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Book ; Online: Community wells to mitigate the arsenic crisis in Bangladesh / Alexander van Geen . [et al.] ; L' utilisation des puits communautaires permet d' atténuer l' exposition à l' arsenic au Bangladesh

Geen, Alexander van / Ahmed, Kazi Matin / Seddique, Ashraf Ali / Shamsudduha, M

résumé ; Pozos comunitarios para mitigar la crisis del arsénico en Bangladesh : resumen

2003

Abstract: Summaries in English, French, Spanish and ... ...

Abstract	Summaries in English, French, Spanish and Arabic
Keywords	Drinking water ; Arsenic ; Water supply ; Bangladesh ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; analysis standards ; standards
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Community wells to mitigate the arsenic crisis in Bangladesh / Alexander van Geen . [et al.] ; L' utilisation des puits communautaires permet d' atténuer l' exposition à l' arsenic au Bangladesh

Geen, Alexander van / Ahmed, Kazi Matin / Seddique, Ashraf Ali / Shamsudduha, M

résumé ; Pozos comunitarios para mitigar la crisis del arsénico en Bangladesh : resumen

2003

Abstract: Summaries in English, French, Spanish and ... ...

Abstract	Summaries in English, French, Spanish and Arabic
Keywords	Drinking water ; Arsenic ; Water supply ; Bangladesh ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; analysis standards ; standards
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Promotion of well-switching to mitigate the current arsenic crisis in Bangladesh / Alexander van Geen . [et al.] ; Promotion de changement d' utilisation de puits afin de réduire l' exposition à l' arsenic au Bangladesh

résumé ; Promoción del uso de pozos seleccionados para ruducir la exposición al arsénico en Bangladesh : resumen

2002

Abstract: Summaries in English, French and ... ...

Abstract	Summaries in English, French and Spanish
Keywords	Drinking water ; Water supply ; Arsenic ; Bangladesh ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; chemistry standards ; analysis
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Promotion of well-switching to mitigate the current arsenic crisis in Bangladesh / Alexander van Geen . [et al.] ; Promotion de changement d' utilisation de puits afin de réduire l' exposition à l' arsenic au Bangladesh

résumé ; Promoción del uso de pozos seleccionados para ruducir la exposición al arsénico en Bangladesh : resumen

2002

Abstract: Summaries in English, French and ... ...

Abstract	Summaries in English, French and Spanish
Keywords	Drinking water ; Water supply ; Arsenic ; Bangladesh ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; chemistry standards ; analysis
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sulfate reduction accelerates groundwater arsenic contamination even in aquifers with abundant iron oxides.

Nghiem, Athena A / Prommer, Henning / Mozumder, M Rajib H / Siade, Adam / Jamieson, James / Ahmed, Kazi Matin / van Geen, Alexander / Bostick, Benjamin C

Nature water

2023 Volume 1, Issue 2, Page(s) 151–165

Abstract: Groundwater contamination by geogenic arsenic is a global problem affecting nearly 200 million people. In South and Southeast Asia, a cost-effective mitigation strategy is to use oxidized low-arsenic aquifers rather than reduced high-arsenic aquifers. ... ...

Abstract	Groundwater contamination by geogenic arsenic is a global problem affecting nearly 200 million people. In South and Southeast Asia, a cost-effective mitigation strategy is to use oxidized low-arsenic aquifers rather than reduced high-arsenic aquifers. Aquifers with abundant oxidized iron minerals are presumably safeguarded against immediate arsenic contamination, due to strong sorption of arsenic onto iron minerals. However, preferential pumping of low-arsenic aquifers can destabilize the boundaries between these aquifers, pulling high-arsenic water into low-arsenic aquifers. We investigate this scenario in a hybrid field-column experiment in Bangladesh where naturally high-arsenic groundwater is pumped through sediment cores from a low-arsenic aquifer, and detailed aqueous and solid-phase measurements are used to constrain reactive transport modelling. Here we show that elevated groundwater arsenic concentrations are induced by sulfate reduction and the predicted formation of highly mobile, poorly sorbing thioarsenic species. This process suggests that contamination of currently pristine aquifers with arsenic can occur up to over 1.5 times faster than previously thought, leading to a deterioration of urgently needed water resources.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2731-6084
ISSN (online)	2731-6084
DOI	10.1038/s44221-022-00022-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Elevated arsenic concentrations in groundwater of the Upper Indus Plain of Pakistan across a range of redox conditions.

Mushtaq, Nisbah / Farooqi, Abida / Khattak, Junaid Ali / Hussain, Ishtiaque / Mailloux, Brian / Bostick, Benjamin C / Nghiem, Athena / Ellis, Tyler / van Geen, Alexander

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 912, Page(s) 168574

Abstract: Groundwater of the Ravi River floodplain is particularly elevated in arsenic (As) on both sides of the Pakistan-India border. To understand this pattern, 14 sites were drilled to 12-30 m depth across floodplains and doabs of Pakistan after testing over ... ...

Abstract	Groundwater of the Ravi River floodplain is particularly elevated in arsenic (As) on both sides of the Pakistan-India border. To understand this pattern, 14 sites were drilled to 12-30 m depth across floodplains and doabs of Pakistan after testing over 20,000 wells. Drill cuttings were collected at 1.5 m intervals, 132 of which were sand overlain by 77 intervals of clay and/or silt. Radiocarbon dating of clay indicates deposition of the aquifer sands tapped by wells 20-30 kyr ago. Most (85 %) of the sand samples were gray in color, indicating partial reduction to Fe(II) oxides, whereas most (92 %) of the clay and/or silt samples were orange. Associations between groundwater electrical conductivity, dissolved Fe, sulfate, and nitrate suggest that wells can be elevated (>10 μg/L) in As in the region due to either reductive dissolution of Fe oxides, evaporative concentration, or alkali desorption. In the Ravi floodplain, 47 % of 6445 wells tested contain >10 μg/L As compared to only 9 % of 14,165 tested wells in other floodplains and doabs. The As content of aquifer sands in the Ravi floodplain of Pakistan averages 4 ± 4 mg/kg (n = 66) and is higher than the average of 2 ± 2 mg/kg (n = 51) for aquifer sands outside the Ravi. Synchrotron spectroscopy and column-based speciation indicate predominance of As(V) over As(III) in both aquifer sands and groundwater. Whereas multiple processes may be responsible for elevated levels of As in groundwater across the region, spatial heterogeneity in groundwater As concentrations in the Ravi floodplain seems linked to variations in As concentrations in aquifer sands. Regulation by the solid phase may limit variations in groundwater As over time in response to natural and human-induced changes in hydrology. This means spatial heterogeneity could be taken advantage of to lower the exposure across the region with more testing and targeted drilling.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168574
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Article ; Online: Well-Switching to Reduce Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh: Making the Most of Inaccurate Field Kit Measurements.

Jameel, Yusuf / Mozumder, M Rajib Hassan / van Geen, Alexander / Harvey, Charles F

GeoHealth

2021 Volume 5, Issue 12, Page(s) e2021GH000464

Abstract: Well-switching programs in Bangladesh have successfully lowered arsenic exposure. In these programs, households switch from wells that are labeled "unsafe" to nearby wells labeled "safe," but these designations are usually based on inherently inaccurate ... ...

Abstract	Well-switching programs in Bangladesh have successfully lowered arsenic exposure. In these programs, households switch from wells that are labeled "unsafe" to nearby wells labeled "safe," but these designations are usually based on inherently inaccurate field kit measurements. Here, we (a) compare the efficacy of field-kit measurements to accurate laboratory measurements for well switching, (b) investigate the potential impact on well switching of the chosen "safe" threshold, and (c) consider the possible benefits of providing more detailed concentration information than just "safe" and "unsafe." We explore different hypothetical mitigation scenarios by combining two extensive data sets from Araihazar Bangladesh: a blanket survey of 6595 wells over 25 km
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2021GH000464
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Demand for Information on Environmental Health Risk, Mode of Delivery, and Behavioral Change: Evidence from Sonargaon, Bangladesh.

Tarozzi, Alessandro / Maertens, Ricardo / Ahmed, Kazi Matin / van Geen, Alexander

The World Bank economic review

2020 Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 764–792

Abstract: Millions of villagers in Bangladesh are exposed to arsenic by drinking contaminated water from private wells. Testing for arsenic can encourage switching from unsafe wells to safer sources. This study describes results from a cluster randomized ... ...

Abstract	Millions of villagers in Bangladesh are exposed to arsenic by drinking contaminated water from private wells. Testing for arsenic can encourage switching from unsafe wells to safer sources. This study describes results from a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in 112 villages in Bangladesh to evaluate the effectiveness of different test selling schemes at inducing switching from unsafe wells. At a price of about US0.60, only one in four households purchased a test. Sales were not increased by informal inter-household agreements to share water from wells found to be safe, or by visual reminders of well status in the form of metal placards mounted on the well pump. However, switching away from unsafe wells almost doubled in response to agreements or placards relative to the one in three proportion of households that switched away from an unsafe well with simple individual sales.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2020807-8
ISSN	1564-698X ; 0258-6770
ISSN (online)	1564-698X
ISSN	0258-6770
DOI	10.1093/wber/lhaa009
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Fallout of Lead Over Paris From the 2019 Notre-Dame Cathedral Fire.

van Geen, Alexander / Yao, Yuling / Ellis, Tyler / Gelman, Andrew

GeoHealth

2020 Volume 4, Issue 8, Page(s) e2020GH000279

Abstract: The roof and spire of Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris that caught fire and collapsed on 15 April 2019 were covered with 460 t of lead (Pb). Government reports documented Pb deposition immediately downwind of the cathedral and a twentyfold increase in ... ...

Abstract	The roof and spire of Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris that caught fire and collapsed on 15 April 2019 were covered with 460 t of lead (Pb). Government reports documented Pb deposition immediately downwind of the cathedral and a twentyfold increase in airborne Pb concentrations at a distance of 50 km in the aftermath. For this study, we collected 100 samples of surface soil from tree pits, parks, and other sites in all directions within 1 km of the cathedral. Concentrations of Pb measured by X-ray fluorescence range from 30 to 9,000 mg/kg across the area, with a higher proportion of elevated concentrations to the northwest of the cathedral, in the direction of the wind prevailing during the fire. By integrating these observations with a Gaussian process regression model, we estimate that the average concentration of Pb in surface soil downwind of the cathedral is 430 (95% interval, 300-590) mg/kg, nearly double the average Pb concentration in the other directions of 240 (95% interval, 170-320) mg/kg. The difference corresponds to an integrated excess Pb inventory within a 1 km radius of 1.0 (95% interval, 0.5-1.5) t, about 0.2% of all the Pb covering the roof and spire. This is over 6 times the estimated amount of Pb deposited downwind 1-50 km from the cathedral. To what extent the concentrated fallout within 1 km documented here temporarily exposed the downwind population to Pb is difficult to confirm independently because too few soil, dust, and blood samples were collected immediately after the fire.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2020GH000279
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Testing Homes for Potential Sources of Lead Exposure as a High-School Science Project.

Sefchick, Evan M / Dusevic, Daniel / Dougherty, Jack R / Terraciano, Andrew / Ellis, Tyler / van Geen, Alexander

GeoHealth

2021 Volume 5, Issue 11, Page(s) e2021GH000498

Abstract: High-school students tested soil, paint, and water for lead (Pb) in a total of 80 houses in their town of Pelham, New York, where blood-Pb data indicate relatively high levels of child exposure. All the samples were tested in the laboratory using ... ...

Abstract	High-school students tested soil, paint, and water for lead (Pb) in a total of 80 houses in their town of Pelham, New York, where blood-Pb data indicate relatively high levels of child exposure. All the samples were tested in the laboratory using established procedures but this was preceded by testing of soil and paint in the field with a kit by the students. The total Pb concentration in 32 of the 159 soil samples that were collected exceeded 400 ppm, the EPA standard for bare soil in residential areas where children play. Only 4 of the 118 tap water samples that were collected contained over 15 ppb Pb, with the data showing that flushing for 2 min clearly lowered Pb concentration further across the board. The highest risk of child exposure may be posed by old Pb-based paint, however, which was detected in 9 of the 48 samples that were tested. Residents were also the least willing to let the students test or sample their paint. High-school students could help reduce exposure in the many towns where child blood-Pb levels remain high today by identifying sources and, while doing so, learn about environmental science and measurement from this hands-on experience.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2021GH000498
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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