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Article ; Online: 8.7 CHANGES IN CARDIAC FUNCTION BUT NOT STRUCTURE IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH PREMATURE VASCULAR AGEING

Oscar Mac Ananey / Vincent Maher

Artery Research, Vol

2016 Volume 16

Abstract: Purpose: Changes in myocardial and arterial wall properties/function are consistently reported in patients with established cardiovascular disease1. However, few studies have reported these changes in early subclinical disease. The aim of the present ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Changes in myocardial and arterial wall properties/function are consistently reported in patients with established cardiovascular disease1. However, few studies have reported these changes in early subclinical disease. The aim of the present study was to examine cardiac and vascular changes in early subclinical disease and to determine whether these changes occur in parallel. Methods: For this study, 98 healthy lifelong never smokers were recruited. Subjects were categorised as having normal (Norm, n=71) or abnormal (High. n=27) arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, PWV Vicorder, Skidmore, UK) for their age and blood pressure. M-mode Doppler echocardiography (Vivid 7 Dimension, GE, USA) was used to assess heart structure (interventricular septal thickness, IVSd left ventricular internal diameter, LVIDd left ventricular posterior wall thickness, LVPW left ventricular mass, LV Mass) and function (left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time, LV IVRT mitral valve early/late filling velocity, MV E/A). Results: No differences in age (39+//0–9 v 39+//0–9 years P 0.87) or BMI (24.85+//0–3.29 v 25.75+//0–3.68 kg.m2 P 0.24) were observed. No differences in IVSd (0.86+//0–0.15 v 0.85+//0–0.18 cm P 0.64), LVIDd (4.98+//0–0.55 v 4.96+//0–0.42 cm P 0.95), LVPWd (0.81+//0–0.17 v 0.90+//0–0.21 cm P 0.05) or LV Mass (168.86+//0–56.85 v 182.61+//0–61.70 g P 0.43) were observed. However, MV E/A (1.85+//0–0.51 v 1.48+//0–0.51 P 0.0004), but not LV IVRT (0.09+//0–0.02 v 0.09+//0–0.01 P 0.25), was different. Conclusions: Changes in cardiac function are observed before alterations in cardiac structure in healthy subjects with premature vascular stiffening.
Keywords	Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ; RC666-701
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of semi-automated and manual measurements of carotid intima-media thickening.

Mac Ananey, Oscar / Mellotte, Greg / Maher, Vincent

BioMed research international

2014 Volume 2014, Page(s) 531389

Abstract: Carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT) is a marker of both arteriosclerotic and atherosclerotic risks. Technological advances have semiautomated CIMT image acquisition and quantification. Studies comparing manual and automated methods have yielded ... ...

Abstract	Carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT) is a marker of both arteriosclerotic and atherosclerotic risks. Technological advances have semiautomated CIMT image acquisition and quantification. Studies comparing manual and automated methods have yielded conflicting results possibly due to plaque inclusion in measurements. Low atherosclerotic risk subjects (n = 126) were recruited to minimise the effect of focal atherosclerotic lesions on CIMT variability. CIMT was assessed by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound (Philips HDX7E, Phillips, UK) images of the common carotid artery using both manual and semiautomated methods (QLAB, Phillips, UK). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the mean differences of paired measurements (Bland-Altman method) were used to compare both methodologies. The ICC of manual (0.547 ± 0.095 mm) and automated (0.524 ± 0.068 mm) methods was R = 0.74 and an absolute mean bias ± SD of 0.023 ± 0.052 mm was observed. Interobserver and intraobserver ICC were greater for automated (R = 0.94 and 0.99) compared to manual (R = 0.72 and 0.88) methods. Although not considered to be clinically significant, manual measurements yielded higher values compared to automated measurements. Automated measurements were more reproducible and showed lower interobserver variation compared to manual measurements. These results offer important considerations for large epidemiological studies.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis ; Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology ; Coronary Artery Disease/pathology ; Endothelium, Vascular/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2698540-8
ISSN	2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
ISSN (online)	2314-6141
ISSN	2314-6133
DOI	10.1155/2014/531389
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Comparison of Semi-Automated and Manual Measurements of Carotid Intima-Media Thickening

Oscar Mac Ananey / Greg Mellotte / Vincent Maher

BioMed Research International, Vol

2014 Volume 2014

Keywords	Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Technology ; T ; DOAJ:Biotechnology ; DOAJ:Life Sciences ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of Semi-Automated and Manual Measurements of Carotid Intima-Media Thickening

Oscar Mac Ananey / Greg Mellotte / Vincent Maher

BioMed Research International, Vol

2014 Volume 2014

Abstract	Carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT) is a marker of both arteriosclerotic and atherosclerotic risks. Technological advances have semiautomated CIMT image acquisition and quantification. Studies comparing manual and automated methods have yielded conflicting results possibly due to plaque inclusion in measurements. Low atherosclerotic risk subjects (n=126) were recruited to minimise the effect of focal atherosclerotic lesions on CIMT variability. CIMT was assessed by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound (Philips HDX7E, Phillips, UK) images of the common carotid artery using both manual and semiautomated methods (QLAB, Phillips, UK). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the mean differences of paired measurements (Bland-Altman method) were used to compare both methodologies. The ICC of manual (0.547±0.095 mm) and automated (0.524 ± 0.068 mm) methods was R=0.74 and an absolute mean bias ± SD of 0.023±0.052 mm was observed. Interobserver and intraobserver ICC were greater for automated (R=0.94 and 0.99) compared to manual (R=0.72 and 0.88) methods. Although not considered to be clinically significant, manual measurements yielded higher values compared to automated measurements. Automated measurements were more reproducible and showed lower interobserver variation compared to manual measurements. These results offer important considerations for large epidemiological studies.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Inverse Relationship Between Physical Activity, Adiposity, and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Middle-Aged Subjects.

Mac Ananey, Oscar / McLoughlin, Brendan / Leonard, Ann / Maher, Lewena / Gaffney, Peter / Boran, Gerard / Maher, Vincent

Journal of physical activity & health

2015 Volume 12, Issue 12, Page(s) 1576–1581

Abstract: Background: Several obesity related factors are reported to exacerbate premature arterial stiffening, including inactivity and metabolic disarray. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, arterial ... ...

Abstract	Background: Several obesity related factors are reported to exacerbate premature arterial stiffening, including inactivity and metabolic disarray. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, arterial stiffness and adiposity using objective methods. To further explore the role of adiposity in this complex process, obesity associated anthropometric and humoral biomarkers were measured. Methods: Seventy-nine healthy, lifelong nonsmoking subjects were recruited. Habitual physical activity was measured using accelerometry. Arterial stiffness [augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV)] was measured using tonometry. Body composition was estimated using bioimpedence. Adipose associated biomarkers, leptin and adiponectin, were also measured. Results: Sedentary time was significantly associated with AIx (r = 0.38, P < .001), PWV (r = 0.33, P < .01), body fat composition (r = 0.40, P < .001) and age (r = 0.30, P < .01). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was inversely correlated with AIx (r = -0.28, P < .05), body fat composition (r = -0.30, P < .01), postprandial insulin (r = -0.35, P < .01), and leptin/adiponectin ratio (r = -0.28, P < .05). MVPA, body fat composition, and postprandial insulin remained independent predictors of AIx but not PWV. Conclusion: The more time healthy individuals spend being sedentary, the greater their body fat and arterial stiffness. Conversely higher activity levels are associated with reduced body fat and less arterial stiffness.
MeSH term(s)	Accelerometry ; Adiponectin ; Adiposity/physiology ; Adult ; Arteries/physiopathology ; Body Composition ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Sedentary Lifestyle ; Vascular Stiffness/physiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	ADIPOQ protein, human ; Adiponectin ; Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1543-5474
ISSN (online)	1543-5474
DOI	10.1123/jpah.2014-0395
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Cardiac output is not related to the slowed O2 uptake kinetics in type 2 diabetes.

Mac Ananey, Oscar / Malone, John / Warmington, Stuart / O'Shea, Donal / Green, Simon / Egaña, Mikel

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

2011 Volume 43, Issue 6, Page(s) 935–942

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether cardiac output (CO) responses were related to VO2 kinetics during cycling in type 2 diabetes.: Methods: A total of 9 middle-aged women with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes, 9 nondiabetic overweight women, ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether cardiac output (CO) responses were related to VO2 kinetics during cycling in type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 9 middle-aged women with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes, 9 nondiabetic overweight women, and 11 nondiabetic lean women were recruited. Initially, the ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak VO2 were determined during a maximal graded test. Then, on two separate days, subjects completed three 7-min bouts of constant-load cycling at each of three intensities: 50% VT, 80% VT, and midpoint between VT and peak VO2 (50% Δ). CO (inert gas rebreathing) was recorded at 30 and 240 s of an additional bout at each intensity. VO2 kinetic parameters were determined by fitting a biexponential (50% VT and 80% VT) or triexponential (50% Δ) function to the VO2 data. Results: Peak VO2 was significantly lower in type 2 diabetes compared with the two nondiabetic groups (P < 0.05). The time constant of phase 2 was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in type 2 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic heavy and lean groups at 50% VT (34.2 ± 15.7 vs 15.4 ± 7.3 and 20.2 ± 9.7 s) and 80% VT (39.1 ± 9.0 vs 24.8 ± 8.8 and 36.8 ± 7.9 s), but none of the VO2 kinetic parameters were different at 50% Δ. CO responses during exercise were not different among the three groups, and at 80% VT, the change in CO from 30 to 240 s was significantly larger in type 2 diabetes compared with the two nondiabetic groups. Conclusions: The results confirm that type 2 diabetes slows the dynamic response of VO2 during light and moderate relative intensity exercise in females but that this occurs in the absence of any slowing of the CO response during the initial period of exercise.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiac Output/physiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Physical Exertion/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603994-7
ISSN	1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
ISSN (online)	1530-0315
ISSN	0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
DOI	10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182061cdb
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Zs.A 869: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Dietary quality in a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ireland; a cross-sectional case control study.

Murray, Alison E / McMorrow, Aoibheann M / O'Connor, Eamonn / Kiely, Catherine / Mac Ananey, Oscar / O'Shea, Donal / Egaña, Mikel / Lithander, Fiona E

Nutrition journal

2013 Volume 12, Page(s) 110

Abstract: Background: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours and their association with health ... ...

Abstract	Background: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours and their association with health and disease. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary quality of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a variety of validated DQIs. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of 111 Caucasian adults, 65 cases with T2DM were recruited from the Diabetes Day Care Services of St. Columcille's and St. Vincent's Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland. Forty-six controls did not have T2DM and were recruited from the general population. Data from 3-day estimated diet diaries were used to calculate 4 DQIs. Results: Participants with T2DM had a significantly lower score for consumption of a Mediterranean dietary pattern compared to the control group, measured using the Mediterranean Diet Score (Range 0-9) and the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (Range 0-9) (mean ± SD) (3.4 ± 1.3 vs 4.8 ± 1.8, P < 0.001 and 3.3 ± 1.5 vs 4.2 ± 1.8, P = 0.02 respectively). Participants with T2DM also had lower dietary quality than the control population as assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (Range 0-9) (T2DM; 2.6 ± 2.3, control; 3.3 ± 1.1, P = 0.001). No differences between the two groups were found when dietary quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index. Micronutrient intake was assessed using the Micronutrient Adequacy Score (Range 0-8) and participants with T2DM had a significantly lower score than the control group (T2DM; 1.6 ± 1.4, control; 2.3 ± 1.4, P = 0.009). When individual nutrient intakes were assessed, no significant differences were observed in macronutrient intake. Conclusion: Overall, these findings demonstrate that T2DM was associated with a lower score when dietary quality was assessed using a number of validated indices.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy ; Diet Records ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Energy Intake ; Fasting ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Food Quality ; Humans ; Ireland ; Male ; Micronutrients/administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Assessment ; Triglycerides/blood
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Micronutrients ; Triglycerides
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1475-2891
ISSN (online)	1475-2891
DOI	10.1186/1475-2891-12-110
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Article: Dietary quality in a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ireland; a cross-sectional case control study

Murray, Alison E / McMorrow, Aoibheann M / O’Connor, Eamonn / Kiely, Catherine / Mac Ananey, Oscar / O’Shea, Donal / Egaña, Mikel / Lithander, Fiona E

Nutrition Journal. 2013 Dec., v. 12, no. 1

2013

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours and their association with health and ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours and their association with health and disease. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary quality of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a variety of validated DQIs. METHODS: In this cross-sectional analysis of 111 Caucasian adults, 65 cases with T2DM were recruited from the Diabetes Day Care Services of St. Columcille’s and St. Vincent’s Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland. Forty-six controls did not have T2DM and were recruited from the general population. Data from 3-day estimated diet diaries were used to calculate 4 DQIs. RESULTS: Participants with T2DM had a significantly lower score for consumption of a Mediterranean dietary pattern compared to the control group, measured using the Mediterranean Diet Score (Range 0–9) and the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (Range 0–9) (mean ± SD) (3.4 ± 1.3 vs 4.8 ± 1.8, P < 0.001 and 3.3 ± 1.5 vs 4.2 ± 1.8, P = 0.02 respectively). Participants with T2DM also had lower dietary quality than the control population as assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (Range 0–9) (T2DM; 2.6 ± 2.3, control; 3.3 ± 1.1, P = 0.001). No differences between the two groups were found when dietary quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index. Micronutrient intake was assessed using the Micronutrient Adequacy Score (Range 0–8) and participants with T2DM had a significantly lower score than the control group (T2DM; 1.6 ± 1.4, control; 2.3 ± 1.4, P = 0.009). When individual nutrient intakes were assessed, no significant differences were observed in macronutrient intake. CONCLUSION: Overall, these findings demonstrate that T2DM was associated with a lower score when dietary quality was assessed using a number of validated indices.
Keywords	Mediterranean diet ; adults ; case-control studies ; diet study techniques ; eating habits ; healthy diet ; hospitals ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; nutrient intake ; Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-12
Size	p. 694.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2091602-4
ISSN	1475-2891
ISSN	1475-2891
DOI	10.1186/1475-2891-12-110
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effect of type 2 diabetes on the dynamic response characteristics of leg vascular conductance during exercise.

MacAnaney, Oscar / Reilly, Heather / O'Shea, Donal / Egaña, Mikel / Green, Simon

Diabetes & vascular disease research

2011 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 12–21

Abstract: In this study we tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes impairs the dynamic response of leg vascular conductance (LVC) during exercise. LVC (leg blood flow/mean arterial pressure) responses were studied during intermittent contractions of the calf ... ...

Abstract	In this study we tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes impairs the dynamic response of leg vascular conductance (LVC) during exercise. LVC (leg blood flow/mean arterial pressure) responses were studied during intermittent contractions of the calf muscle in subjects with type 2 diabetes (n = 9), heavy controls (n = 10) and lean controls (n = 8) using a biexponential function and an estimate of the mean response time (MRT). The time constant of the second phase of LVC was significantly greater in type 2 diabetes (66.4 ± 29.2 s) than the heavy (22.2 ± 13.4 s) and lean (21.8 ± 9.3 s) controls, resulting in a significantly greater MRT in the diabetic group (median [IQR] = 30.7 [24.6-46.5] s versus 16.3 [4.3-23.2] s and 18.4 [13.7-19.3] s). These data support the hypothesis and suggest that a slowed hyperaemic response in the exercising limb might contribute to exercise intolerance in diabetic subjects.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Leg/blood supply ; Middle Aged ; Regional Blood Flow
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2250793-0
ISSN	1752-8984 ; 1479-1641
ISSN (online)	1752-8984
ISSN	1479-1641
DOI	10.1177/1479164110389625
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Article: Gymnasium-based unsupervised exercise maintains benefits in oxygen uptake kinetics obtained following supervised training in type 2 diabetes

MacAnaney, Oscar / Donal OâShea / Mikel EgaÃ±a / Simon Green / Stuart A. Warmington

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2012 May 7, v. 37, no. 4

2012

Abstract: Supervised exercise (SE) in patients with type 2 diabetes improves oxygen uptake kinetics at the onset of exercise. Maintenance of these improvements, however, has not been examined when supervision is removed. We explored if potential improvements in ... ...

Abstract	Supervised exercise (SE) in patients with type 2 diabetes improves oxygen uptake kinetics at the onset of exercise. Maintenance of these improvements, however, has not been examined when supervision is removed. We explored if potential improvements in oxygen uptake kinetics following a 12-week SE that combined aerobic and resistance training were maintained after a subsequent 12-week unsupervised exercise (UE). The involvement of cardiac output (CO) in these improvements was also tested. Nineteen volunteers with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Oxygen uptake kinetics and CO (inert gas rebreathing) responses to constant-load cycling at 50% ventilatory threshold (VT), 80% VT, and mid-point between VT and peak workload (50% Î) were examined at baseline (on 2 occasions) and following each 12-week training period. Participants decided to exercise at a local gymnasium during the UE. Thirteen subjects completed all the interventions. The time constant of phase 2 of oxygen uptake was significantly faster (pÂ < 0.05) post-SE and post-UE compared with baseline at 50% VT (17.3Â Â± 10.7Â s and 17.5Â Â± 5.9Â s vs. 29.9Â Â± 10.7Â s), 80% VT (18.9Â Â± 4.7 and 20.9Â Â± 8.4 vs. 34.3Â Â± 12.7s), and 50% Î (20.4Â Â± 8.2Â s and 20.2Â Â± 6.0Â s vs. 27.6Â Â± 3.7Â s). SE also induced faster heart rate kinetics at all 3 intensities and a larger increase in CO at 30Â s in relation to 240Â s at 80% VT; and these responses were maintained post-UE. Unsupervised exercise maintained benefits in oxygen uptake kinetics obtained during a supervised exercise in subjects with diabetes, and these benefits were associated with a faster dynamic response of heart rate after training.
Keywords	cardiac output ; heart rate ; metabolism ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; nutrition ; oxygen ; patients ; strength training ; volunteers
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-0507
Size	p. 599-609.
Publishing place	NRC Research Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2236708-1
ISSN	1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
ISSN (online)	1715-5320
ISSN	1715-5312
DOI	10.1139/h2012-012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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