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Article ; Online: N

Xu, Ruiyao / Wang, Xianxian / Safi, Sadia / Braunegger, Nico / Hipgrave Ederveen, Agnes / Rottmann, Michelle / Wittbrodt, Joachim / Wuhrer, Manfred / Wesslowski, Janine / Davidson, Gary

Cells

2023 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: Reception of Wnt signals by cells is predominantly mediated by Frizzled receptors in conjunction with a co-receptor, the latter being LRP6 or LRP5 for the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. It is important that cells maintain precise control of receptor ... ...

Abstract	Reception of Wnt signals by cells is predominantly mediated by Frizzled receptors in conjunction with a co-receptor, the latter being LRP6 or LRP5 for the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. It is important that cells maintain precise control of receptor activation events in order to properly regulate Wnt/β-catenin signalling as aberrant signalling can result in disease in humans. Phosphorylation of the intracellular domain (ICD) of LRP6 is well known to regulate Wntβ-catenin signalling; however, less is known for regulatory post-translational modification events within the extracellular domain (ECD). Using a cell culture-based expression screen for functional regulators of LRP6, we identified a glycosyltransferase, B3GnT2-like, from a teleost fish (medaka) cDNA library, that modifies LRP6 and regulates Wnt/β-catenin signalling. We provide both gain-of-function and loss-of-function evidence that the single human homolog, B3GnT2, promotes extension of polylactosamine chains at multiple
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; beta Catenin/metabolism ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Glycosyltransferases/metabolism ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	beta Catenin ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 ; Glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4.-) ; LRP6 protein, human ; B3GNT2 protein, human (EC 2.4.1.149) ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells12060863
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Article ; Online: N

Dehghani, Payam / Davidson, Laura J / Grines, Cindy L / Nayak, Keshav / Saw, Jacqueline / Kaul, Prashant / Bagai, Akshay / Garberich, Ross / Schmidt, Christian / Ly, Hung Q / Giri, Jay / Meraj, Perwaiz / Shah, Binita / Garcia, Santiago / Sharkey, Scott / Wood, David A / Welt, Frederick G / Mahmud, Ehtisham / Henry, Timothy D

American heart journal

2020 Volume 227, Page(s) 11–18

Abstract: The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has resulted in a global pandemic. Patients with cardiovascular risk factors or established cardiovascular disease are ... ...

Abstract	The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has resulted in a global pandemic. Patients with cardiovascular risk factors or established cardiovascular disease are more likely to experience severe or critical COVID-19 illness and myocardial injury is a key extra-pulmonary manifestation. These patients frequently present with ST-elevation on an electrocardiogram (ECG) due to multiple etiologies including obstructive, non-obstructive, and/or angiographically normal coronary arteries. The incidence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) mimics in COVID-19-positive hospitalized patients, and the association with morbidity and mortality is unknown. Understanding the natural history and appropriate management of COVID-19 patients presenting with ST elevation is essential to inform patient management decisions and protect healthcare workers. Methods: The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) and The Canadian Association of Interventional Cardiology (CAIC) in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Interventional Council have collaborated to create a multi-center observational registry, NACMI. This registry will enroll confirmed COVID-19 patients and persons under investigation (PUI) with new ST-segment elevation or new onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) on the ECG with clinical suspicion of myocardial ischemia. We will compare demographics, clinical findings, outcomes and management of these patients with a historical control group of over 15,000 consecutive STEMI activation patients from the Midwest STEMI Consortium using propensity matching. The primary clinical outcome will be in- hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, recurrent MI, and repeat unplanned revascularization in COVID-19 confirmed or PUI. Secondary outcomes will include the following: reporting of etiologies of ST Elevation; cardiovascular mortality due to myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest and /or shock; individual components of the primary outcome; composite primary outcome at 1 year; as well as ECG and angiographic characteristics. Conclusion: The multicenter NACMI registry will collect data regarding ST elevation on ECG in COVID-19 patients to determine the etiology and associated clinical outcomes. The collaboration and speed with which this registry has been created, refined, and promoted serves as a template for future research endeavors.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; Bundle-Branch Block/epidemiology ; Bundle-Branch Block/etiology ; COVID-19 ; Cause of Death ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Data Collection/methods ; Databases, Factual ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Registries ; SARS-CoV-2 ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/etiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	80026-0
ISSN	1097-6744 ; 0002-8703
ISSN (online)	1097-6744
ISSN	0002-8703
DOI	10.1016/j.ahj.2020.05.006
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Article ; Online: Soybean yield, biological N

Carciochi, Walter D / Rosso, Luiz H Moro / Secchi, Mario A / Torres, Adalgisa R / Naeve, Seth / Casteel, Shaun N / Kovács, Péter / Davidson, Dan / Purcell, Larry C / Archontoulis, Sotirios / Ciampitti, Ignacio A

Scientific reports

2019 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 19908

Abstract: It is unclear if additional inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at varying soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth stages can impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), increase yield and improve seed composition [protein, oil, and amino acid (AA) ... ...

Abstract	It is unclear if additional inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at varying soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth stages can impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), increase yield and improve seed composition [protein, oil, and amino acid (AA) concentrations]. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different soybean inoculation strategies (seed coating and additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1) on: (i) seed yield, (ii) seed composition, and (iii) BNF traits [nodule number and relative abundance of ureides (RAU)]. Soybean field trials were conducted in 11 environments (four states of the US) to evaluate four treatments: (i) control without inoculation, (ii) seed inoculation, (iii) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at V4, and (iv) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at R1. Results demonstrated no effect of seed or additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1 on either soybean seed yield or composition. Also, inoculation strategies produced similar values to the non-inoculated control in terms of nodule number and RAU, a reflection of BNF. Therefore, we conclude that in soils with previous history of soybean and under non-severe stress conditions (e.g. high early-season temperature and/or saturated soils), there is no benefit to implementing additional inoculation on soybean yield and seed composition.
MeSH term(s)	Bradyrhizobium/physiology ; Nitrogen Fixation/physiology ; Seeds/metabolism ; Seeds/microbiology ; Glycine max/metabolism ; Glycine max/microbiology ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-019-56465-0
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Article ; Online: A Series of Personalized Virtual Light Therapy Interventions for Fatigue: Feasibility Randomized Crossover Trial for N-of-1 Treatment.

Butler, Mark / D'Angelo, Stefani / Ahn, Heejoon / Chandereng, Thevaa / Miller, Danielle / Perrin, Alexandra / Romain, Anne-Marie N / Scatoni, Ava / Friel, Ciaran P / Cheung, Ying-Kuen / Davidson, Karina W

JMIR formative research

2023 Volume 7, Page(s) e45510

Abstract: ... effectiveness of a series of personalized (N-of-1) interventions for the virtual delivery of bright light (BL ... Conclusions: The participant scores on the SUS and satisfaction surveys suggest that personalized N-of-1 ... satisfaction support the use of personalized N-of-1 research designs in evaluating the effect of light therapy ...

Abstract	Background: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms treated in primary care and can lead to deficits in mental health and functioning. Light therapy can be an effective treatment for symptoms of fatigue; however, the feasibility, scalability, and individual-level heterogeneity of light therapy for fatigue are unknown. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a series of personalized (N-of-1) interventions for the virtual delivery of bright light (BL) therapy and dim light (DL) therapy versus usual care (UC) treatment for fatigue in 60 participants. Methods: Participants completed satisfaction surveys comprising the System Usability Scale (SUS) and items assessing satisfaction with the components of the personalized trial. Symptoms of fatigue were measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) daily, PROMIS weekly, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) questionnaires delivered 3 times daily. Comparisons of fatigue between the BL, DL, and UC treatment periods were conducted using generalized linear mixed model analyses between participants and generalized least squares analyses within individual participants. Results: Participants rated the usability of the personalized trial as acceptable (average SUS score=78.9, SD 15.6), and 92% (49/53) of those who completed satisfaction surveys stated that they would recommend the trial to others. The levels of fatigue symptoms measured using the PROMIS daily fatigue measure were lower or improved in the BL (B=-1.63, 95% CI -2.63 to -0.63) and DL (B=-1.44, 95% CI -2.50 to -0.38) periods relative to UC. The treatment effects of BL and DL on the PROMIS daily measure varied among participants. Similar findings were demonstrated for the PROMIS weekly and EMA measures of fatigue symptoms. Conclusions: The participant scores on the SUS and satisfaction surveys suggest that personalized N-of-1 trials of light therapy for fatigue symptoms are both feasible and acceptable. Both interventions produced significant (P<.05) reductions in participant-reported PROMIS and EMA fatigue symptoms relative to UC. However, the heterogeneity of these treatment effects across participants indicated that the effect of light therapy was not uniform. This heterogeneity along with high ratings of usability and satisfaction support the use of personalized N-of-1 research designs in evaluating the effect of light therapy on fatigue for each patient. Furthermore, the results of this trial provide additional support for the use of a series of personalized N-of-1 research trials. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04707846; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04707846.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-18
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2561-326X
ISSN (online)	2561-326X
DOI	10.2196/45510
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Article ; Online: Introducing Data Sciences to N-of-1 Designs, Statistics, Use-Cases, the Future, and the Moniker 'N-of-1' Trial.

Davidson, Karina W / Cheung, Ying Kuen / Friel, Ciarán P / Suls, Jerry

Harvard data science review

2022 Volume 4, Issue SI3

Abstract: This article, an introduction ... ...

Abstract	This article, an introduction to
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2644-2353
ISSN (online)	2644-2353
DOI	10.1162/99608f92.116c43fe
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Article ; Online: The α-dystroglycan N-terminus is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 and enveloped viruses.

Bigotti, Maria Giulia / Klein, Katja / Gan, Esther S / Anastasina, Maria / Andersson, Simon / Vapalahti, Olli / Katajisto, Pekka / Erdmann, Maximilian / Davidson, Andrew D / Butcher, Sarah J / Collinson, Ian / Ooi, Eng Eong / Balistreri, Giuseppe / Brancaccio, Andrea / Yamauchi, Yohei

Antiviral research

2024 Volume 224, Page(s) 105837

Abstract: ... that links the extracellular matrix to the intracellular cytoskeleton. Here we show that the N-terminal ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to develop effective therapeutics in preparedness for further epidemics of virus infections that pose a significant threat to human health. As a natural compound antiviral candidate, we focused on α-dystroglycan, a highly glycosylated basement membrane protein that links the extracellular matrix to the intracellular cytoskeleton. Here we show that the N-terminal fragment of α-dystroglycan (α-DGN), as produced in E. coli in the absence of post-translational modifications, blocks infection of SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture, human primary gut organoids and the lungs of transgenic mice expressing the human receptor angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). Prophylactic and therapeutic administration of α-DGN reduced SARS-CoV-2 lung titres and protected the mice from respiratory symptoms and death. Recombinant α-DGN also blocked infection of a wide range of enveloped viruses including the four Dengue virus serotypes, influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, but not human adenovirus, a non-enveloped virus in vitro. This study establishes soluble recombinant α-DGN as a broad-band, natural compound candidate therapeutic against enveloped viruses.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Dystroglycans ; Pandemics ; Escherichia coli ; Mice, Transgenic ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Dystroglycans (146888-27-9) ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	306628-9
ISSN	1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
ISSN (online)	1872-9096
ISSN	0166-3542
DOI	10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105837
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Article ; Online: An antibody targeting the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the spike trimer.

The Journal of clinical investigation

2022 Volume 132, Issue 11

Abstract: ... dominant epitope ("supersite") on the N-terminal domain (NTD). Using the single B cell technology called ...

Abstract	The protective human antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) focuses on the spike (S) protein, which decorates the virion surface and mediates cell binding and entry. Most SARS-CoV-2 protective antibodies target the receptor-binding domain or a single dominant epitope ("supersite") on the N-terminal domain (NTD). Using the single B cell technology called linking B cell receptor to antigen specificity through sequencing (LIBRA-Seq), we isolated a large panel of NTD-reactive and SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies from an individual who had recovered from COVID-19. We found that neutralizing antibodies against the NTD supersite were commonly encoded by the IGHV1-24 gene, forming a genetic cluster representing a public B cell clonotype. However, we also discovered a rare human antibody, COV2-3434, that recognizes a site of vulnerability on the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in the trimer interface (TI) and possesses a distinct class of functional activity. COV2-3434 disrupted the integrity of S protein trimers, inhibited the cell-to-cell spread of the virus in culture, and conferred protection in human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-transgenic (ACE2-transgenic) mice against the SARS-CoV-2 challenge. This study provides insight into antibody targeting of the S protein TI region, suggesting this region may be a site of virus vulnerability.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	3067-3
ISSN	1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
ISSN (online)	1558-8238
ISSN	0021-9738
DOI	10.1172/JCI159062
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Article ; Online: The differentiation of N-butyl pentylone isomers using GC-EI-MS and NMR.

Liliedahl, Ruby E / Hutzell, Elise / Haley, Madison / Predecki, Daniel P / Davidson, J Tyler

Forensic science international

2023 Volume 351, Page(s) 111815

Abstract: ... mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy approach for the differentiation of N ... also statistically assessed using Welch's ANOVA testing. The presence of diastereomers for N-sec-butyl ... of the four N-butyl pentylone isomers, even when accounting for the effect of the mass spectrometer tune and ...

Abstract	Forensic laboratories are faced with an ever-expanding seized drug landscape including the increasing prevalence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS), such as synthetic cathinones, that have varying potencies and scheduling. This study demonstrates a combined gas chromatography-electron ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy approach for the differentiation of N-butyl pentylone isomers based on distinct retention times, characteristic EI mass spectra, and NMR characterization. Retention time reproducibility was assessed from 60 replicate measurements for each isomer over the course of a month. In addition, the effect of the mass spectrometer tune and the stability of an identified characteristic ion ratio using spectral data from ± 1 scan on either side of the peak apex were also statistically assessed using Welch's ANOVA testing. The presence of diastereomers for N-sec-butyl pentylone was identified using the developed GC-EI-MS method, which was confirmed using one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The retention time reproducibility of the chromatographic method was ± 0.076% or less over the course of a month. An identified characteristic ion ratio between the abundance of the fragment ion at m/z 128 and the fragment ion at m/z 72 enabled the differentiation of the four N-butyl pentylone isomers, even when accounting for the effect of the mass spectrometer tune and mass spectral scans used to calculate the characteristic ion ratio. The 95% confidence interval mean abundance ratio of the fragment ions at m/z 128 and m/z 72 was 17.14 ± 0.14 for N-butyl pentylone, 6.44 ± 0.05 for N-isobutyl pentylone, 3.38 ± 0.02 for N-sec-butyl pentylone, and 0.75 ± 0.01 for N-tert-butyl pentylone. These results highlight the capabilities of a combined GC-EI-MS and NMR approach for the differentiation and characterization of synthetic cathinone isomers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-04
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	424042-x
ISSN	1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
ISSN (online)	1872-6283
ISSN	0379-0738
DOI	10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111815
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Article ; Online: Using a multistakeholder collaboratory and patient surveys to inform the conduct of personalized (N-of-1) trials.

Derby, Lilly / Kronish, Ian M / Wood, Dallas / Cheung, Ying Kuen K / Cohn, Elizabeth / Duan, Naihua / St Onge, Tara / Duer-Hefele, Joan / Davidson, Karina W / Moise, Nathalie

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

2021 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 230–241

Abstract: ... conditions completed the online survey.: Results: Multimorbid participants (N = 501; M age = 56.1 years ...

Abstract	Objective: Personalized trials have the potential to improve the precision of treatment selection and foster patient involvement in clinical decision making. Little is known about the attitudes of patients with multimorbidities. To address this, stakeholders designed and conducted a national survey that determined general attitudes and features of personalized trials that may increase their use among patients with multimorbidities in clinical and research practice. Method: A multistakeholder collaboratory of patients, clinicians, scientists, methodologists, statisticians, and research disseminators designed a survey to determine the conditions, symptoms, and design attributes most applicable to personalized trials according to patients. A sample of U.S. patients with two or more prespecified personalized-trial-amenable chronic conditions completed the online survey. Results: Multimorbid participants (N = 501; M age = 56.1 years) showed that some conditions, symptoms or use cases for personalized trials include pain (57.6%), hypertension (38.8%), diabetes (28.8%), sleep problems (27.4%), and depression (23.0%). Overall, 82.0% of the participants with multimorbidities were interested in participating in personalized trials. The percentage that were interested varied by trial attributes, including physician involvement (86.4%), patient-driven treatment selection (88.0%), clinician blinding (59.2%), placebo treatment options (57.5%), and out-of-pocket costs (41.8%). Conclusion: Participants with multimorbidities identified prevalent use cases that are suited to personalized trials. Participants also identified design features of such trials, including patient-driven treatment selection, active comparators, and nonblinding. This study demonstrates that eliciting input from a collaboratory and patients with multimorbidities can inform research priorities for this rapidly growing patient population and increase adoption by researchers and clinicians alike. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Participation/methods ; Patient Selection/ethics ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Research Personnel ; Stakeholder Participation/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	226369-5
ISSN	1930-7810 ; 0278-6133
ISSN (online)	1930-7810
ISSN	0278-6133
DOI	10.1037/hea0001058
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Article: Application of N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate for the Treatment of Comminuted Fractures in the Anterior Wall of the Maxillary Sinus: A Prospective Clinical Study.

Hafeez A, Abdul / Furmeen S, Sameeya / Durairaj, Duraisamy / Rajasekaran, M Arulmozhi / Rajiah, Davidson

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e35487

Abstract: ... n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in the management of comminuted fracture segments of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus ... were carefully reduced through an intra-oral approach, and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate was applied over ...

Abstract	Objective The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical outcome of patients by using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in the management of comminuted fracture segments of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus in the zygomatico-maxillo-facial complex region. Material and methods A prospective study was done at a tertiary care teaching institute in India with a study population of ten patients in a single group. The method of recruitment was a convenient sampling method. Out of all the study subjects, three patients had isolated maxillary sinus wall fractures, whereas the remaining seven had other associated facial fractures that required stable fixation with mini plates. The comminuted fractures of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus were carefully reduced through an intra-oral approach, and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate was applied over the edges of fractured segments. The segments were left undisturbed for one minute and closed with a 3-0 vicryl. The outcome variables, namely bone alignment visualised through computed tomography (CT) scan postoperatively, paresthesia or hypoesthesia of the infraorbital nerve, postoperative infection, and wound dehiscence, were noted at one-week, one-month, three-month, and six-month intervals. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test. Results Among all patients, seven had satisfactory bone alignment. A total of seven patients recovered from hypoesthesia of the infraorbital nerve. The association of bone alignment with hypoesthesia or paresthesia revealed a highly significant p-value (0.002) using the Chi-square test. Also, an association between postoperative infection and wound dehiscence showed substantial results with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion Good bone alignment was seen postoperatively in 70% of patients. The cyanoacrylate used had no adverse reactions, and its application was restricted to non-load-bearing areas in this study. Further studies with a higher level of evidence and a larger sample size are needed to validate the use of adhesives for bone fixation in other regions of the face.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.35487
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