Article ; Online: The risk of common hypoglycemic and antihypertensive medications and COVID-19: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.
2024 Volume 103, Issue 6, Page(s) e36423
Abstract: Background: It has been reported that diabetes and hypertension increase the adverse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aside from the inherent factors of diabetes and hypertension, it remains unclear whether antidiabetic or ... ...
| Abstract | Background: It has been reported that diabetes and hypertension increase the adverse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aside from the inherent factors of diabetes and hypertension, it remains unclear whether antidiabetic or antihypertensive medications contribute to the increased adverse outcomes of COVID-19. The effect of commonly used antidiabetic and antihypertensive medications on COVID-19 outcomes has been inconsistently concluded in existing observational studies. Conducting a systematic study on the causal relationship between these medications and COVID-19 would be beneficial in guiding their use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We employed the 2-sample Mendelian randomization approach to assess the causal relationship between 5 commonly used antidiabetic medications (SGLT-2 inhibitors, Sulfonylureas, Insulin analogues, Thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 analogues) and 3 commonly used antihypertensive medications (calcium channel blockers [CCB], ACE inhibitors, β-receptor blockers [BB]), and COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severe outcomes. The genetic variations in the drug targets of the 5 antidiabetic medications and 3 antihypertensive medications were utilized as instrumental variables. European population-specific genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) data on COVID-19 from the Host Genetics Initiative meta-analyses were obtained, including COVID-19 susceptibility (n = 2597,856), COVID-19 hospitalization (n = 2095,324), and COVID-19 severity (n = 1086,211). The random-effects inverse variance-weighted estimation method was employed as the primary assessment technique, with various sensitivity analyses conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results: There were no potential associations between the genetic variations in the drug targets of the 5 commonly used antidiabetic medications (SGLT-2 inhibitors, Sulfonylureas, Insulin analogues, Thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 analogues) and the 3 commonly used antihypertensive medications (CCBs, ACE inhibitors, BBs) with COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity (all P > .016). Conclusion: The findings from this comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis suggest that there may be no causal relationship between the 5 commonly used antidiabetic medications (SGLT-2 inhibitors, Sulfonylureas, Insulin analogues, Thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 analogues) and the 3 commonly used antihypertensive medications (CCBs, ACE inhibitors, BBs) with COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects ; Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Sulfonylurea Compounds/adverse effects ; Insulin ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Thiazolidinediones/therapeutic use |
| Chemical Substances | Hypoglycemic Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Sulfonylurea Compounds ; Insulin ; Thiazolidinediones |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-02-09 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 80184-7 |
| ISSN | 1536-5964 ; 0025-7974 |
| ISSN (online) | 1536-5964 |
| ISSN | 0025-7974 |
| DOI | 10.1097/MD.0000000000036423 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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