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  1. Article ; Online: ReGen-DTI: A novel generative drug target interaction model for predicting potential drug candidates against SARS-COV2.

    Sivangi, Kaushik Bhargav / Amilpur, Santhosh / Dasari, Chandra Mohan

    Computational biology and chemistry

    2023  Volume 106, Page(s) 107927

    Abstract: Covid-19 has caused massive numbers of infections and fatalities globally. In response, there has been a large-scale experimental and computational research effort to study and develop drugs. Towards this, Deep learning techniques are used for the ... ...

    Abstract Covid-19 has caused massive numbers of infections and fatalities globally. In response, there has been a large-scale experimental and computational research effort to study and develop drugs. Towards this, Deep learning techniques are used for the generation of potential novel drug candidates that are proven to be effective against exploring large molecular search spaces. Recent advances in reinforcement learning in conjunction with generative techniques has proven to be a promising field in the area of drug discovery. In this regard, we propose a generative drug discovery approach using reinforcement techniques for sampling novel molecules that bind to the main protease of SARS-COV2. The generative method reported significant validity scores for the generated novel molecules and captured the underlying features of the training molecules. Further, the model is fine-tuned on existing re-purposed molecules which are active towards specific target proteins based on similarity metrics. Upon fine tuning the model generated 92.71% valid, 93.55% unique, and 100% novel molecules. Unlike previous methods which are dependent on docking procedures, we proposed a deep learning based novel drug target interaction (DTI) model to find the binding affinity between candidate molecules and target protease sequence. Finally, the binding affinity of the generated molecules is predicted against the 3CLPro main protease by using the proposed DTI model. Most of the generated molecules have shown binding affinity scores <100 nM (lower the better), which are significantly better compared to the existing commercial drugs including Remdesevir.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; RNA, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Drug Interactions ; Peptide Hydrolases
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1476-928X
    ISSN (online) 1476-928X
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107927
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Explainable deep neural networks for novel viral genome prediction.

    Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Bhukya, Raju

    Applied intelligence (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 3, Page(s) 3002–3017

    Abstract: Viral infection causes a wide variety of human diseases including cancer and COVID-19. Viruses invade host cells and associate with host molecules, potentially disrupting the normal function of hosts that leads to fatal diseases. Novel viral genome ... ...

    Abstract Viral infection causes a wide variety of human diseases including cancer and COVID-19. Viruses invade host cells and associate with host molecules, potentially disrupting the normal function of hosts that leads to fatal diseases. Novel viral genome prediction is crucial for understanding the complex viral diseases like AIDS and Ebola. While most existing computational techniques classify viral genomes, the efficiency of the classification depends solely on the structural features extracted. The state-of-the-art DNN models achieved excellent performance by automatic extraction of classification features, but the degree of model explainability is relatively poor. During model training for viral prediction, proposed CNN, CNN-LSTM based methods (EdeepVPP, EdeepVPP-hybrid) automatically extracts features. EdeepVPP also performs model interpretability in order to extract the most important patterns that cause viral genomes through learned filters. It is an interpretable CNN model that extracts vital biologically relevant patterns (features) from feature maps of viral sequences. The EdeepVPP-hybrid predictor outperforms all the existing methods by achieving 0.992 mean AUC-ROC and 0.990 AUC-PR on 19 human metagenomic contig experiment datasets using 10-fold cross-validation. We evaluate the ability of CNN filters to detect patterns across high average activation values. To further asses the robustness of EdeepVPP model, we perform leave-one-experiment-out cross-validation. It can work as a recommendation system to further analyze the raw sequences labeled as 'unknown' by alignment-based methods. We show that our interpretable model can extract patterns that are considered to be the most important features for predicting virus sequences through learned filters.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1479519-X
    ISSN 1573-7497 ; 0924-669X
    ISSN (online) 1573-7497
    ISSN 0924-669X
    DOI 10.1007/s10489-021-02572-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of protein synthesis rate in COVID-19 with other human coronaviruses.

    Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Bhukya, Raju

    Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 85, Page(s) 104432

    Abstract: The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is ... ...

    Abstract The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is important to analyze the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) at the codon level to find similarities and variations in hosts to compare with other human coronavirus (CoVs). This requires a comparative and comprehensive study of various human and zoonotic nature CoVs relating to codon usage bias, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), proportions of slow codons, and slow di-codons, the effective number of codons (ENC), mutation bias, codon adaptation index (CAI), and codon frequencies. In this work, seven different CoVs were analyzed to determine the protein synthesis rate and the adaptation of these viruses to the host cell. The result reveals that the proportions of slow codons and slow di-codons in human host of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV found to be similar and very less compared to the other five coronavirus types, which suggest that the 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV have faster protein synthesis rate. Zoonotic CoVs have high RSCU and codon adaptation index than human CoVs which implies the high translation rate in zoonotic viruses. All CoVs have more AT% than GC% in genetic codon compositions. The average ENC values of seven CoVs ranged between 38.36 and 49.55, which implies the CoVs are highly conserved and are easily adapted to host cells. The mutation rate of 2019-nCoV is comparatively less than MERS-CoV and NL63 that shows an evidence for genetic diversity. Host-specific codon composition analysis portrays the relation between viral host sequences and the capability of novel virus replication in host cells. Moreover, the analysis provides useful measures for evaluating a virus-host adaptation, transmission potential of novel viruses, and thus contributes to the strategies of anti-viral drug design.
    MeSH term(s) Base Composition ; Computational Biology/methods ; Coronavirus/classification ; Coronavirus/genetics ; Coronavirus/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Code ; Humans ; Mutation Rate ; Phylogeny ; Protein Biosynthesis ; SARS-CoV-2/classification ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
    ISSN (online) 1567-7257
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104432
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: PPred-PCKSM: A multi-layer predictor for identifying promoter and its variants using position based features.

    Bhukya, Raju / Kumari, Archana / Amilpur, Santhosh / Dasari, Chandra Mohan

    Computational biology and chemistry

    2022  Volume 97, Page(s) 107623

    Abstract: Promoter is a small region of DNA where a protein called RNA polymerase binds thus resulting in initiation of transcription of a specific gene. In bacteria with prokaryotic cell type, the sigma subunit that combines with RNA polymerase helps in ... ...

    Abstract Promoter is a small region of DNA where a protein called RNA polymerase binds thus resulting in initiation of transcription of a specific gene. In bacteria with prokaryotic cell type, the sigma subunit that combines with RNA polymerase helps in identifying promoters. In Escherichia coli (E.coli), the promoters are identified by different sigma factors consisting of different functionalities. There have been various methods used for prediction of different class of promoters. However, these methods need to be improved for better identification and classification of promoters. In this work, we propose a new multi-layer predictor named PPred-PCKSM that uses position-correlation based k-mer scoring matrix (PCKSM), a new feature extraction strategy and an artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting promoters and its six types, namely σ
    MeSH term(s) DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Sigma Factor/genetics ; Sigma Factor/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Sigma Factor ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases (EC 2.7.7.6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1476-928X
    ISSN (online) 1476-928X
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107623
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Comparative analysis of protein synthesis rate in COVID-19 with other human coronaviruses

    Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Bhukya, Raju

    Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2020 Nov., v. 85

    2020  

    Abstract: The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is ... ...

    Abstract The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is important to analyze the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) at the codon level to find similarities and variations in hosts to compare with other human coronavirus (CoVs). This requires a comparative and comprehensive study of various human and zoonotic nature CoVs relating to codon usage bias, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), proportions of slow codons, and slow di-codons, the effective number of codons (ENC), mutation bias, codon adaptation index (CAI), and codon frequencies. In this work, seven different CoVs were analyzed to determine the protein synthesis rate and the adaptation of these viruses to the host cell. The result reveals that the proportions of slow codons and slow di-codons in human host of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV found to be similar and very less compared to the other five coronavirus types, which suggest that the 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV have faster protein synthesis rate. Zoonotic CoVs have high RSCU and codon adaptation index than human CoVs which implies the high translation rate in zoonotic viruses. All CoVs have more AT% than GC% in genetic codon compositions. The average ENC values of seven CoVs ranged between 38.36 and 49.55, which implies the CoVs are highly conserved and are easily adapted to host cells. The mutation rate of 2019-nCoV is comparatively less than MERS-CoV and NL63 that shows an evidence for genetic diversity. Host-specific codon composition analysis portrays the relation between viral host sequences and the capability of novel virus replication in host cells. Moreover, the analysis provides useful measures for evaluating a virus-host adaptation, transmission potential of novel viruses, and thus contributes to the strategies of anti-viral drug design.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; antiviral agents ; codon usage ; drug design ; genetic code ; genetic variation ; host specificity ; humans ; infection ; mutation ; mutation rate ; protein synthesis ; proteome ; virus replication
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-11
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-1348
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104432
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of protein synthesis rate in COVID-19 with other human coronaviruses

    Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Bhukya, Raju

    Infection, Genetics and Evolution

    2020  Volume 85, Page(s) 104432

    Keywords Microbiology (medical) ; Genetics ; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ; Molecular Biology ; Microbiology ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-1348
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104432
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Urine protein biomarkers for the detection, surveillance, and treatment response prediction of bladder cancer.

    Chakraborty, Ashish / Dasari, Shobha / Long, Wang / Mohan, Chandra

    American journal of cancer research

    2019  Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 1104–1117

    Abstract: The "gold standard" diagnostic procedure for bladder cancer is cystoscopy, a technique that can be invasive, expensive, and a possible cause of urinary tract infection. Unlike techniques such as histology, PCR, and staining, assays for protein biomarkers ...

    Abstract The "gold standard" diagnostic procedure for bladder cancer is cystoscopy, a technique that can be invasive, expensive, and a possible cause of urinary tract infection. Unlike techniques such as histology, PCR, and staining, assays for protein biomarkers lend themselves well to the creation of efficient point-of-care tests, which are easy to use and yield fast results. A couple of urine-based tests have been approved by the U.S. FDA, but these tests suffer from low sensitivity. Hence, there is clearly a need for more reliable non-invasive biomarkers of bladder cancer. Urinary biomarkers are particularly attractive due to the direct contact of the urine with the urothelial tumor and the ease of sample collection. With these considerations, this review aims to provide a comprehensive listing of the most promising protein biomarkers of bladder cancer in urine. Biomarkers are organized by their potential role in detection, surveillance, or monitoring of treatment response. The purpose of this review is to assess progress towards the goal of identifying ideal urinary proteins for use in each of the above three biomarker applications in bladder cancer.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2589522-9
    ISSN 2156-6976
    ISSN 2156-6976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A Systematic Review of Interpathologist Agreement in Histologic Classification of Lupus Nephritis.

    Dasari, Shobha / Chakraborty, Ashish / Truong, Luan / Mohan, Chandra

    Kidney international reports

    2019  Volume 4, Issue 10, Page(s) 1420–1425

    Abstract: Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for diagnosis of LN is a renal biopsy. Considering the importance of the ...

    Abstract Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for diagnosis of LN is a renal biopsy. Considering the importance of the biopsy in determining long-term prognostication and treatment decisions, it is crucial to assess renal histopathology with utmost accuracy and precision. This review represents a systematic search of published literature to estimate the degree of interpathologist reproducibility in current assessment of LN.
    Methods: Using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, studies analyzing the agreement of 4 or more pathologists assessing LN slides using the ISN/Renal Pathology Society (RPS) classification, activity index, and chronicity index were selected for analysis in this systematic review.
    Results: In reviewing 6 qualifying studies (those analyzing the agreement of 4 or more pathologists using the ISN/RPS classification, activity index, and chronicity index) for the assignment of ISN/RPS class was 0.325 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.2405-0.425), which is "poor." The median interpathologist concordance values for the assigned activity index and chronicity index were "moderate": 0.52 (IQR 0.51-0.69) and 0.49 (IQR 0.36-0.58), respectively.
    Conclusion: Thus, the current scoring using the ISN/RPS classification system and activity and chronicity indices for LN exhibits poor interpathologist agreement, which limits its use in clinical practice. Given that this can have severe repercussions on a patient's treatment and prognosis, efforts to update pathology assessment guidelines, objectively measurable biomarkers, and deep learning approaches are strongly warranted.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0249
    ISSN (online) 2468-0249
    DOI 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.06.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: NoAS-DS: Neural optimal architecture search for detection of diverse DNA signals.

    Sivangi, Kaushik Bhargav / Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Amilpur, Santhosh / Bhukya, Raju

    Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

    2021  Volume 147, Page(s) 63–71

    Abstract: Neural network architectures are high-performing variable models that can solve many learning tasks. Designing architectures manually require substantial time and also prior knowledge and expertise to develop a high-accuracy model. Most of the ... ...

    Abstract Neural network architectures are high-performing variable models that can solve many learning tasks. Designing architectures manually require substantial time and also prior knowledge and expertise to develop a high-accuracy model. Most of the architecture search methods are developed over the task of image classification resulting in the building of complex architectures intended for large data inputs such as images. Motivated by the applications of DNA computing in Neural Architecture Search (NAS), we propose NoAS-DS which is specifically built for the architecture search of sequence-based classification tasks. Furthermore, NoAS-DS is applied to the task of predicting binding sites. Unlike other methods that implement only Convolution layers, NoAS-DS, specifically combines Convolution and LSTM layers that helps in the process of automatic architecture building. This hybrid approach helped in achieving high accuracy results on TFBS and RBP datasets which outperformed other models in TF-DNA binding prediction tasks. The best architectures generated by the proposed model can be applied to other DNA datasets of similar nature using transfer learning technique that demonstrates its generalization capability. This greatly reduces the effort required to build new architectures for other prediction tasks.
    MeSH term(s) DNA/genetics ; Data Collection ; Generalization, Psychological ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Neural Networks, Computer
    Chemical Substances DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 740542-x
    ISSN 1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
    ISSN (online) 1879-2782
    ISSN 0893-6080
    DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2021.12.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Comparative analysis of protein synthesis rate in COVID-19 with other human coronaviruses

    Dasari, Chandra Mohan / Bhukya, Raju

    Infect Genet Evol

    Abstract: The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is ... ...

    Abstract The genetic code contains information that impacts the efficiency and rate of translation. Translation elongation plays a crucial role in determining the composition of the proteome, errors within a protein contributes towards disease processes. It is important to analyze the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) at the codon level to find similarities and variations in hosts to compare with other human coronavirus (CoVs). This requires a comparative and comprehensive study of various human and zoonotic nature CoVs relating to codon usage bias, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), proportions of slow codons, and slow di-codons, the effective number of codons (ENC), mutation bias, codon adaptation index (CAI), and codon frequencies. In this work, seven different CoVs were analyzed to determine the protein synthesis rate and the adaptation of these viruses to the host cell. The result reveals that the proportions of slow codons and slow di-codons in human host of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV found to be similar and very less compared to the other five coronavirus types, which suggest that the 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV have faster protein synthesis rate. Zoonotic CoVs have high RSCU and codon adaptation index than human CoVs which implies the high translation rate in zoonotic viruses. All CoVs have more AT% than GC% in genetic codon compositions. The average ENC values of seven CoVs ranged between 38.36 and 49.55, which implies the CoVs are highly conserved and are easily adapted to host cells. The mutation rate of 2019-nCoV is comparatively less than MERS-CoV and NL63 that shows an evidence for genetic diversity. Host-specific codon composition analysis portrays the relation between viral host sequences and the capability of novel virus replication in host cells. Moreover, the analysis provides useful measures for evaluating a virus-host adaptation, transmission potential of novel viruses, and thus contributes to the strategies of anti-viral drug design.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #614101
    Database COVID19

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