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  1. Article ; Online: Early Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Ibuprofen.

    Harer, Matthew W / Charlton, Jennifer R / Starr, Michelle C

    The New England journal of medicine

    2024  Volume 390, Issue 13, Page(s) 1246–1247

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Ibuprofen/therapeutic use ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/diagnostic imaging ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/drug therapy ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use ; Infant, Premature
    Chemical Substances Ibuprofen (WK2XYI10QM) ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc2402383
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Urine or You're Out? Perspectives on Urinary Output Thresholds in the Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury Definition.

    Harer, Matthew W / Charlton, Jennifer R

    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 7, Page(s) 939–941

    MeSH term(s) Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2226665-3
    ISSN 1555-905X ; 1555-9041
    ISSN (online) 1555-905X
    ISSN 1555-9041
    DOI 10.2215/CJN.06010522
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Formal Insertion of Alkenes Into C(sp

    Garg, Arushi / Gerwien, Nils J / Fasting, Carlo / Charlton, Alex / Hopkinson, Matthew N

    Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

    2023  Volume 62, Issue 25, Page(s) e202302860

    Abstract: C-F Insertion reactions represent an attractive approach to prepare valuable fluorinated compounds. The high strength of C-F bonds and the low reactivity of the fluoride released upon C-F bond cleavage, however, mean that examples of such processes are ... ...

    Abstract C-F Insertion reactions represent an attractive approach to prepare valuable fluorinated compounds. The high strength of C-F bonds and the low reactivity of the fluoride released upon C-F bond cleavage, however, mean that examples of such processes are extremely scarce in the literature. Here we report a reaction system that overcomes these challenges using hydrogen bond donors that both activate C-F bonds and allow for downstream reactions with fluoride. In the presence of hexafluoroisopropanol, benzyl and propargyl fluorides undergo efficient formal C-F bond insertion across α-fluorinated styrenes. This process, which does not require any additional fluorinating reagent, occurs under mild conditions and delivers products featuring the gem-difluoro motif, which is attracting increasing interest in medicinal chemistry. Moreover, readily available organic bromides can be engaged directly in a one-pot process that avoids the isolation of organic fluorides.
    MeSH term(s) Hydrogen Bonding ; Fluorides/chemistry ; Fluorine/chemistry ; Catalysis ; Alkenes/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Fluorides (Q80VPU408O) ; Fluorine (284SYP0193) ; Alkenes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011836-3
    ISSN 1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
    ISSN (online) 1521-3773
    ISSN 1433-7851
    DOI 10.1002/anie.202302860
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  4. Article ; Online: Undifferentiated HepaRG cells show reduced sensitivity to the toxic effects of M8OI through a combination of CYP3A7-mediated oxidation and a reduced reliance on mitochondrial function.

    Abdelghany, Tarek M / Hedya, Shireen A / Charlton, Alex / Aljehani, Fahad A / Alanazi, Khalid / Budastour, Alaa A / Marin, Larissa / Wright, Matthew C

    Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

    2024  Volume 188, Page(s) 114681

    Abstract: The methylimidazolium ionic liquid M8OI (1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, also known as [C8mim]Cl) has been detected in the environment and may represent a hazard trigger for the autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cholangitis, based in part on ...

    Abstract The methylimidazolium ionic liquid M8OI (1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, also known as [C8mim]Cl) has been detected in the environment and may represent a hazard trigger for the autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cholangitis, based in part on studies using a rat liver progenitor cell. The effect of M8OI on an equivalent human liver progenitor (undifferentiated HepaRG cells; u-HepaRG) was therefore examined. u-HepaRG cells were less sensitive (>20-fold) to the toxic effects of M8OI. The relative insensitivity of u-HepaRG cells to M8OI was in part, associated with a detoxification by monooxygenation via CYP3A7 followed by further oxidation to a carboxylic acid. Expression of CYP3A7 - in contrast to the related adult hepatic CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 forms - was confirmed in u-HepaRG cells. However, blocking M8OI metabolism with ketoconazole only partly sensitized u-HepaRG cells. Despite similar proliferation rates, u-HepaRG cells consumed around 75% less oxygen than B-13 cells, reflective of reduced dependence on mitochondrial activity (Crabtree effect). Replacing glucose with galactose, resulted in an increase in u-HepaRG cell sensitivity to M8OI, near similar to that seen in B-13 cells. u-HepaRG cells therefore show reduced sensitivity to the toxic effects of M8OI through a combination of metabolic detoxification and their reduced reliance on mitochondrial function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114681
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  5. Article ; Online: Intravenous versus oral paracetamol in a UK ambulance service: a case control study.

    Charlton, Karl / Limmer, Matthew / Moore, Hayley

    British paramedic journal

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–6

    Abstract: Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of intravenous versus oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) in the management of acute pain in the out-of-hospital setting.: Methods: We extracted ambulance electronic patient care records for all patients who ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of intravenous versus oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) in the management of acute pain in the out-of-hospital setting.
    Methods: We extracted ambulance electronic patient care records for all patients who received 1 g intravenous paracetamol throughout January 2019, and case matched these by sex and age with consecutive patients who received 1 g oral paracetamol over the same time period. Eligible for inclusion were all patients aged ≥ 18 who received 1 g paracetamol for acute pain and who were transported to the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was the mean reduction in pain score using the numeric rating scale (NRS), with a reduction of 2 or more accepted as clinically significant.
    Results: 80 care records were eligible for analysis; 40 patients received intravenous and 40 patients received oral paracetamol. The mean age of both groups was 54 years (± 3 years) and 67.5% (
    Conclusion: Our study suggests that intravenous paracetamol is more effective than oral paracetamol when managing acute pain in the out-of-hospital setting. Our findings support further investigation of the role of paracetamol in paramedic practice using more robust methods.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1478-4726
    ISSN (online) 1478-4726
    DOI 10.29045/14784726.2020.06.5.1.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: How do older adults receiving aged care services understand and respond to the EQ-5D-5L? A think-aloud study in residential care.

    Lay, Kiri / Crocker, Matthew / Engel, Lidia / Ratcliffe, Julie / Charlton, Simon / Hutchinson, Claire

    Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 11, Page(s) 3161–3170

    Abstract: Purpose: The EQ-5D-5L is a preference-based instrument for measuring and valuing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The EQ-5D-5L has been used extensively in economic evaluation, including in aged care. However, older adults' understanding of the ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The EQ-5D-5L is a preference-based instrument for measuring and valuing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The EQ-5D-5L has been used extensively in economic evaluation, including in aged care. However, older adults' understanding of the EQ-5D-5L has not been comprehensively investigated to date. This research aimed to assess older adults' understanding of the EQ-5D-5L using a think-aloud protocol with two cognition groups: no cognitive impairment and mild/moderate cognitive impairment.
    Methods: Participants' cognition was assessed using the Standardised Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE). Face-to face interviews were conducted with concurrent and retrospective think-aloud encouraged through verbal probing. Audio recordings were transcribed, and qualitative analysis, informed by the Tourangeau four-stage Response Model (comprehension, retrieval, decision process, response process) was conducted in NVivo.
    Results: In total, 46 older adults (age 65 +) were recruited from 10 residential care facilities across South Australia (n = 25 no cognitive impairment, n = 21 mild/moderate cognitive impairment). Comprehension, retrieval, judgement and response mapping issues were common across all cognition levels and EQ-5D-5L dimensions. The two dimensions resulting in the most response issues were usual activities and personal care.
    Conclusion: Older adults may bring a different understanding to the EQ-5D-5L descriptive system than that expected given testing with general population samples. Dimension descriptors that are more relevant to this population may facilitate responses that better align with the underlying EQ-5D-5L concept model.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Cognition ; Psychometrics/methods ; Health Status
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1161148-0
    ISSN 1573-2649 ; 0962-9343
    ISSN (online) 1573-2649
    ISSN 0962-9343
    DOI 10.1007/s11136-023-03466-2
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  7. Article ; Online: The Prevalence of Incidental Mastoid Opacification and the Need for Intervention: A Meta-Analysis.

    Mughal, Zahir / Charlton, Alexander Rowan / Clark, Matthew

    The Laryngoscope

    2021  Volume 132, Issue 2, Page(s) 422–432

    Abstract: Objectives/hypothesis: The increasing use of cross-sectional imaging has led to the predicament of incidental mastoid opacification (IMO). We investigated the prevalence of IMO and the clinical need for ENT assessment or intervention when identified.: ...

    Abstract Objectives/hypothesis: The increasing use of cross-sectional imaging has led to the predicament of incidental mastoid opacification (IMO). We investigated the prevalence of IMO and the clinical need for ENT assessment or intervention when identified.
    Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Methods: The PRISMA statement standards were used to search electronic databases including Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. The selection criteria were mastoid opacification found on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as incidental findings.
    Results: A total of 16 studies were identified for qualitative analysis and 15 for quantitative analysis, mainly retrospective. The pooled prevalence of IMO in 246,288 patients was 8.4% (95% CI 5.5-12.0). The prevalence of IMO was significantly higher in studies with children (17.2%, 95% CI 10.9-24.6) than those with adults (6.1%, 95% CI 3.3-9.6); smaller sample size studies (12.4%, 95% CI 8.1-17.3) compared to larger sample size studies (4.1%, 95% CI 1.5-7.8); and when IMO was detected by viewing images (14.5%, 95% CI 9.9-19.8) compared to reading reports (3.5%, 95% CI 1.3-6.6). Imaging modality was not a significant moderator due to similar IMO rate on CT (8.6%, 95% CI 1.8-19.7) and MRI (10.4%, 95% CI 4.9-17.6). Nine studies reported on clinical outcomes of patients with IMO, and none reliably reported any cases of clinical mastoiditis.
    Conclusions: The term "mastoiditis" on radiology reports based on IMO does not indicate a clinical diagnosis of mastoiditis, although the current body of evidence is limited. Otolaryngology review is suggested if clinical correlation detects otological signs or symptoms.
    Level of evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 132:422-432, 2022.
    MeSH term(s) Bone Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Bone Diseases/epidemiology ; Bone Diseases/therapy ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastoid ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 80180-x
    ISSN 1531-4995 ; 0023-852X
    ISSN (online) 1531-4995
    ISSN 0023-852X
    DOI 10.1002/lary.29581
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  8. Article ; Online: Incidence of emergency calls and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from a cross-sectional study in a UK ambulance service.

    Charlton, Karl / Limmer, Matthew / Moore, Hayley

    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 446–449

    Abstract: Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a national lockdown was introduced on 23 March 2020. In the following weeks, emergency departments in the UK reported a reduction in attendances. We aimed to explore the incidence of emergency calls ... ...

    Abstract Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a national lockdown was introduced on 23 March 2020. In the following weeks, emergency departments in the UK reported a reduction in attendances. We aimed to explore the incidence of emergency calls across North East England, as well as the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) deaths.
    Methods: Data were collected for all patients who contacted North East Ambulance Service between 4 March 2019-2 June 2019 and 2 March 2020-31 May 2020 suffering stroke, ST elevation myocardial infarction, allergy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, falls, intoxication, seizure, sepsis, acute coronary syndrome and OHCA.
    Results: There were a reduction in incidence of calls, excluding OHCA, resulting in ambulance activation during the pandemic compared with same period in 2019, 16 743 versus 19 639, respectively (-14.74%). The decline in calls was partially reversed by the end of May 2020. Incidence of OHCA at the time of the national lockdown had increased by 13.79% with a peak increase of 73.56% in the second week in April 2020. OHCA deaths peaked in the first 2 weeks in April 2020, 95.65% and 90.07%, respectively, but by the end May 2020, incidence of OHCA and OHCA deaths had returned to prelockdown levels.
    Conclusion: Incidence of emergency calls were reduced during the pandemic compared with 2019. There was a rise in incidence of OHCA and OHCA deaths during the same period; however, these changes appear transient. Further research is required to understand patient behaviour towards seeking help during the pandemic and the long-term consequences of not doing so.
    MeSH term(s) Ambulances/statistics & numerical data ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergency Medical Dispatch/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/epidemiology ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/therapy ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2040124-3
    ISSN 1472-0213 ; 1472-0205
    ISSN (online) 1472-0213
    ISSN 1472-0205
    DOI 10.1136/emermed-2020-210291
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  9. Article ; Online: Original article: Validity and reliability of gait metrics derived from researcher-placed and self-placed wearable inertial sensors.

    Ruder, Matthew C / Hunt, Michael A / Charlton, Jesse M / Tse, Calvin T F / Kobsar, Dylan

    Journal of biomechanics

    2022  Volume 142, Page(s) 111263

    Abstract: To compare the inter-session placement reliability for researcher-placed and self-placed sensors, and to evaluate the validity and reliability of waveforms and discrete variables from researcher-placed and self-placed sensors following a previously ... ...

    Abstract To compare the inter-session placement reliability for researcher-placed and self-placed sensors, and to evaluate the validity and reliability of waveforms and discrete variables from researcher-placed and self-placed sensors following a previously described alignment correction algorithm. Fourteen healthy, pain-free participants underwent gait analysis over two data collection sessions. Participants self-placed an inertial sensor on their left tibia and a researcher placed one on their right tibia, before completing 10 overground walking trials. Following an axis correction from a principal component analysis-based algorithm, validity and reliability were assessed within and between days for each sensor placement type through Euclidean distances, waveforms, and discrete outcomes. The placement location of researcher-placed sensors exhibited good inter-session reliability (ICC = 0.85) in comparison to self-placed sensors (ICC = 0.55). Similarly, waveforms from researcher-placed sensors exhibited excellent validity across all variables (CMC ≥ 0.90), while self-placed sensors saw high validity for most axes with reductions in validity for mediolateral acceleration and frontal plane angular velocity. Discrete outcomes saw good to excellent reliability across both sensor placement types. A simple alignment correction algorithm for inertial sensor gait data demonstrated good to excellent validity and reliability in self-placed sensors with no additional data or measures. This method can be used to align sensors easily and effectively despite sensor placement errors during straight, level walking to improve 3D gait data outcomes in data collected with self-placed sensors.
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Gait ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Walking ; Wearable Electronic Devices
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218076-5
    ISSN 1873-2380 ; 0021-9290
    ISSN (online) 1873-2380
    ISSN 0021-9290
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111263
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  10. Article ; Online: Aortic endograft sizing and endoleak, reintervention, and mortality following endovascular aneurysm repair.

    Charlton-Ouw, Kristofer M / Ikeno, Yuki / Bokamper, Matthew / Zakhary, Emad / Smeds, Matthew R

    Journal of vascular surgery

    2021  Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 1519–1526.e2

    Abstract: Objective: Endograft sizing for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is not consistent despite published instructions for use (IFU). We sought to identify factors associated with over/undersizing, determine sex influence on sizing, and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Endograft sizing for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is not consistent despite published instructions for use (IFU). We sought to identify factors associated with over/undersizing, determine sex influence on sizing, and examine sizing effects on endoleak, reintervention, and mortality by analyzing data obtained from the W.L. Gore & Associates Global Registry for Endovascular Aortic Treatment (GREAT).
    Methods: All patients enrolled in GREAT undergoing EVAR were included for analysis. Proximal/distal aortic landing zones were compared with device implanted to assess sizing as related to IFU. χ
    Results: There were 3607 EVAR subjects enrolled in GREAT as of March 2020. Of them, 1896 (53%) were within IFU for sizing, 791 (22%) were oversized, 540 (15%) were undersized, and 380 (10%) had both over- and undersized components. Factors predictive of use outside of IFU included female sex (P = .001), non-white race (P = .0003), decreased proximal neck length (P < .061), or larger iliac diameters (P < .0001). Women were more likely than men to have proximal neck undersizing and iliac limb oversizing, and men were more likely to have iliac limb undersizing. On multivariate analysis, undersizing of the proximal graft was associated with endoleak (hazard ratio [HR], 1.8) and aortic (HR, 60.5) and all-cause (HR, 18.0) mortality. Undersizing of iliac limbs was associated with endoleak (HR, 1.5) and device-related reintervention (HR, 1.4). Iliac limb outside IFU sizing was associated with aortic (HR, 2.6) and all-cause (HR, 1.3) mortality. Proximal and distal oversizing was not associated with adverse outcomes. Female sex was associated with mortality on univariate but not multivariate analysis.
    Conclusions: Women undergoing EVAR with GORE EXCLUDER abdominal aortic aneurysm Endoprosthesis (W.L. Gore & Associates Inc, Flagstaff, Ariz) are more likely to have proximal stent-graft undersizing and iliac limb oversizing, whereas men are more likely to have undersized iliac limbs. Proximal aortic graft undersizing is associated with endoleak and all-cause/aortic mortality, whereas undersizing of iliac limbs is associated with endoleak and device-related reintervention. Oversizing was not associated with adverse outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/mortality ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/mortality ; Endoleak/diagnostic imaging ; Endoleak/etiology ; Endoleak/mortality ; Endoleak/therapy ; Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects ; Endovascular Procedures/instrumentation ; Endovascular Procedures/mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prosthesis Design ; Registries ; Retreatment ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Stents ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605700-7
    ISSN 1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
    ISSN (online) 1097-6809
    ISSN 0741-5214
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.04.045
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