LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 28

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Correlates of the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania: A cross-sectional study.

    Nyundo, Azan A

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e0285761

    Abstract: Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral ... ...

    Abstract Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in HIV care.
    Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 397 participants attending cared for and treatment at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital (DRRH) and selected by systematic sampling. The combination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), and The Lawton Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) were used to assess HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Factors associated with HAND were determined using univariate and multivariable logistic regression.
    Results: Of 397 participants, 234(59.1%) met the criteria for HAND with 231(58.2%) comprising asymptomatic neurocognitive disorder (ANI) or mild neurocognitive disorders (MND), and 3 (0.76%) HIV- associated dementia (HAD). Participants with HAND had significantly poorer performance in each cognitive domain on both MoCA and IHDS. Under multivariable regression, age of 55 years or above with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.5 (95%CI: 1.1, 11.6), p = 0.041 and female gender (AOR): 2.7 (95%CI: 1, 6, 4.5), p<0.001 were significantly associated with HAND. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy AOR: 0.4(95%CI: 0.2, 1.0), p = 0.044, and attaining primary education AOR: 0.3(95%CI: 0.1, 0.8), p = 0.01 or secondary education AOR: 0.1(95%CI: 0.03, 0.2), p<0.001 compared to having no formal education showed good cognitive performance.
    Conclusion: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are common in HIV, especially ANI and MND, are common in HIV infected Tanzanians. Both socio-demographic and clinical variables influence neurocognitive functioning in this population. Screening for mild neurocognitive disorders may be indicated if effective treatment becomes available.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prevalence ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; AIDS Dementia Complex/diagnosis ; Neurocognitive Disorders/epidemiology ; Neurocognitive Disorders/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0285761
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Neurocognitive decline as a major predictor of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania.

    Nyundo, Azan A

    Health science reports

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) e669

    Abstract: Background: The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome largely depends on good adherence to antiretroviral medications. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorders (MDDs) ... ...

    Abstract Background: The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome largely depends on good adherence to antiretroviral medications. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorders (MDDs) and neurocognitive disorders, in particular, are common in the HIV population and attributed to suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral treatment and overall poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between neurocognitive disorders and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Dodoma region's adult population living with HIV.
    Methods: The study was conducted in Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital using a cross-sectional design to assess 397 participants through a systematic sampling approach. Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to determine neurocognitive function, while the Simplified Medical Adherence Questionnaire was used to assess nonadherence to ART. Logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the association between cognitive decline and nonadherence to ART while controlling for sociodemographic and clinical confounders.
    Results: Out of the 397 recruited participants, 266 (67.00%) and 41 (10.33%) met the criteria for neurocognitive decline and nonadherence to ART. Participants with cognitive impairment had a significantly poorer adherence rate than those without, even after controlling for confounders adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.183 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.031, 4.630,
    Conclusion: Neurocognitive disorders are strong predictor of suboptimal adherence to ART; a comorbid neuropsychiatric condition such as MDD may further compromise the ART adherence rate leading to poor HIV care and poor clinical outcome. Further research with systematic and more robust studies in the field will provide a baseline to design and integrate appropriate care models to maximize ART adherence in HIV care. Integration of psychiatric services in HIV care can benefit the overall patient outcome.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2398-8835
    ISSN (online) 2398-8835
    DOI 10.1002/hsr2.669
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Correlates of the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania

    Azan A Nyundo

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 5, p e

    A cross-sectional study.

    2023  Volume 0285761

    Abstract: Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral ... ...

    Abstract Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in HIV care. Methods This cross-sectional study examined 397 participants attending cared for and treatment at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital (DRRH) and selected by systematic sampling. The combination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), and The Lawton Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) were used to assess HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Factors associated with HAND were determined using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results Of 397 participants, 234(59.1%) met the criteria for HAND with 231(58.2%) comprising asymptomatic neurocognitive disorder (ANI) or mild neurocognitive disorders (MND), and 3 (0.76%) HIV- associated dementia (HAD). Participants with HAND had significantly poorer performance in each cognitive domain on both MoCA and IHDS. Under multivariable regression, age of 55 years or above with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.5 (95%CI: 1.1, 11.6), p = 0.041 and female gender (AOR): 2.7 (95%CI: 1, 6, 4.5), p<0.001 were significantly associated with HAND. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy AOR: 0.4(95%CI: 0.2, 1.0), p = 0.044, and attaining primary education AOR: 0.3(95%CI: 0.1, 0.8), p = 0.01 or secondary education AOR: 0.1(95%CI: 0.03, 0.2), p<0.001 compared to having no formal education showed good cognitive performance. Conclusion HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are common in HIV, especially ANI and MND, are common in HIV infected Tanzanians. Both socio-demographic and clinical variables influence neurocognitive functioning in this population. Screening for mild neurocognitive disorders may be indicated if effective treatment becomes available.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Correlates of the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania

    Azan A. Nyundo

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

    A cross-sectional study

    2023  Volume 5

    Abstract: Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral ... ...

    Abstract Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in HIV care. Methods This cross-sectional study examined 397 participants attending cared for and treatment at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital (DRRH) and selected by systematic sampling. The combination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), and The Lawton Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) were used to assess HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Factors associated with HAND were determined using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results Of 397 participants, 234(59.1%) met the criteria for HAND with 231(58.2%) comprising asymptomatic neurocognitive disorder (ANI) or mild neurocognitive disorders (MND), and 3 (0.76%) HIV- associated dementia (HAD). Participants with HAND had significantly poorer performance in each cognitive domain on both MoCA and IHDS. Under multivariable regression, age of 55 years or above with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.5 (95%CI: 1.1, 11.6), p = 0.041 and female gender (AOR): 2.7 (95%CI: 1, 6, 4.5), p<0.001 were significantly associated with HAND. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy AOR: 0.4(95%CI: 0.2, 1.0), p = 0.044, and attaining primary education AOR: 0.3(95%CI: 0.1, 0.8), p = 0.01 or secondary education AOR: 0.1(95%CI: 0.03, 0.2), p<0.001 compared to having no formal education showed good cognitive performance. Conclusion HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are common in HIV, especially ANI and MND, are common in HIV infected Tanzanians. Both socio-demographic and clinical variables influence neurocognitive functioning in this population. Screening for mild neurocognitive disorders may be indicated if effective treatment becomes available.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Incidence and predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment among patients admitted with first stroke at tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: A prospective cohort study.

    Alphonce, Baraka / Meda, John / Nyundo, Azan

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0287952

    Abstract: Introduction: Stroke survivors develop cognitive impairment, which significantly impacts their quality of life, their families, and the community as a whole but not given attention. This study aims to determine the incidence and predictors of post- ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Stroke survivors develop cognitive impairment, which significantly impacts their quality of life, their families, and the community as a whole but not given attention. This study aims to determine the incidence and predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) among adult stroke patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Dodoma, Tanzania.
    Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted at tertiary hospitals in the Dodoma region, central Tanzania. A sample size of 158 participants with the first stroke confirmed by CT/MRI brain aged ≥ 18 years met the criteria. At baseline, social-demographic, cardiovascular risks and stroke characteristics were acquired, and then at 30 days, participants were evaluated for cognitive functioning using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Key confounders for cognitive impairment, such as depression and apathy, were evaluated using the Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data; continuous data were reported as Mean (SD) or Median (IQR), and categorical data were summarised using proportions and frequencies. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of PSCI.
    Results: The median age of the 158 participants was 58.7 years; 57.6% of them were female, and 80.4% of them met the required criteria for post-stroke cognitive impairment. After multivariable logistic regression, left hemisphere stroke (AOR: 5.798, CI: 1.030-32.623, p = 0.046), a unit cm3 increase in infarct volume (AOR: 1.064, 95% CI: 1.018-1.113, p = 0.007), and apathy symptoms (AOR: 12.259, CI: 1.112-89.173, p = 0.041) had a significant association with PSCI.
    Conclusion: The study revealed a significant prevalence of PSCI; early intervention targeting stroke survivors at risk may improve their outcomes. Future research in the field will serve to dictate policies and initiatives.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Prospective Studies ; Incidence ; Quality of Life ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287952
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Neurocognitive decline as a major predictor of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania

    Azan A. Nyundo

    Health Science Reports, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Abstract Background The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome largely depends on good adherence to antiretroviral medications. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorders ( ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome largely depends on good adherence to antiretroviral medications. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorders (MDDs) and neurocognitive disorders, in particular, are common in the HIV population and attributed to suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral treatment and overall poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between neurocognitive disorders and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Dodoma region's adult population living with HIV. Methods The study was conducted in Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital using a cross‐sectional design to assess 397 participants through a systematic sampling approach. Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to determine neurocognitive function, while the Simplified Medical Adherence Questionnaire was used to assess nonadherence to ART. Logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the association between cognitive decline and nonadherence to ART while controlling for sociodemographic and clinical confounders. Results Out of the 397 recruited participants, 266 (67.00%) and 41 (10.33%) met the criteria for neurocognitive decline and nonadherence to ART. Participants with cognitive impairment had a significantly poorer adherence rate than those without, even after controlling for confounders adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.183 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.031, 4.630, p = 0.0413). MDD was the only additional factor that remained significantly associated with ART nonadherence (aOR: 4.332, 95% CI: 1.634, 11.485, p = 0.0032). Conclusion Neurocognitive disorders are strong predictor of suboptimal adherence to ART; a comorbid neuropsychiatric condition such as MDD may further compromise the ART adherence rate leading to poor HIV care and poor clinical outcome. Further research with systematic and more robust studies in the field will provide a baseline to design and integrate appropriate care ...
    Keywords ART nonadherence ; HIV/AIDS ; neurocognitive decline ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 700
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment at three-month following first episode of stroke among patients attended at tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, central Tanzania: A protocol of a prospective longitudinal observational study metadata.

    Baraka, Alphonce / Meda, John / Nyundo, Azan

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e0273200

    Abstract: Introduction: Neurocognitive deficits after stroke are a common manifestation and pose a significant impact on the quality of life for patients and families; however, little attention is given to the burden and associated impact of cognitive impairment ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Neurocognitive deficits after stroke are a common manifestation and pose a significant impact on the quality of life for patients and families; however, little attention is given to the burden and associated impact of cognitive impairment following stroke. The study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) among adult stroke patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania.
    Methodology: A prospective longitudinal study is conducted at tertiary hospitals in the Dodoma region, central Tanzania. Participants with the first stroke confirmed by CT/MRI brain aged ≥ 18 years who meet the inclusion criteria are enrolled and followed up. Baseline socio-demographic and clinical factors are identified during admission, while other clinical variables are determined during the three-month follow-up period. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize data; continuous data will be reported as Mean (SD) or Median (IQR), and categorical data will be summarized using proportions and frequencies. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis will be used to determine predictors of PSCI.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Longitudinal Studies ; Metadata ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Observational Studies as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0273200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Cognitive Impairment and the Associated Factors Among Older People in Rural Central Tanzania.

    Masika, Golden M / Nyundo, Azan / Msisiri, Laidi

    Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 100–106

    Abstract: Aim: This study examined the profile of cognitive impairment and associated factors among older people in rural central Tanzania.: Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 462 community-dwelling older adults. We performed cognitive, ... ...

    Abstract Aim: This study examined the profile of cognitive impairment and associated factors among older people in rural central Tanzania.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 462 community-dwelling older adults. We performed cognitive, psychosocial, and clinical assessments and face-to-face interviews with all older adults. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the participant's cognitive performance and the associated factors.
    Results: The mean cognitive score on the Identification and Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans cognitive test was 11.04 (SD=2.89). Per the proposed cut-off scores to define probable and possible dementia, 13.2% of the population had probable dementia and another 13.9% had possible dementia. Increase in age was associated with poor cognitive performance (β=-0.076, 95% CI=-0.109 to -0.043, P<0.001); whereas male sex (β=0.989, 95% CI=0.333 to 1.645, P=0.003), higher educational attainment (β=2.575, 95% CI=0.557 to 4.594, P=0.013) and performance in instrumental activities of daily living (β=0.552, 95% CI=0.376 to 0.729, P<0.001) were associated with higher cognitive performance.
    Discussion: Older people in rural settings of central Tanzania have poor cognitive functions and are at high risk of further cognitive decline. Preventive and therapeutic programs for the affected older people are warranted to prevent further decline and maintain quality of life.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Dementia/psychology ; Activities of Daily Living ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1002700-2
    ISSN 1546-4156 ; 0893-0341
    ISSN (online) 1546-4156
    ISSN 0893-0341
    DOI 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000543
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article: Delusional Infestation: A case of Ekbom syndrome in an elderly woman with a long history of HIV.

    Mandari, Sadiki / Aslan, Suluma / Deodatus, Shani / Nyundo, Azan

    Clinical case reports

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e7044

    Abstract: A 70-year-old female presented with a long history of HIV and 5 years of disturbing delusions of infestation that impaired her daily functioning. The delusions resolved with haloperidol but were followed by depressive symptoms. The case presents the ... ...

    Abstract A 70-year-old female presented with a long history of HIV and 5 years of disturbing delusions of infestation that impaired her daily functioning. The delusions resolved with haloperidol but were followed by depressive symptoms. The case presents the complexity of managing neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV/AIDS with comorbidities in old age.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2740234-4
    ISSN 2050-0904
    ISSN 2050-0904
    DOI 10.1002/ccr3.7044
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article: Charles Bonnet syndrome in an elderly blind man with recurrent pituitary macroadenoma and optic nerve atrophy: A case report.

    Aslan, Suluma / Ngajilo, Gloria / Nyundo, Azan

    Clinical case reports

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) e7855

    Abstract: Key clinical message: Charles Bonnet syndrome presents with complex visual hallucinations in a visually impaired or blind person. The case highlights complex neuropsychiatric manifestations due to pituitary macroadenoma in geriatrics requiring multi- ... ...

    Abstract Key clinical message: Charles Bonnet syndrome presents with complex visual hallucinations in a visually impaired or blind person. The case highlights complex neuropsychiatric manifestations due to pituitary macroadenoma in geriatrics requiring multi-collaborative care.
    Abstract: An 81-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of vivid visual hallucinations preceded by visual impairment and recurrence of a pituitary macroadenoma. Remission of hallucination occurred within 2 weeks of 1.5 mg of haloperidol per oral once daily; this is a rare case of Charles Bonnet syndrome after recurrent pituitary macroadenoma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2740234-4
    ISSN 2050-0904
    ISSN 2050-0904
    DOI 10.1002/ccr3.7855
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top