radiographic exams with suboptimal quality and high rejection rates. Suboptimal CXRs can cause delays in patient care and pitfalls in radiographic interpretation, given ... ...

Abstract	Chest radiographs (CXR) are the most performed imaging tests and rank high among the radiographic exams with suboptimal quality and high rejection rates. Suboptimal CXRs can cause delays in patient care and pitfalls in radiographic interpretation, given their ubiquitous use in the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic ailments. Suboptimal CXRs can also compound and lead to high inter-radiologist variations in CXR interpretation. While advances in radiography with transitions to computerized and digital radiography have reduced the prevalence of suboptimal exams, the problem persists. Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the radiographic acquisition, triage, and interpretation of CXRs, could offer a plausible solution for suboptimal CXRs. We review the literature on suboptimal CXRs and the potential use of AI to help reduce the prevalence of suboptimal CXRs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics13030412
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Article ; Online: A case of heterotopic heart transplant as a "biologic left ventricular assist" in restrictive cardiomyopathy.

Copeland, Hannah / Kalra, Nishant / Gustafson, Monica / Coehlo-Anderson, Romana / Friedman, Mark / Copeland, Jack G

World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery

2011 Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) 637–640

Abstract: Heterotopic heart transplant (HHT) has traditionally been thought of as creating 2 parallel circulations. We present a case of using the donor heart as a "biologic left ventricular assist" (bio-LVA). The heterotopic technique used consisted of 4 ... ...

Abstract	Heterotopic heart transplant (HHT) has traditionally been thought of as creating 2 parallel circulations. We present a case of using the donor heart as a "biologic left ventricular assist" (bio-LVA). The heterotopic technique used consisted of 4 anastomoses: the donor heart pulmonary artery (PA) to the native heart right atrium, the superior vena cava to superior vena cava, the left atrium to left atrium, and the aorta to aorta. A 9-year-old boy with restrictive cardiomyopathy, a PA pressure of 85/53 mmHg, received a HHT because he would probably not be able to tolerate an orthotopic heart transplant secondary to elevated PA pressure. He is currently alive 14 years post-transplantation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-10-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2550261-X
ISSN	2150-136X ; 2150-1351
ISSN (online)	2150-136X
ISSN	2150-1351
DOI	10.1177/2150135111411588
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Article ; Online: Glomerular inflammation correlates with endothelial injury and with IL-6 and IL-1β secretion in the peripheral blood.

Batal, Ibrahim / De Serres, Sacha A / Mfarrej, Bechara G / Grafals, Monica / Pinkus, Geraldine S / Kalra, Aarti / Weins, Astrid / Bijol, Vanesa / Rennke, Helmut G / Guleria, Indira / Abdi, Reza / Chandraker, Anil / Najafian, Nader

Transplantation

2014 Volume 97, Issue 10, Page(s) 1034–1042

Abstract: Background: Transplant glomerulitis is an active form of glomerular injury associated with suboptimal graft outcome, inadequate histologic reproducibility, and poorly understood pathogenesis. Using a modified pathologic schema where glomerular ... ...

Abstract	Background: Transplant glomerulitis is an active form of glomerular injury associated with suboptimal graft outcome, inadequate histologic reproducibility, and poorly understood pathogenesis. Using a modified pathologic schema where glomerular inflammation is defined by the presence of five or more leukocytes per glomerulus, we sought to assess the reproducibility of transplant glomerulitis and to prospectively investigate the pathogenesis of glomerular inflammation. Methods: Our cohort includes 59 kidney transplant recipients who underwent 60 "for cause" allograft biopsies. In addition to light microscopy, the majority of the biopsies were assessed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy studies. Biopsies were classified as noninflamed (n=21), inflamed (borderline changes or above) without glomerulitis (n=21), and transplant glomerulitis (n=18). Peripheral blood was collected on the day of biopsy and cytokines secreted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured ex vivo. Results: Our modified schema had higher inter-observer agreement for detecting glomerulitis than that of the current Banff schema. Biopsies with glomerulitis showed ultrastructural signs of glomerular capillary wall remodeling. In contrast to other anatomic compartments, intraglomerular leukocytes in glomerulitis group consisted largely of monocytes. Patients with glomerulitis had high levels of IL-6 and IL-1β secreted by PBMCs. Furthermore, the percentage of inflamed glomeruli and the number of intraglomerular monocytes showed independent association with IL-6 and IL-1β levels, which tended to correlate with subsequent estimated glomerular filtration rate decline. Conclusions: Inter-observer reproducibility of transplant glomerulitis can be improved by using more stringent histologic criteria. Glomerular inflammation correlates with endothelial injury, monocyte influx, and IL-6 and IL-β secretion by circulating immune cells.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers/blood ; Biopsy ; Disease Progression ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Endothelium, Vascular/ultrastructure ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis/blood ; Glomerulonephritis/etiology ; Glomerulonephritis/physiopathology ; Graft Rejection/blood ; Graft Rejection/complications ; Graft Rejection/physiopathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-1beta/blood ; Interleukin-1beta/secretion ; Interleukin-6/blood ; Interleukin-6/secretion ; Kidney Glomerulus/blood supply ; Kidney Glomerulus/ultrastructure ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/secretion ; Prospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Reproducibility of Results
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208424-7
ISSN	1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
ISSN (online)	1534-6080
ISSN	0041-1337
DOI	10.1097/01.TP.0000441096.22471.36
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Zs.A 488: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 509: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Genome-wide association analyses define pathogenic signaling pathways and prioritize drug targets for IgA nephropathy.

Kiryluk, Krzysztof / Sanchez-Rodriguez, Elena / Zhou, Xu-Jie / Zanoni, Francesca / Liu, Lili / Mladkova, Nikol / Khan, Atlas / Marasa, Maddalena / Zhang, Jun Y / Balderes, Olivia / Sanna-Cherchi, Simone / Bomback, Andrew S / Canetta, Pietro A / Appel, Gerald B / Radhakrishnan, Jai / Trimarchi, Hernan / Sprangers, Ben / Cattran, Daniel C / Reich, Heather /

Pei, York / Ravani, Pietro / Galesic, Kresimir / Maixnerova, Dita / Tesar, Vladimir / Stengel, Benedicte / Metzger, Marie / Canaud, Guillaume / Maillard, Nicolas / Berthoux, Francois / Berthelot, Laureline / Pillebout, Evangeline / Monteiro, Renato / Nelson, Raoul / Wyatt, Robert J / Smoyer, William / Mahan, John / Samhar, Al-Akash / Hidalgo, Guillermo / Quiroga, Alejandro / Weng, Patricia / Sreedharan, Raji / Selewski, David / Davis, Keefe / Kallash, Mahmoud / Vasylyeva, Tetyana L / Rheault, Michelle / Chishti, Aftab / Ranch, Daniel / Wenderfer, Scott E / Samsonov, Dmitry / Claes, Donna J / Akchurin, Oleh / Goumenos, Dimitrios / Stangou, Maria / Nagy, Judit / Kovacs, Tibor / Fiaccadori, Enrico / Amoroso, Antonio / Barlassina, Cristina / Cusi, Daniele / Del Vecchio, Lucia / Battaglia, Giovanni Giorgio / Bodria, Monica / Boer, Emanuela / Bono, Luisa / Boscutti, Giuliano / Caridi, Gianluca / Lugani, Francesca / Ghiggeri, GianMarco / Coppo, Rosanna / Peruzzi, Licia / Esposito, Vittoria / Esposito, Ciro / Feriozzi, Sandro / Polci, Rosaria / Frasca, Giovanni / Galliani, Marco / Garozzo, Maurizio / Mitrotti, Adele / Gesualdo, Loreto / Granata, Simona / Zaza, Gianluigi / Londrino, Francesco / Magistroni, Riccardo / Pisani, Isabella / Magnano, Andrea / Marcantoni, Carmelita / Messa, Piergiorgio / Mignani, Renzo / Pani, Antonello / Ponticelli, Claudio / Roccatello, Dario / Salvadori, Maurizio / Salvi, Erica / Santoro, Domenico / Gembillo, Guido / Savoldi, Silvana / Spotti, Donatella / Zamboli, Pasquale / Izzi, Claudia / Alberici, Federico / Delbarba, Elisa / Florczak, Michał / Krata, Natalia / Mucha, Krzysztof / Pączek, Leszek / Niemczyk, Stanisław / Moszczuk, Barbara / Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Malgorzata / Mizerska-Wasiak, Malgorzata / Perkowska-Ptasińska, Agnieszka / Bączkowska, Teresa / Durlik, Magdalena / Pawlaczyk, Krzysztof / Sikora, Przemyslaw / Zaniew, Marcin / Kaminska, Dorota / Krajewska, Magdalena / Kuzmiuk-Glembin, Izabella / Heleniak, Zbigniew / Bullo-Piontecka, Barbara / Liberek, Tomasz / Dębska-Slizien, Alicja / Hryszko, Tomasz / Materna-Kiryluk, Anna / Miklaszewska, Monika / Szczepańska, Maria / Dyga, Katarzyna / Machura, Edyta / Siniewicz-Luzeńczyk, Katarzyna / Pawlak-Bratkowska, Monika / Tkaczyk, Marcin / Runowski, Dariusz / Kwella, Norbert / Drożdż, Dorota / Habura, Ireneusz / Kronenberg, Florian / Prikhodina, Larisa / van Heel, David / Fontaine, Bertrand / Cotsapas, Chris / Wijmenga, Cisca / Franke, Andre / Annese, Vito / Gregersen, Peter K / Parameswaran, Sreeja / Weirauch, Matthew / Kottyan, Leah / Harley, John B / Suzuki, Hitoshi / Narita, Ichiei / Goto, Shin / Lee, Hajeong / Kim, Dong Ki / Kim, Yon Su / Park, Jin-Ho / Cho, BeLong / Choi, Murim / Van Wijk, Ans / Huerta, Ana / Ars, Elisabet / Ballarin, Jose / Lundberg, Sigrid / Vogt, Bruno / Mani, Laila-Yasmin / Caliskan, Yasar / Barratt, Jonathan / Abeygunaratne, Thilini / Kalra, Philip A / Gale, Daniel P / Panzer, Ulf / Rauen, Thomas / Floege, Jürgen / Schlosser, Pascal / Ekici, Arif B / Eckardt, Kai-Uwe / Chen, Nan / Xie, Jingyuan / Lifton, Richard P / Loos, Ruth J F / Kenny, Eimear E / Ionita-Laza, Iuliana / Köttgen, Anna / Julian, Bruce A / Novak, Jan / Scolari, Francesco / Zhang, Hong / Gharavi, Ali G

Nature genetics

2023 Volume 55, Issue 7, Page(s) 1091–1105

Abstract: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a progressive form of kidney disease defined by glomerular deposition of IgA. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of 10,146 kidney-biopsy-diagnosed IgAN cases and 28,751 controls across 17 international cohorts. We ...

Abstract	IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a progressive form of kidney disease defined by glomerular deposition of IgA. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of 10,146 kidney-biopsy-diagnosed IgAN cases and 28,751 controls across 17 international cohorts. We defined 30 genome-wide significant risk loci explaining 11% of disease risk. A total of 16 loci were new, including TNFSF4/TNFSF18, REL, CD28, PF4V1, LY86, LYN, ANXA3, TNFSF8/TNFSF15, REEP3, ZMIZ1, OVOL1/RELA, ETS1, IGH, IRF8, TNFRSF13B and FCAR. The risk loci were enriched in gene orthologs causing abnormal IgA levels when genetically manipulated in mice. We also observed a positive genetic correlation between IgAN and serum IgA levels. High polygenic score for IgAN was associated with earlier onset of kidney failure. In a comprehensive functional annotation analysis of candidate causal genes, we observed convergence of biological candidates on a common set of inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokine ligand-receptor pairs, prioritizing potential new drug targets.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA/drug therapy ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA/genetics ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA/diagnosis ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Immunoglobulin A/genetics
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin A
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1108734-1
ISSN	1546-1718 ; 1061-4036
ISSN (online)	1546-1718
ISSN	1061-4036
DOI	10.1038/s41588-023-01422-x
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Zs.A 3613: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Postmarketing Reports from Industry-Sponsored Programs in Drug Safety Surveillance.

Harinstein, Lisa / Kalra, Dipti / Kortepeter, Cindy M / Muñoz, Monica A / Wu, Eileen / Dal Pan, Gerald J

Drug safety

2018 Volume 42, Issue 5, Page(s) 649–655

Abstract: ... information in the narrative (e.g., temporality, comorbidities).: Results: Compared with non-industry ...

Abstract	Introduction and objective: Adverse event reports from industry-sponsored programs, such as patient support programs, have contributed to a rise in the number of individual case safety reports in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database. This study aimed to characterize individual case safety reports from industry-sponsored program and non-industry-sponsored program sources and compare their usefulness in safety signal detection. Methods: Individual case safety reports of six drug and biological products were identified in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database between the date of Food and Drug Administration product approval and the first quarter of 2017. A random subset of industry-sponsored program and non-industry-sponsored program individual case safety reports were then compared to identify differences in reporters, outcomes, data completeness, and usefulness. The 'usefulness' of individual case safety reports was assessed by manually reviewing the availability of key information in the narrative (e.g., temporality, comorbidities). Results: Compared with non-industry-sponsored program reports, more industry-sponsored program reports were associated with a serious outcome (51.4% vs. 58.8%, p = 0.02) and were reported by consumers (35.5% vs. 50.4%, p < 0.01). Industry-sponsored program reports tended to contain more data elements than non-industry-sponsored program reports (i.e., age, sex, indication for use), but completeness was variable across products. No significant difference in usefulness was identified between non-industry-sponsored program and industry-sponsored program individual case safety reports (30.6% vs. 28.5%, p = 0.42). Useful reports that contained at least one serious, unlabeled adverse event represented only 4% and 6.2% of the non-industry-sponsored program and industry-sponsored program report cohorts, respectively. Conclusions: Our study suggests that reports obtained from industry-sponsored programs in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database contain more data elements but are similar to non-industry-sponsored program reports with regard to 'usefulness' in signal detection.
MeSH term(s)	Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/standards ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Biological Products/adverse effects ; Biological Products/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Agents/adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Industry ; Hematologic Agents/adverse effects ; Hematologic Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing/standards
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents ; Biological Products ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Hematologic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-19
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1018059-x
ISSN	1179-1942 ; 0114-5916
ISSN (online)	1179-1942
ISSN	0114-5916
DOI	10.1007/s40264-018-0759-7
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Article ; Online: Antifungal efficacy of three medicinal plants

Sharma, Hunny / Yunus, G Y / Agrawal, Rohit / Kalra, Monika / Verma, Swati / Bhattar, Supriya

Indian journal of dental research : official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research

2016 Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 433–436

Abstract: ... antifungal agents.: Materials and methods: Bark of G. glabra, stem of F. religiosa, and husk of P. major were ... were applied for statistical analysis.: Results: G. glabra was found to be most effective ... of F. religiosa and P. major with itraconazole 10 mcg.: Conclusion: G. glabra, F. religiosa, and P ...

Abstract	Introduction: From ancient times, plants with medicinal values are being tested and used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. Aims and objectives: The present in vitro study was designed to assess the antifungal activity of three commonly available medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting oral Candida albicans in comparison to standard antifungal agents. Materials and methods: Bark of G. glabra, stem of F. religiosa, and husk of P. major were collected, crushed into fine powder, and dissolved in 67% ethanol. Extracts were subjected to antifungal efficacy test against oral C. albicans (ATCC 66027) using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Mean zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured by HI antibiotic zone scale. One-way ANOVA using Tukey's post hoc and t-test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: G. glabra was found to be most effective among the three with highest mean ZOI measuring 19.8 ± 0.83, 19.4 ± 0.54, and 18.2 ± 1.09 at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Tukey's post hoc test showed statistically nonsignificant difference between antifungal activity of F. religiosa and P. major with itraconazole 10 mcg. Conclusion: G. glabra, F. religiosa, and P. major showed acceptable potency against C. albicans (ATCC 66027) comparable to that of synthetic antifungal agents. However, further studies should be undertaken to affirm the same and test their efficacy in different concentrations and clinical utility.
MeSH term(s)	Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Candida albicans/drug effects ; Ficus ; Glycyrrhiza ; In Vitro Techniques ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plantago
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1354886-4
ISSN	1998-3603 ; 0970-9290
ISSN (online)	1998-3603
ISSN	0970-9290
DOI	10.4103/0970-9290.191895
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Article ; Online: Curability and transferability of atopy with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Bone marrow transplantation

2020 Volume 55, Issue 7, Page(s) 1282–1289

Abstract: Atopy is excessive production of IgE in response to allergens. We evaluated in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) the following hypotheses: (1) Atopy is "curable" in atopic patients receiving HCT from a nonatopic ... ...

Abstract	Atopy is excessive production of IgE in response to allergens. We evaluated in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) the following hypotheses: (1) Atopy is "curable" in atopic patients receiving HCT from a nonatopic donor (D-R+), and (2) Atopy is transferable from atopic donors to nonatopic recipients (D+R-). Atopic patients with atopic donors (D+R+) and non-atopic patients with non-atopic donors (D-R-) served as controls. We measured levels of multiallergen-specific IgE (A-IgE, atopy defined as ≥0.35 kU
MeSH term(s)	Allergens ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Immunoglobulin E
Chemical Substances	Allergens ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632854-4
ISSN	1476-5365 ; 0268-3369 ; 0951-3078
ISSN (online)	1476-5365
ISSN	0268-3369 ; 0951-3078
DOI	10.1038/s41409-020-0876-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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