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  1. Article ; Online: Landscape Aesthetic Value of Waterfront Green Space Based on Space-Psychology-Behavior Dimension: A Case Study along Qiantang River (Hangzhou Section).

    Liu, Xiaojia / Chen, Xi / Huang, Yan / Wang, Weihong / Zhang, Mingkan / Jin, Yang

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 4

    Abstract: As an important part of urban green infrastructure, the landscape effect of the urban waterfront green space varies, and sometimes, the green space with an excellent landscape aesthetic value fails to serve the needs of most citizens. This seriously ... ...

    Abstract As an important part of urban green infrastructure, the landscape effect of the urban waterfront green space varies, and sometimes, the green space with an excellent landscape aesthetic value fails to serve the needs of most citizens. This seriously affects the construction of a green ecological civilization and the implementation of the concept of "common prosperity" in China. Based on multi-source data, this study took the Qiantang River Basin as an example, selected 12 representative waterfront green spaces along the river as the research objects, and used qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to determine the landscape aesthetic value of the research area from the different dimensions of space, psychology, and physiology. We examined the relationship between each dimension so as to objectively and comprehensively reflect the landscape value characteristics of the waterfront green space in the study area and provide a reasonable theoretical framework and practical development path for future urban waterfront green space landscape design. We obtained the following results: (1) The results of the spatial dimension research indicated that the spatial value index of the waterfront green space in the study area was three-dimensional space > vertical space > horizontal space, and the overall spatial value was low; Qianjiang Ecological Park obtained the highest value (0.5473), and Urban Balcony Park obtained the lowest value (0.4619). (2) The results of the psychological dimension indicated that people's perceptions of the waterfront green space in the study area were relatively weak, mainly focusing on visual perception, but the waterfront green space with a relative emotional value greater than one accounted for 75%, and the overall recognition of the landscape was high. (3) The results of the behavioral dimension showed that the overall heat of the waterfront green space in the study area was insufficient (1.3719-7.1583), which was mainly concentrated in low-heat levels, and the population density was unevenly distributed (0.0014-0.0663), which was mainly concentrated in the medium-density level. The main purpose of users was to visit, and they stayed an average of 1.5 h. (4) The results of the coupling coordination analysis of the spatial-psychological-behavioral dimensions showed that the landscape value of the waterfront green space in the study area presented a form of 'high coupling degree and low coordination degree'.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Parks, Recreational ; Rivers ; China ; Spatial Behavior ; Cities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph20043115
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Multizonal modeling of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol dispersion in a virtual office building.

    Shrestha, Prateek / DeGraw, Jason W / Zhang, Mingkan / Liu, Xiaobing

    Building and environment

    2021  Volume 206, Page(s) 108347

    Abstract: The dispersion of indoor airborne contaminants across different zones within a mechanically ventilated building is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple factors. In this study, we modeled the indoor dispersion of airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols within a ... ...

    Abstract The dispersion of indoor airborne contaminants across different zones within a mechanically ventilated building is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple factors. In this study, we modeled the indoor dispersion of airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols within a US Department of Energy detailed medium office prototype building using CONTAM software. The aim of this study is to improve our understanding about how different parts of a building can experience varying concentrations of the airborne viruses under different circumstances of release and mitigation strategies. Results indicate that unventilated stairwells can have significantly higher concentrations of airborne viruses. The mitigation strategies of morning and evening flushing of conditioned zones were not found to be very effective. Instead, a constant high percentage of outdoor air in the supply mix, and the use of masks, portable HEPA air cleaners, MERV 13 or higher HVAC air filters, and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation disinfection were effective strategies to prevent airborne viral contamination in the majority of the simulated office building.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0360-1323
    ISSN 0360-1323
    DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108347
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Dataset of ultralow temperature refrigeration for COVID 19 vaccine distribution solution

    Jian Sun / Mingkan Zhang / Anthony Gehl / Brian Fricke / Kashif Nawaz / Kyle Gluesenkamp / Bo Shen / Jeff Munk / Joe Hagerman / Melissa Lapsa / Nader Awwad / Chris Recipe / Doug Auyer / David Brisson

    Scientific Data, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: Measurement(s) temperature of air • weight of dry ice Technology Type(s) themocouple • scale Sample Characteristic - Environment climate system Sample Characteristic - Location united ... ...

    Abstract Measurement(s) temperature of air • weight of dry ice Technology Type(s) themocouple • scale Sample Characteristic - Environment climate system Sample Characteristic - Location united states
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Multiscale solute transport upscaling for a three-dimensional hierarchical porous medium

    Zhang, Mingkan / Zhang, Ye

    Water resources research

    2015  Volume 51, Issue 3, Page(s) 1688

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 5564-5
    ISSN 0043-1397
    DOI 10.1002/2014WR016202
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  5. Article ; Online: Dataset of ultralow temperature refrigeration for COVID 19 vaccine distribution solution.

    Sun, Jian / Zhang, Mingkan / Gehl, Anthony / Fricke, Brian / Nawaz, Kashif / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Shen, Bo / Munk, Jeff / Hagerman, Joe / Lapsa, Melissa / Awwad, Nader / Recipe, Chris / Auyer, Doug / Brisson, David

    Scientific data

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 67

    Abstract: Most COVID-19 vaccines require temperature control for transportation and storage. Two types of vaccine have been developed by manufacturers (Pfizer and Moderna). Both vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. ... ...

    Abstract Most COVID-19 vaccines require temperature control for transportation and storage. Two types of vaccine have been developed by manufacturers (Pfizer and Moderna). Both vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature storage (-80 °C to -60 °C), while the Moderna vaccine requires -30 °C storage. However, the last stage of distribution is quite challenging, especially for rural or suburban areas, where local towns, pharmacy chains and hospitals may not have the infrastructure required to store the vaccine at the required temperature. In addition, there is limited data available to address ancillary challenges of the distribution framework for both transportation and storage stages, including safety concerns due to human exposure to large amounts of CO
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ice ; Refrigeration ; Temperature
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ice ; Lipid Nanoparticles
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-022-01167-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Ultra-clean condensing gas furnace enabled with acidic gas reduction

    Gao, Zhiming / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Gehl, Anthony / Pihl, Josh / LaClair, Tim / Zhang, Mingkan / Sulejmanovic, Dino / Munk, Jeffrey / Nawaz, Kashif

    Elsevier Ltd Energy. 2022 Mar. 15, v. 243

    2022  

    Abstract: Natural gas furnaces are the most common space heating equipment in the U.S. residential and commercial building markets. However, current residential natural gas condensing furnaces generate substantial acidic condensate as well as significant emissions ...

    Abstract Natural gas furnaces are the most common space heating equipment in the U.S. residential and commercial building markets. However, current residential natural gas condensing furnaces generate substantial acidic condensate as well as significant emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and methane (CH₄) contributing to environmental degradation of air, water, and soil. This paper describes a novel solution to reduce the environmental impact of natural gas condensing furnaces based on the technology of monolithic acidic gas reduction (AGR) catalyst for SOx trapping, NOx redox to nitrogen, and oxidation of formic acid, CO, HC, and CH₄. This technology offers a new condensing natural gas furnace with both ultra-clean flue gas and neutral condensate. A prototype of the condensing gas furnace with the AGR component is demonstrated to have condensate with pH = 7, NOx emissions of 1–2 ng/J, and an annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE) of 96%. The AGR component and the AGR-enabled furnace were tested for long-term reliability and durability, as well as for SOx storage and regeneration activity. In addition, this paper provides new data on measurements of the specific acidic gas content in natural gas condensing furnaces.
    Keywords air ; carbon monoxide ; catalysts ; condensates ; durability ; energy ; environmental degradation ; environmental impact ; equipment ; flue gas ; formic acid ; furnaces ; methane ; natural gas ; nitrogen ; oxidation ; pH ; prototypes ; soil ; sulfur
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0315
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2019804-8
    ISSN 0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
    ISSN (online) 0360-5442
    ISSN 0360-5442
    DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2021.123068
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: COVID 19 vaccine distribution solution to the last mile challenge: Experimental and simulation studies of ultra-low temperature refrigeration system.

    Sun, Jian / Zhang, Mingkan / Gehl, Anthony / Fricke, Brian / Nawaz, Kashif / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Shen, Bo / Munk, Jeff / Hagerman, Joe / Lapsa, Melissa

    Revue internationale du froid

    2021  Volume 133, Page(s) 313–325

    Abstract: Most COVID-19 vaccines require ambient temperature control for transportation and storage. Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature ... ...

    Abstract Most COVID-19 vaccines require ambient temperature control for transportation and storage. Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature storage (between -80 °C and -60 °C), while the Moderna vaccine requires -30 °C storage. Pfizer has designed a reusable package for transportation and storage that can keep the vaccine at the target temperature for 10 days. However, the last stage of distribution is quite challenging, especially for rural or suburban areas, where local towns, pharmacy chains and hospitals may not have the infrastructure required to store the vaccine. Also, the need for a large amount of ultra-low temperature refrigeration equipment in a short time period creates tremendous pressure on the equipment suppliers. In addition, there is limited data available to address ancillary challenges of the distribution framework for both transportation and storage stages. As such, there is a need for a quick, effective, secure, and safe solution to mitigate the challenges faced by vaccine distribution logistics. The study proposes an effective, secure, and safe ultra-low temperature refrigeration solution to resolve the vaccine distribution last mile challenge. The approach is to utilize commercially available products, such as refrigeration container units, and retrofit them to meet the vaccine storage temperature requirement. Both experimental and simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the technical merits of this solution with the ability to control temperature at -30 °C or -70 °C as part of the last mile supply chain for vaccine candidates.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0140-7007
    ISSN 0140-7007
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2021.11.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Computational fluid dynamics simulation of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol dispersion inside a grocery store.

    Zhang, Mingkan / Shrestha, Prateek / Liu, Xiaobing / Turnaoglu, Tugba / DeGraw, Jason / Schafer, Dustin / Love, Nathan

    Building and environment

    2021  Volume 209, Page(s) 108652

    Abstract: Grocery stores provide essential services to communities all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated better understanding of the transport and dynamics of aerosolized viruses, particularly for the assessment of infection transmission risk ... ...

    Abstract Grocery stores provide essential services to communities all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated better understanding of the transport and dynamics of aerosolized viruses, particularly for the assessment of infection transmission risk within grocery stores and for other providers of essential services. In this study, a 3D computational fluid dynamics model was developed for a medium-sized grocery store in the United States using Ansys Fluent software. Different cases were simulated of a single infected person releasing viral aerosols with and without wearing a face mask. Results showed characteristic airflow and temperature distribution patterns inside the store that can drive the indoor dispersal of viral aerosols. Unsteady spatial distribution of mean age of air was used as a metric to indirectly quantify areas of higher risk of infection. Several factors affected the localization of suspended viral aerosols. Major recirculation patterns in certain locations of the store caused by persistent eddies were primarily attributed to increased mean age of air. The maximum mean age of air in the grocery store was found to be less than 30 min. Simulation results indicate that, without wearing a face mask, the aerosol particles released from a coughing infected person can be spread throughout nearly one-quarter of the grocery store in less than 6 min. The source-control strategy with a face mask showed significant reduction of viral aerosols being dispersed indoors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0360-1323
    ISSN 0360-1323
    DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108652
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A numerical analysis of a magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer regenerator

    Mingkan Zhang / Omar Abdelaziz / Ayyoub M. Momen / Ahmad Abu-Heiba

    Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2017  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as ... ...

    Abstract Abstract A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the regenerator. Measured properties data was used. A transient one dimensional (1D) model was employed, in which a unique numerical method was developed to significantly accelerate the simulation speed of the multi-layer AMR system. As a result, the computation speed of a multi-layer AMR case was very close to the single-layer configuration. The performance of the 16-layer AMR system in different frequencies and utilizations has been investigated using this model. To optimize the layer length distribution of the 16-layer MCMs in the regenerator, a set of 137 simulations with different MCM distributions based on the Design of Experiments (DoE) method was conducted and the results were analyzed. The results show that the 16-layer AMR system can operate up to 84% of Carnot cycle COP at a temperature span of 41 K, which cannot be obtained using an AMR with fewer layers. The DoE results indicate that for a 16-layer AMR system, the uniform distribution is very close to the optimized design.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 620
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: A numerical analysis of a magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer regenerator.

    Zhang, Mingkan / Abdelaziz, Omar / Momen, Ayyoub M / Abu-Heiba, Ahmad

    Scientific reports

    2017  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 13962

    Abstract: A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as magnetocaloric ... ...

    Abstract A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the regenerator. Measured properties data was used. A transient one dimensional (1D) model was employed, in which a unique numerical method was developed to significantly accelerate the simulation speed of the multi-layer AMR system. As a result, the computation speed of a multi-layer AMR case was very close to the single-layer configuration. The performance of the 16-layer AMR system in different frequencies and utilizations has been investigated using this model. To optimize the layer length distribution of the 16-layer MCMs in the regenerator, a set of 137 simulations with different MCM distributions based on the Design of Experiments (DoE) method was conducted and the results were analyzed. The results show that the 16-layer AMR system can operate up to 84% of Carnot cycle COP at a temperature span of 41 K, which cannot be obtained using an AMR with fewer layers. The DoE results indicate that for a 16-layer AMR system, the uniform distribution is very close to the optimized design.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-14406-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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