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Article ; Online: Facilitating uptake of cervical screening among Indigenous women to achieve equitable and timely elimination of cervical cancer.

Dodd, Rachael H / Whop, Lisa J / Smith, Megan A

The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific

2021 Volume 13, Page(s) 100236

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-6065
ISSN (online)	2666-6065
DOI	10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100236
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Lung cancer screening: the hidden public health emergency.

Stone, Emily / Dodd, Rachael H / Marshall, Henry / Bonevski, Billie / Rankin, Nicole M

Public health research & practice

2023 Volume 33, Issue 1

Abstract: Lung cancer causes nearly 2 million deaths per year worldwide, and cases continue to rise. Most lung cancer is diagnosed at late, incurable stages, and the five-year survival is a fraction of that for other common cancers, including breast, prostate, ... ...

Abstract	Lung cancer causes nearly 2 million deaths per year worldwide, and cases continue to rise. Most lung cancer is diagnosed at late, incurable stages, and the five-year survival is a fraction of that for other common cancers, including breast, prostate, melanoma and colorectal cancer. Lung cancer screening (LCS) in high-risk populations using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) could potentially save thousands of lives per year by shifting the stage at diagnosis to early curable disease. Although an LCS program has not yet started in Australia, two trials have provided local data on the feasibility, selection criteria and outcomes. A government-commissioned report has detailed a potential national program, and Federal Budget funding has been committed to early feasibility projects that include population-specific consultations with, for example, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities who are at higher risk of lung cancer due to high smoking rates. Effective recruitment to LCS, embedded smoking cessation and the provision of subsequent lung cancer care to all at-risk Australians remain key priorities for any future LCS program.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Public Health ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Australia ; Smoking
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2204-2091
ISSN (online)	2204-2091
DOI	10.17061/phrp3312302
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: No longer recommended for cervical screening: How women aged 18-24 feel about the renewed National Cervical Screening Program.

Jegathees, Sharuja / Mac, Olivia A / Dodd, Rachael H

The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology

2021 Volume 61, Issue 4, Page(s) 576–584

Abstract: Background: Since December 2017, the Australian National Cervical Screening Program no longer recommends screening for women under 25 years of age.: Aim: To explore the attitudes of women under 25 years toward the changes.: Methods: In December ... ...

Abstract	Background: Since December 2017, the Australian National Cervical Screening Program no longer recommends screening for women under 25 years of age. Aim: To explore the attitudes of women under 25 years toward the changes. Methods: In December 2019, women aged 18-24, residing in Australia, were recruited via the social media platform Instagram and Facebook. Descriptive analysis, t-tests, χ Results: Five hundred and twelve women completed a cross-sectional web-based survey. Women who were older (22-24: 3.1 vs 18-21: 2.8, P < 0.001), sexually active (3.1 vs 2.7, P = 0.003), vaccinated against human papillomavirus (mean = 3.2 vs 2.7, P = 0.005) or who had screened previously (mean = 3.5 vs 2.8, P < 0.001) had significantly greater knowledge about the current cervical screening practices. Older women (odds ratio (OR) = 0.85, 95% CI 0.80-0.95) or those who had screened previously (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.31-0.83) were less positive about the delayed start age of screening and five-yearly screening (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.35-0.85). A significant association was determined between being sexually active (χ Conclusion: Further work is required to rectify women's knowledge of cervical screening to ensure women under 25 are aware of the screening guidelines and reduce the potential for over-testing and overtreatment in this age group.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Australia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Vaginal Smears
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-16
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390815-x
ISSN	1479-828X ; 0004-8666
ISSN (online)	1479-828X
ISSN	0004-8666
DOI	10.1111/ajo.13350
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Article ; Online: Lung cancer screening

Emily Stone / Rachael H Dodd / Henry Marshall / Billie Bonevski / Nicole M Rankin

Public Health Research & Practice, Vol 33, Iss

the hidden public health emergency

2023 Volume 1

Abstract	Lung cancer causes nearly 2 million deaths per year worldwide, and cases continue to rise. Most lung cancer is diagnosed at late, incurable stages, and the five-year survival is a fraction of that for other common cancers, including breast, prostate, melanoma and colorectal cancer. Lung cancer screening (LCS) in high-risk populations using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) could potentially save thousands of lives per year by shifting the stage at diagnosis to early curable disease. Although an LCS program has not yet started in Australia, two trials have provided local data on the feasibility, selection criteria and outcomes. A government-commissioned report has detailed a potential national program, and Federal Budget funding has been committed to early feasibility projects that include population-specific consultations with, for example, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities who are at higher risk of lung cancer due to high smoking rates. Effective recruitment to LCS, embedded smoking cessation and the provision of subsequent lung cancer care to all at-risk Australians remain key priorities for any future LCS program.
Keywords	lung cancer ; screening ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sax Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Facilitating uptake of cervical screening among Indigenous women to achieve equitable and timely elimination of cervical cancer

Rachael H. Dodd / Lisa J Whop / Megan A Smith

The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific, Vol 13, Iss , Pp 100236- (2021)

2021

Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Reasons that clinicians in Australia offer cervical screening outside guidelines for frequency, age and co-testing

Rachael H Dodd / Helena M Obermair / Kirsten J McCaffery

Public Health Research & Practice, Vol 32, Iss

2022 Volume 4

Abstract: Objectives and importance of study: Changing cancer screening programs is notoriously difficult and may be influenced by clinicians’ willingness to adhere to new guidelines. Our objective was to investigate clinicians’ adherence to revised cervical ... ...

Abstract	Objectives and importance of study: Changing cancer screening programs is notoriously difficult and may be influenced by clinicians’ willingness to adhere to new guidelines. Our objective was to investigate clinicians’ adherence to revised cervical screening guidelines and to identify any reasons for testing outside the revised guidelines. Methods: Australian clinicians involved in cervical screening and treating women with cervical abnormalities were invited to complete a cross-sectional online survey between September 2019 and February 2020. We measured self-reported adherence to cervical screening guidelines for three common scenarios and analysed free-text reasons for offering tests contrary to guidelines using content analysis. Results: A total of 607 clinicians (283 general practitioners [GPs], and 324 obstetricians and gynaecologists [O&Gs]) were eligible and participated. Of these, 37.8% of GPs and 43.8% of O&Gs would provide testing more frequently than indicated by guidelines, but recognised the need for patients to be aware of the additional cost and for guidelines to be explained; 13.9% of GPs and 10.2% of O&Gs would screen women at a younger age than indicated due to patient request, patient/family history and the need for patient reassurance; and 11.4% of GPs and 23.6% of O&Gs would perform a HPV and cytology co-test when not indicated, mainly as a result of a mistake or lack of familiarity with guidelines, patient/family history and patient reassurance. Patient request for testing was a reason for testing outside the guidelines with regard to frequency of testing, age of testing and co-testing. Conclusions: These data suggest that it is likely cervical screening outside guidelines is occurring in Australia. As patients often request these tests, strategies to reduce screening outside the guidelines should include ensuring that women are aware of the financial implications and the reasons for the updated guidelines.
Keywords	cervical cancer ; screening ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sax Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Education messages and strategies to inform the public, potential screening candidates and healthcare providers about lung cancer screening: A systematic review.

Dodd, Rachael H / Sharman, Ashleigh R / McGregor, Deborah / Stone, Emily / Donnelly, Candice / Lourenco, Richard De Abreu / Marshall, Henry / Rankin, Nicole M

Preventive medicine

2023 Volume 169, Page(s) 107459

Abstract: International lung cancer screening (LCS) trials, using low-dose computed tomography, have demonstrated clinical effectiveness in reducing mortality from lung cancer. This systematic review aims to synthesise the key messages and strategies that could be ...

Abstract	International lung cancer screening (LCS) trials, using low-dose computed tomography, have demonstrated clinical effectiveness in reducing mortality from lung cancer. This systematic review aims to synthesise the key messages and strategies that could be successful in increasing awareness and knowledge of LCS, and ultimately increase uptake of screening. Studies were identified via relevant database searches up to January 2022. Two authors evaluated eligible studies, extracted and crosschecked data, and assessed quality. Results were synthesised narratively. Of 3205 titles identified, 116 full text articles were reviewed and 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty studies were conducted in the United States. While the study findings were heterogenous, key messages mentioned across multiple studies were about: provision of information on LCS and the recommendations for LCS (n = 8); benefits and harms of LCS (n = 6); cost of LCS and insurance coverage for participants (n = 6) and eligibility criteria (n = 5). To increase knowledge and awareness, evidence from awareness campaigns suggests that presenting information about eligibility and the benefits and harms of screening, may increase screening intention and uptake. Evidence from behavioural studies suggests that campaigns supporting engagement with platforms such as educational videos and digital awareness campaigns might be most effective. Group based learning appears to be most suited to increasing health professionals' knowledge. This systematic review found a lack of consistent evidence to demonstrate which strategies are most effective for increasing participant healthcare professional and community awareness and education about LCS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Lung Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Health Personnel/education
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184600-0
ISSN	1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
ISSN (online)	1096-0260
ISSN	0091-7435
DOI	10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107459
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Zs.A 878: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Screening for cancer beyond recommended upper age limits: views and experiences of older people.

Smith, Jenna / Dodd, Rachael H / Naganathan, Vasi / Cvejic, Erin / Jansen, Jesse / Wallis, Katharine / McCaffery, Kirsten J

Age and ageing

2023 Volume 52, Issue 10

Abstract: Background: Internationally, screening programmes and clinical practice guidelines recommend when older adults should stop cancer screening using upper age limits, but it is unknown how older adults view these recommendations.: Objective: To examine ... ...

Abstract	Background: Internationally, screening programmes and clinical practice guidelines recommend when older adults should stop cancer screening using upper age limits, but it is unknown how older adults view these recommendations. Objective: To examine older adults' views and experiences about continuing or stopping cancer screening beyond the recommended upper age limit for breast, cervical, prostate and bowel cancer. Design: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews. Setting: Australia, telephone. Subjects: A total of 29 community-dwelling older adults (≥70-years); recruited from organisation newsletters, mailing lists and Facebook advertisements. Methods: Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using Framework Analysis. Results: Firstly, older adults were on a spectrum between trusting recommendations and actively deciding about cancer screening, with some who were uncertain. Secondly, participants reported limited in-depth discussions with health professionals about cancer screening. In primary care, discussions were focused on checking they were up to date with screening or going over results. Discussions mostly only occurred if older adults initiated themselves. Finally, participants had a socially- and self-constructed understanding of screening recommendations and potential outcomes. Perceived reasons for upper age limits were cost, reduced cancer risk or ageism. Risks of screening were understood in relation to their own social experiences (e.g. shared stories about friends with adverse outcomes of cancer treatment or conversations with friends/family about controversy around prostate screening). Conclusions: Direct-to-patient information and clinician support may help improve communication about the changing benefit to harm ratio of cancer screening with increasing age and increase understanding about the rationale for an upper age limit for cancer screening programmes.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Ageism ; Australia ; Communication
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186788-x
ISSN	1468-2834 ; 0002-0729
ISSN (online)	1468-2834
ISSN	0002-0729
DOI	10.1093/ageing/afad196
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Article ; Online: The impact of delayed diagnosis and treatment due to COVID-19 on Australian thyroid cancer patients: a qualitative interview study.

D'souza, Bianka / Glover, Anthony / Bavor, Claire / Brown, Benjamin / Dodd, Rachael H / Lee, James C / Millar, Jeremy / Miller, Julie A / Zalcberg, John R / Serpell, Jonathan / Ioannou, Liane J / Nickel, Brooke

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e069236

Abstract: Objectives: The study aims to investigate the perceptions of patients with thyroid cancer on the potential impact of diagnosis and treatment delays during the COVID-19 pandemic.: Design: This study involved qualitative semi-structured telephone ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The study aims to investigate the perceptions of patients with thyroid cancer on the potential impact of diagnosis and treatment delays during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: This study involved qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, analysed using the thematic framework analysis method and reported using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Setting: Participants in the study were treated and/or managed at hospital sites across New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. Participants: 17 patients with thyroid cancer were interviewed and included in the analysis (14 females and 3 males). Results: The delays experienced by patients ranged from <3 months to >12 months. The patients reported about delays to diagnostic tests, delays to surgery and radioactive iodine treatment, perceived disease progression and, for some, the financial burden of choosing to go through private treatment to minimise the delay. Most patients also reported not wanting to experience delays any longer than they did, due to unease and anxiety. Conclusions: This study highlights an increased psychological burden in patients with thyroid cancer who experienced delayed diagnosis and/or treatment during COVID-19. The impacts experienced by patients during this time may be similar in the case of other unexpected delays and highlight the need for regular clinical review during delays to diagnosis or treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Thyroid Neoplasms/therapy ; COVID-19 ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Pandemics ; Victoria ; Qualitative Research ; COVID-19 Testing
Chemical Substances	Iodine Radioisotopes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069236
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Psychosocial impact of testing human papillomavirus positive in Australia's human papillomavirus-based cervical screening program: A cross-sectional survey.

Chadwick, Verity / Bennett, Kirsty F / McCaffery, Kirsten J / Brotherton, Julia M L / Dodd, Rachael H

Psycho-oncology

2022 Volume 31, Issue 7, Page(s) 1110–1119

Abstract: Objective: To examine the impact of self-reported human papillomavirus (HPV) test result (HPV negative, HPV positive, HPV result unknown) on a range of psychosocial outcomes.: Methods: Women and other people with a cervix in Australia aged 25-74 ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To examine the impact of self-reported human papillomavirus (HPV) test result (HPV negative, HPV positive, HPV result unknown) on a range of psychosocial outcomes. Methods: Women and other people with a cervix in Australia aged 25-74 years who reported having participated in cervical screening since December 2017 were recruited through Facebook and Instagram to complete an online survey. The primary outcome measures were anxiety, emotional distress, and general distress. Results: Nine hundred fifteen participants completed the online survey; 73.2% reported testing HPV negative ('HPV-'), 15% reported testing HPV positive ('HPV+') and 11.8% reported that they did not know/remember their test result ('HPV unknown'). Compared to participants testing HPV-, participants testing HPV+ had higher mean anxiety (41.67 vs. 37.08, p < 0.001) and emotional distress scores (11.88 vs. 7.71, p < 0.001). Concern about test result (34.3% vs. 1.3%, p < 0.001), perceived risk compared to average women (55.4% vs. 14.1%, p < 0.001), and cancer worry (27.8% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) were also greater among HPV+ participants than participants testing HPV-. Participants testing HPV+ felt less reassured about their screening result than participants testing HPV- (16% vs. 75.1%, p < 0.001). Participants testing HPV+ had greater knowledge of HPV (11.96 vs. 10.36 out of 16, p < 0.001) and HPV testing (3.94 vs 3.28 out of 5, p < 0.001) than participants who reported testing HPV-. Conclusions: Elevated levels of anxiety and emotional distress were found in those testing HPV+ compared with those testing HPV-. Future research should examine what strategies should be used to deliver test results and what additional information is provided, in order to alleviate anxiety among individuals testing HPV+.
MeSH term(s)	Alphapapillomavirus ; Cervix Uteri ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening/psychology ; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Vaginal Smears/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1118536-3
ISSN	1099-1611 ; 1057-9249
ISSN (online)	1099-1611
ISSN	1057-9249
DOI	10.1002/pon.5897
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