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Article ; Online: Femoroacetabular Impingement Measurements Obtained From Two-Dimensional Radiographs Versus Three-Dimensional-Reconstructed Computed Tomography Images Result in Different Values.

Falgout, David M / Bevan, Patrick J / Grumet, Robert C / Parvaresh, Kevin C

Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 100833

Abstract: Purpose: To compare the reliability and accuracy of radiographic measurements obtained from 2-dimensional (2D) radiographs and 3-dimensional (3D)-reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome ( ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To compare the reliability and accuracy of radiographic measurements obtained from 2-dimensional (2D) radiographs and 3-dimensional (3D)-reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Methods: Consecutive patients with FAIS from January 2018 to December 2020 were identified and included in this study. Two fellowship-trained surgeons and 2 fellows performed blinded radiographic measurements. Lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and Tönnis angles were measured on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs, and alpha angles were measured on frog lateral radiographs. Reliability coefficients for individual measurement accuracy were performed using the Cronbach alpha and intra- and inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Composite measurements for LCEA, Tönnis angle, and alpha angle were compared with the corresponding 3D value using paired sample Results: Fifty-three patients with FAIS with standardized 2D radiographic and 3D-reconstructed CT imaging were included. All reliability metrics met thresholds for internal reliability. Inter-rater ICCs for LCEA, Tönnis angle, and alpha angle were (0.928, 0.888, 0.857, all Conclusions: The use of 2D radiographs alone for preoperative planning of FAIS may lead to inaccuracies in radiographic measurements. Level of evidence: Level, III retrospective cohort study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-061X
ISSN (online)	2666-061X
DOI	10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100833
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Emergency First Responders and Professional Wellbeing: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Bevan, Malcolm P / Priest, Sally J / Plume, Ruth C / Wilson, Emma E

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 22

Abstract: Emergency first responders (EFRs) such as police officers, firefighters, paramedics and logistics personnel often suffer high turnover due to work-related stress, high workloads, fatigue, and declining professional wellbeing. As attempts to counter this ... ...

Abstract	Emergency first responders (EFRs) such as police officers, firefighters, paramedics and logistics personnel often suffer high turnover due to work-related stress, high workloads, fatigue, and declining professional wellbeing. As attempts to counter this through resilience programmes tend to have limited success, there is a need for further research into how organisational policies could change to improve EFRs' professional wellbeing. Aim: To identify the factors that may contribute to or affect EFRs' professional wellbeing. Methods: A systematic literature review has been carried out. Three databases (Science Direct, ProQuest, and PubMed) were searched using keywords developed based on the PICo (population, interest, and context) framework. A total of 984 articles were extracted. These were then critically appraised for the quality of the evidence presented, leading to a total of five being ultimately included for review. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that although EFRs may be exposed daily to traumatic events, factors that contribute to a decline in professional wellbeing emerge from within the organisational environment, rather than from the event itself. Conclusion: The study concludes that organisational and team relations factors significantly impact EFRs ability to cope with stress. As such, organisational policy should evolve to emphasise team relations over resilience programmes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Emergency Responders ; Occupations ; Police ; Occupational Stress/epidemiology ; Adaptation, Psychological
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph192214649
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Article ; Online: 'This is time we'll never get back': a qualitative study of mothers' experiences of care associated with neonatal death.

Redshaw, Maggie / Henderson, Jane / Bevan, Charlotte

BMJ open

2021 Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) e050832

Abstract: Aims: To explore the perceptions and experience of women whose baby died in the neonatal period about their care in the perinatal period, on delivery suite, in the neonatal unit and afterwards, expressed in their own words.: Design: Secondary ... ...

Abstract	Aims: To explore the perceptions and experience of women whose baby died in the neonatal period about their care in the perinatal period, on delivery suite, in the neonatal unit and afterwards, expressed in their own words. Design: Secondary analysis of the Listening to Parents study, using thematic analysis based on the open text responses from a postal survey of parents whose baby died in the neonatal period in England. Women were asked about care during the pregnancy, labour and birth, around the time the baby died and about neonatal care. Women whose pregnancy was terminated for fetal abnormality were excluded from this analysis. Results: Completed questionnaires were received from 249 mothers of whom most (78%) responded with open text. Overarching themes identified were 'the importance of proximity', 'recognition of role and identity as a parent' and 'the experience of care' and subthemes included 'hours and moments', 'barriers to contact', ' being able to parent, even for a short time', 'missed opportunities', 'being heard' and 'sensitive and responsive care'. Conclusion: The findings identify what is most important for mothers in experiencing the life and death of a baby as a newborn. Physical contact with the baby was paramount, as was being treated as a mother and a parent and being able to function as such. The way in which healthcare staff behaved and how their babies were cared for was critical to how mothers felt supported and enabled at this time. If all women whose babies die in the neonatal period after birth are to receive the responsive care they need, greater understanding of the primary need for closeness and proximity, for active recognition of their parental role and staff awareness of the limited time window available is essential.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers ; Parents ; Parturition ; Perinatal Death ; Pregnancy ; Qualitative Research
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050832
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Article: Effects of simulation-based cardiopulmonary and respiratory case training experiences on interprofessional teamwork: A systematic review.

O'Brien, Brendan / Bevan, Keslyn / Brockington, Carly / Murphy, James / Gilbert, Robert

Canadian journal of respiratory therapy : CJRT = Revue canadienne de la therapie respiratoire : RCTR

2023 Volume 59, Page(s) 85–94

Abstract: Objective: Simulation exercises are meant to provide an opportunity for health care workers to improve teamwork and develop clinical skills, among other goals. The objective of this systematic review was to determine whether simulated interdisciplinary ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Simulation exercises are meant to provide an opportunity for health care workers to improve teamwork and develop clinical skills, among other goals. The objective of this systematic review was to determine whether simulated interdisciplinary activities in the health care or clinical setting improve interprofessional collaboration within health care teams that include respiratory therapists. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline to find relevant articles using both MeSH terms and free text. Filters were applied to include English-language studies; studies published within the last 10 years (2011-2021), and studies involving human participants. Studies were excluded if they did not assess the effects of simulation on aspects of teamwork, if participants were students, if teams did not include respiratory therapists, or if the training did not involve a simulated experience in a clinical setting. The search identified 312 articles, 75 of which were advanced to full-text review. Of those 75 articles, 62 were eliminated for not measuring teamwork in their outcomes. Two articles were excluded for being published before 2011, and one was eliminated for poor methodological quality. A risk of bias assessment using standardized qualitative and quantitative appraisal checklists was conducted on each of the remaining 10 studies selected for inclusion. Results: A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review (eight prospective, pre/post-test studies and two prospective observational studies). Randomization and participant/researcher blinding were not present in the majority of the studies and reporting bias was also found to be a concern throughout the literature. However, all of the studies noted increased teamwork scores post-intervention, though they differed in the tools used to evaluate this outcome. Discussion: Collectively, the studies included in this review demonstrate that interprofessional simulation experiences including respiratory therapists enhance teamwork. The various tools used to assess change in teamwork had evidence of validity; however, studies varied in their outcomes measured, making quantitative analysis inappropriate. There are challenges involved in creating and assessing these simulations, particularly when performed within a clinical environment, which make it difficult to fully remove bias from the study design. It is unclear if the teamwork improvement can strictly be attributed to the simulation intervention or in part due to the general development of team members' competencies throughout the research period. Additionally, the permanency of the effects cannot be evaluated based on the studies included and could be an area for future research. Conclusion: Despite the limited number and methodological precision of studies included in this review along with the differing outcome evaluation methods, the authors conclude that positive teamwork improvement results are generalizable and agree with the broader base of research of the effectiveness of simulation on teambuilding.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-28
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1377251-x
ISSN	1205-9838
ISSN	1205-9838
DOI	10.29390/cjrt-2022-060
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Article ; Online: Femoroacetabular Impingement Measurements Obtained From Two-Dimensional Radiographs Versus Three-Dimensional–Reconstructed Computed Tomography Images Result in Different Values

David M. Falgout, M.D. / Patrick J. Bevan, M.D. / Robert C. Grumet, M.D. / Kevin C. Parvaresh, M.D.

Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 100833- (2024)

1481

Abstract	Purpose: To compare the reliability and accuracy of radiographic measurements obtained from 2-dimensional (2D) radiographs and 3-dimensional (3D)-reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Methods: Consecutive patients with FAIS from January 2018 to December 2020 were identified and included in this study. Two fellowship-trained surgeons and 2 fellows performed blinded radiographic measurements. Lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and Tönnis angles were measured on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs, and alpha angles were measured on frog lateral radiographs. Reliability coefficients for individual measurement accuracy were performed using the Cronbach alpha and intra- and inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Composite measurements for LCEA, Tönnis angle, and alpha angle were compared with the corresponding 3D value using paired sample t-tests. Results: Fifty-three patients with FAIS with standardized 2D radiographic and 3D-reconstructed CT imaging were included. All reliability metrics met thresholds for internal reliability. Inter-rater ICCs for LCEA, Tönnis angle, and alpha angle were (0.928, 0.888, 0.857, all P < .001). When we compared 2D radiographic measurements with 3D-reconstructed CT values, there was a significant difference in the LCEA for 2 authors: surgeon 1 (mean [M] = –9.14, standard deviation [SD] = 5.7); t(52) = –11.6, P < .001, and surgeon 2 (M = –5.9°, SD = 4.7); t(52) = –9.2, P < .001. Significant differences were seen for Tönnis angle for 2 authors: fellow 2 (M = 3.9°, SD = 5.6); t(52) = 5.1, P < .001, and surgeon 2 (M = –2.6°, SD = 4.1); t(52) = –4.6, P < .001. Alpha angle measurements compared to the 3D-reconstructed alpha angle at 2 o’clock was significantly different for 3 authors: fellow 1 (M = 11.9°, SD = 16.2); t(52) = 5.3, P < .001; fellow 2 (M = 10.4°, SD = 18.6); t(52) = 4.1, P = .002; and surgeon 2 (M = –6.5°, SD = 16.2); t(52) = –2.9, P = .005. Positive mean values indicate 2D ...
Keywords	Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Questionnaire-based Study Exploring Participant Perspectives in a Perinatal Human Challenge Trial.

Bevan, James H J / Theodosiou, Anastasia A / Corner, James / Dorey, Robert B / Read, Robert C / Jones, Christine E

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

2023 Volume 42, Issue 11, Page(s) 935–941

Abstract: Background: Pregnant women have historically been excluded from most medical research, including human challenge studies. The proof-of-concept Lactamica 9 human challenge study investigated whether nasal inoculation of pregnant women with commensal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pregnant women have historically been excluded from most medical research, including human challenge studies. The proof-of-concept Lactamica 9 human challenge study investigated whether nasal inoculation of pregnant women with commensal bacteria leads to horizontal transmission to the neonate. Given the unique practical and ethical considerations of both human challenge studies and interventional research involving pregnant women and their newborns, we sought to investigate the motivations, concerns and experiences of these volunteers. Methods: Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were given to all participants in the Lactamica 9 study. These fully anonymized qualitative and Semi-quantitative questionnaires used forced Likert scales, word association and free-text questions. Results: Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were completed by 87.1% (27/31) and 62.5% (15/24) of eligible participants, respectively. Almost all pre-participation respondents agreed with altruistic motivations for participation, and most concerns were related to discomfort from study procedures, with few concerned about the theoretical risks of inoculation to themselves (5/27; 18.5%) or their baby (6/27; 22.2%). Participants most frequently associated the study intervention with the terms "bacteria," "natural," "protective" and "safe." For the post-participation questionnaire, 93.3% (14/15) found all study procedures acceptable, and qualitative feedback was almost entirely positive, with particular emphasis on the research team's flexibility, approachability and friendliness. Conclusions: The successful completion of the Lactamica 9 study demonstrates that human challenge research in healthy pregnant women can be acceptable and feasible. Participants' initial concerns of potential discomfort were outweighed by predominantly altruistic motivations and perception of the intervention as "natural."
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392481-6
ISSN	1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
ISSN (online)	1532-0987
ISSN	0891-3668
DOI	10.1097/INF.0000000000004036
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical Uncertainty.

Uzoigwe, Chika / Bevan, Jonathan / Shabani, Farzad

JAMA internal medicine

2020 Volume 180, Issue 8, Page(s) 1131

MeSH term(s)	Clinical Decision-Making ; Humans ; Uncertainty
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2699338-7
ISSN	2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
ISSN (online)	2168-6114
ISSN	2168-6106
DOI	10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1692
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Article ; Online: Classification of nucleic acid amplification on ISFET arrays using spectrogram-based neural networks.

Tripathi, Prateek / Gulli, Costanza / Broomfield, Joseph / Alexandrou, George / Kalofonou, Melpomeni / Bevan, Charlotte / Moser, Nicolas / Georgiou, Pantelis

Computers in biology and medicine

2023 Volume 161, Page(s) 107027

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a significant research gap in the field of molecular diagnostics. This has brought forth the need for AI-based edge solutions that can provide quick diagnostic results whilst maintaining data privacy, security and ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a significant research gap in the field of molecular diagnostics. This has brought forth the need for AI-based edge solutions that can provide quick diagnostic results whilst maintaining data privacy, security and high standards of sensitivity and specificity. This paper presents a novel proof-of-concept method to detect nucleic acid amplification using ISFET sensors and deep learning. This enables the detection of DNA and RNA on a low-cost and portable lab-on-chip platform for identifying infectious diseases and cancer biomarkers. We show that by using spectrograms to transform the signal to the time-frequency domain, image processing techniques can be applied to achieve the reliable classification of the detected chemical signals. Transformation to spectrograms is beneficial as it makes the data compatible with 2D convolutional neural networks and helps gain significant performance improvement over neural networks trained on the time domain data. The trained network achieves an accuracy of 84% with a size of 30kB making it suitable for deployment on edge devices. This facilitates a new wave of intelligent lab-on-chip platforms that combine microfluidics, CMOS-based chemical sensing arrays and AI-based edge solutions for more intelligent and rapid molecular diagnostics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Neural Networks, Computer ; DNA ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
Chemical Substances	DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	127557-4
ISSN	1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
ISSN (online)	1879-0534
ISSN	0010-4825
DOI	10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107027
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Article ; Online: Strengthening open disclosure after incidents in maternity care: a realist synthesis of international research evidence.

Adams, Mary / Hartley, Julie / Sanford, Natalie / Heazell, Alexander Edward / Iedema, Rick / Bevan, Charlotte / Booker, Maria / Treadwell, Maureen / Sandall, Jane

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 285

Abstract: ... involvement in reviews and investigations, (c) possibilities for families and staff to make sense ... such as polices, regulations, and schemes, designed to promote OD; and (c) the organisational context ...

Abstract	Background: Open Disclosure (OD) is open and timely communication about harmful events arising from health care with those affected. It is an entitlement of service-users and an aspect of their recovery, as well as an important dimension of service safety improvement. Recently, OD in maternity care in the English National Health Service has become a pressing public issue, with policymakers promoting multiple interventions to manage the financial and reputational costs of communication failures. There is limited research to understand how OD works and its effects in different contexts. Methods: Realist literature screening, data extraction, and retroductive theorisation involving two advisory stakeholder groups. Data relevant to families, clinicians, and services were mapped to theorise the relationships between contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes. From these maps, key aspects for successful OD were identified. Results: After realist quality appraisal, 38 documents were included in the synthesis (22 academic, 2 training guidance, and 14 policy report). 135 explanatory accounts were identified from the included documents (with n = 41 relevant to families; n = 37 relevant to staff; and n = 37 relevant to services). These were theorised as five key mechanism sets: (a) meaningful acknowledgement of harm, (b) opportunity for family involvement in reviews and investigations, (c) possibilities for families and staff to make sense of what happened, (d) specialist skills and psychological safety of clinicians, and (e) families and staff knowing that improvements are happening. Three key contextual factors were identified: (a) the configuration of the incident (how and when identified and classified as more or less severe); (b) national or state drivers, such as polices, regulations, and schemes, designed to promote OD; and (c) the organisational context within which these these drivers are recieived and negotiated. Conclusions: This is the first review to theorise how OD works, for whom, in what circumstances, and why. We identify and examine from the secondary data the five key mechanisms for successful OD and the three contextual factors that influence this. The next study stage will use interview and ethnographic data to test, deepen, or overturn our five hypothesised programme theories to explain what is required to strengthen OD in maternity services.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Disclosure ; State Medicine ; Maternal Health Services ; Delivery of Health Care ; Communication
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09033-2
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Article ; Online: Apoptosis-modulatory miR-361-3p as a novel treatment target in endocrine-responsive and endocrine-resistant breast cancer.

Zamarbide Losada, J N / Sulpice, E / Combe, S / Almeida, G S / Leach, D A / Choo, J / Protopapa, L / Hamilton, M P / McGuire, S / Gidrol, X / Bevan, C L / Fletcher, C E

The Journal of endocrinology

2023 Volume 256, Issue 3

Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease, anti-estrogens and aromatase inhibitors (AI) improve patient survival; however, many patients develop resistance. Dysregulation of apoptosis ... ...

Abstract	Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease, anti-estrogens and aromatase inhibitors (AI) improve patient survival; however, many patients develop resistance. Dysregulation of apoptosis is a common resistance mechanism; thus, agents that can reinstate the activity of apoptotic pathways represent promising therapeutics for advanced drug-resistant disease. Emerging targets in this scenario include microRNAs (miRs). To identify miRs modulating apoptosis in drug-responsive and -resistant BC, a high-throughput miR inhibitor screen was performed, followed by high-content screening microscopy for apoptotic markers. Validation demonstrated that miR-361-3p inhibitor significantly increases early apoptosis and reduces proliferation of drug-responsive (MCF7), plus AI-/antiestrogen-resistant derivatives (LTED, TamR, FulvR), and ER- cells (MDA-MB-231). Importantly, proliferation-inhibitory effects were observed in vivo in a xenograft model, indicating the potential clinical application of miR-361-3p inhibition. RNA-seq of tumour xenografts identified FANCA as a direct miR-361-3p target, and validation suggested miR-361-3p inhibitor effects might be mediated in part through FANCA modulation. Moreover, miR-361-3p inhibition resulted in p53-mediated G1 cell cycle arrest through activation of p21 and reduced BC invasion. Analysis of publicly available datasets showed miR-361-3p expression is significantly higher in primary breast tumours vspaired normal tissue and is associated with decreased overall survival. In addition, miR-361-3p inhibitor treatment of BC patient explants decreased levels of miR-361-3p and proliferation marker, Ki67. Finally, miR-361-3p inhibitor showed synergistic effects on BC growth when combined with PARP inhibitor, Olaparib. Together, these studies identify miR-361-3p inhibitor as a potential new treatment for drug-responsive and -resistant advanced BC.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacology ; Aromatase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Aromatase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Cell Line, Tumor
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Estrogen Antagonists ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; MIRN361 microRNA, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3028-4
ISSN	1479-6805 ; 0022-0795
ISSN (online)	1479-6805
ISSN	0022-0795
DOI	10.1530/JOE-22-0229
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