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Article ; Online: Compassionate Use of Remdesivir in Covid-19. Reply.

Grein, Jonathan / Myers, Robert P / Brainard, Diana

2020 Volume 382, Issue 25, Page(s) e101

MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/analogs & derivatives ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Compassionate Use Trials ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; remdesivir (3QKI37EEHE) ; Adenosine Monophosphate (415SHH325A) ; Alanine (OF5P57N2ZX)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	207154-x
ISSN	1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
ISSN (online)	1533-4406
ISSN	0028-4793
DOI	10.1056/NEJMc2015312
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Article ; Online: New Developments in the Prevention of Gastrointestinal Scope-Related Infections.

Grein, Jonathan D / Murthy, Rekha K

Infectious disease clinics of North America

2018 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 899–913

Abstract: Gastrointestinal endoscopes are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and are the most common medical device implicated in health care-associated outbreaks. Infections can be divided into endogenous or exogenous. Exogenous infections were ... ...

Abstract	Gastrointestinal endoscopes are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and are the most common medical device implicated in health care-associated outbreaks. Infections can be divided into endogenous or exogenous. Exogenous infections were associated with lapses in reprocessing. Recent outbreaks have occurred despite compliance with reprocessing guidelines and highlight the challenges with clearance of all organisms from the duodenoscopes and the potential role of biofilms in hindering adequate reprocessing. This review provides an overview of recent developments and the current understanding of the key contributing factors related to gastrointestinal endoscope-related infections and current approaches to identify and prevent these complications.
MeSH term(s)	Bacterial Infections/etiology ; Bacterial Infections/prevention & control ; Disinfection ; Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal/microbiology ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/adverse effects ; Humans ; Virus Diseases/etiology ; Virus Diseases/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1077676-x
ISSN	1557-9824 ; 0891-5520
ISSN (online)	1557-9824
ISSN	0891-5520
DOI	10.1016/j.idc.2018.06.008
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Article: Compassionate Use of Remdesivir in Covid-19. Reply

Grein, Jonathan / Myers, Robert P / Brainard, Diana

N Engl J Med

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32412709
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: A Roadmap to Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Principles in Long-term Care Facilities (LTCFs): Collaboration Between an Acute-Care Hospital and LTCFs.

Kullar, Ravina / Yang, Haoshu / Grein, Jonathan / Murthy, Rekha

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2018 Volume 66, Issue 8, Page(s) 1304–1312

Abstract: Effective 28 November 2017, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) mandated long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to have antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in place. Although guidance exists for establishing ASPs in LTCFs, limited data ... ...

Abstract	Effective 28 November 2017, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) mandated long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to have antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in place. Although guidance exists for establishing ASPs in LTCFs, limited data exist on the "how." As comprehensive ASPs already exist in many acute-care hospitals (ACHs) and with the known "sharing of patients" between both settings, extending ACH ASP expertise to LTCFs will not only aid LTCFs in complying with the CMS mandate but will likely also facilitate in decreasing multidrug-resistant organisms and Clostridium difficile infection rates in patients at both organizations. Here, we provide a roadmap on how to implement ASPs in LTCFs, using examples from our own ACH's collaboration with local LTCFs to develop and sustain LTCF ASPs. We discuss critical elements to achieving successful LTCF ASPs, including the potential barriers and how to overcome them.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Antimicrobial Stewardship ; Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (U.S.) ; Clostridium Infections/drug therapy ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Intersectoral Collaboration ; Long-Term Care ; Skilled Nursing Facilities ; United States
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/cix1041
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Article ; Online: Assessing past versus present severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: A survey of criteria for discontinuing precautions in asymptomatic patients testing positive on admission.

Gohil, Shruti K / De St Maurice, Annabelle / Yokoe, Deborah S / Cohen, Stuart H / Torriani, Francesca J / Grein, Jonathan D / Robinson, Philip A / Mabalot, Shannon / Park, Jessica / Pedrani, Paula / Platt, Richard / Huang, Susan S

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2023 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 237–240

Abstract: Infection prevention program leaders report frequent use of criteria to distinguish recently recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases from actively infectious cases when incidentally positive asymptomatic patients were identified on routine ... ...

Abstract	Infection prevention program leaders report frequent use of criteria to distinguish recently recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases from actively infectious cases when incidentally positive asymptomatic patients were identified on routine severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Guidance on appropriate interpretation of high-sensitivity molecular tests can prevent harm from unnecessary precautions that delay admission and impede medical care.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Testing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.147
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Article ; Online: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection prevention practices that exceed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidance: Balancing extra caution against impediments to care.

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 12, Page(s) 2074–2077

Abstract: In a survey of infection prevention programs, leaders reported frequent clinical and infection prevention practice modifications to avoid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure that exceeded national guidance. Future pandemic responses should ... ...

Abstract	In a survey of infection prevention programs, leaders reported frequent clinical and infection prevention practice modifications to avoid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure that exceeded national guidance. Future pandemic responses should emphasize balanced approaches to precautions, prioritize educational campaigns to manage safety concerns, and generate an evidence-base that can guide appropriate infection prevention practices.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.89
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Article ; Online: Characterizing the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and assessing the impact of a nursing-focused CLABSI reduction intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Ben-Aderet, Michael A / Madhusudhan, Meghan S / Haroun, Pishoy / Almario, Matthew J P / Raypon, Ryan / Fawcett, Sharon / Johnson, Julie / Girard, Anita / Griner, Todd / Sheffield, Lorraine / Grein, Jonathan D

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2022 Volume 44, Issue 7, Page(s) 1108–1115

Abstract: Objective: To examine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on CLABSI rate and characterize the patients who developed a CLABSI. We also examined the impact of a CLABSI-reduction quality-improvement project in patients with and without COVID-19.: Design!# ...

Abstract	Objective: To examine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on CLABSI rate and characterize the patients who developed a CLABSI. We also examined the impact of a CLABSI-reduction quality-improvement project in patients with and without COVID-19. Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Setting: Academic 889-bed tertiary-care teaching hospital in urban Los Angeles. Patients or participants: Inpatients 18 years and older with CLABSI as defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). Intervention(s): CLABSI rate and patient characteristics were analyzed for 2 cohorts during the pandemic era (March 2020-August 2021): COVID-19 CLABSI patients and non-COVID-19 CLABSI patients, based on diagnosis of COVID-19 during admission. Secondary analyses were non-COVID-19 CLABSI rate versus a historical control period (2019), ICU CLABSI rate in COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 patients, and CLABSI rates before and after a quality- improvement initiative. Results: The rate of COVID-19 CLABSI was significantly higher than non-COVID-19 CLABSI. We did not detect a difference between the non-COVID-19 CLABSI rate and the historical control. COVID-19 CLABSIs occurred predominantly in the ICU, and the ICU COVID-19 CLABSI rate was significantly higher than the ICU non-COVID-19 CLABSI rate. A hospital-wide quality-improvement initiative reduced the rate of non-COVID-19 CLABSI but not COVID-19 CLABSI. Conclusions: Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 have a significantly higher CLABSI rate, particularly in the ICU setting. Reasons for this increase are likely multifactorial, including both patient-specific and process-related issues. Focused quality-improvement efforts were effective in reducing CLABSI rates in non-COVID-19 patients but were less effective in COVID-19 patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Catheter-Related Infections/epidemiology ; Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Sepsis/epidemiology ; Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2022.203
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Article ; Online: A novel intervention: Implementation of a neutropenic infection-prevention bundle and audit tool in an oncology unit.

Evashwick, Ellen / Ben-Aderet, Michael A / Almario, Mathew Jp / Madhusudhan, Meghan S / Raypon, Ryan / Rome, Sandra / Desvignes, Kimako / Jessup, Jenny / Fawcett, Sharon / Grein, Jonathan D

American journal of infection control

2021 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 454–458

Abstract: Infectious complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Specific infection control practices targeting this patient population are widely endorsed, but little guidance exists on how ... ...

Abstract	Infectious complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Specific infection control practices targeting this patient population are widely endorsed, but little guidance exists on how to implement and monitor compliance with these practices. At our institution, we increased compliance with infection control measures by using a bundled neutropenic precaution (NP) audit and feedback tool.
MeSH term(s)	Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Health Facilities ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Neutropenia/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2021.11.008
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Article ; Online: Contributions of the Regional Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Centers to the US COVID-19 Pandemic Response.

Grein, Jonathan D / Garland, Jennifer A / Arguinchona, Christa / Frank, Maria G / Garibaldi, Brian T / Grindle, Amanda / Hewlett, Angela / Kline, Susan / Levine, Corri B / Mehta, Aneesh / Mukherjee, Vikramjit / Sauer, Lauren M / Searle, Eileen F / Vanairsdale, Sharon / Vasa, Angela

Health security

2022 Volume 20, Issue S1, Page(s) S4–S12

Abstract: The National Emerging Special Pathogens Training and Education Center (NETEC) was established in 2015 to improve the capabilities of healthcare facilities to provide safe and effective care to patients with Ebola and other special pathogens in the United ...

Abstract	The National Emerging Special Pathogens Training and Education Center (NETEC) was established in 2015 to improve the capabilities of healthcare facilities to provide safe and effective care to patients with Ebola and other special pathogens in the United States. Through NETEC, a collaborative network of 10 Regional Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Centers (RESPTCs) undertook readiness activities that included potential respiratory pathogens. These preparations, which took place before the COVID-19 pandemic, established a foundation of readiness that enabled RESPTCs to play a pivotal role in the US COVID-19 pandemic response. As initial COVID-19 cases were detected in the United States, RESPTCs provided essential isolation capacity, supplies, and subject matter expertise that allowed for additional time for healthcare systems to prepare. Through the Special Pathogen Research Network, RESPTCs rapidly enrolled patients into early clinical trials. During periods of high community transmission, RESPTCs provided educational, clinical, and logistical support to a wide range of healthcare and nonhealthcare settings. In this article, we describe how NETEC and the RESPTC network leveraged this foundation of special pathogen readiness to strengthen the national healthcare system's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. NETEC and the RESPTC network have proven to be an effective model that can support the national response to future emerging special pathogens.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Patient Isolation ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2823049-8
ISSN	2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
ISSN (online)	2326-5108
ISSN	2326-5094
DOI	10.1089/hs.2021.0188
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Article ; Online: Developing a Rapid Response Single IRB Model for Conducting Research During a Public Health Emergency.

Lowe, Abigail E / Kraft, Colleen / Kortepeter, Mark G / Hansen, Keith F / Sanger, Kristine / Johnson, Ann / Grein, Jonathan D / Martin, Julie / Rousselle, Rebecca / Garland, Jennifer A / Spotts, Jessica / Lowe, John J / Sauer, Lauren M / Kratochvil, Christopher J / Gordon, Bruce G

Health security

2022 Volume 20, Issue S1, Page(s) S60–S70

Abstract: Research is foundational for evidence-based management of patients. Clinical research, however, takes time to plan, conduct, and disseminate-a luxury that is rarely available during a public health emergency. The University of Nebraska Medical Center ( ... ...

Abstract	Research is foundational for evidence-based management of patients. Clinical research, however, takes time to plan, conduct, and disseminate-a luxury that is rarely available during a public health emergency. The University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) developed a single institutional review board (IRB), with a vision to establish a rapid review resource for a network focused on clinical research of emerging pathogens in the United States. A core aspect of successful initiation of research during a pandemic or epidemic is the ability to operationalize an approach for rapid ethical review of human subject research and conduct those reviews at multiple sites-without losing any of the substantive aspects of ethics review. This process must be cultivated in anticipation of a public health emergency. US guidance for operationalizing IRB review for multisite research in a public health emergency is not well studied and processes are not well established. UNMC sought to address operational gaps and identify the unique procedural needs of rapid response single IRB (RR-sIRB) review of multisite research by conducting a series of preparedness exercises to develop and test the RR-sIRB model. For decades, emergency responder, healthcare, and public health organizations have conducted emergency preparedness exercises to test requirements for emergency response. In this article, we describe 2 types of simulation exercises conducted by UNMC: workshops and tabletops. This effort represents a unique use of emergency preparedness exercises to develop, refine, and test rapid review functions for an sIRB and to validate readiness of regulatory research processes. Such processes are crucial for conducting rapid, ethical, and sound clinical research in public health emergencies.
MeSH term(s)	Civil Defense ; Emergency Responders ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Public Health ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2823049-8
ISSN	2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
ISSN (online)	2326-5108
ISSN	2326-5094
DOI	10.1089/hs.2021.0181
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