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Article ; Online: Vitamin D constrains inflammation by modulating the expression of key genes on Chr17q12-21.1.

2024 Volume 12

Abstract: Vitamin D possesses immunomodulatory functions and vitamin D deficiency has been associated ... with the rise in chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma (Litonjua and Weiss, 2007). Vitamin D ... supplementation studies do not provide insight into the molecular genetic mechanisms of vitamin D-mediated ...

Abstract	Vitamin D possesses immunomodulatory functions and vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the rise in chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma (Litonjua and Weiss, 2007). Vitamin D supplementation studies do not provide insight into the molecular genetic mechanisms of vitamin D-mediated immunoregulation. Here, we provide evidence for vitamin D regulation of two human chromosomal loci, Chr17q12-21.1 and Chr17q21.2, reliably associated with autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. We demonstrate increased vitamin D receptor (
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Vitamin D/pharmacology ; Interleukin-2 ; Asthma ; Inflammation ; Th2 Cells ; Vitamin D Deficiency/metabolism ; Pneumonia ; Vitamins
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Interleukin-2 ; Vitamins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.89270
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Article: Severe hypovitaminosis D in pregnant refugees arriving in Europe: neonatal outcomes and importance of prenatal intervention.

Liori, Anna / Polychroni, Damaskini / Markantes, Georgios K / Stamou, Maria / Livadas, Sarantis / Mastorakos, George / Georgopoulos, Neoklis

Endocrine connections

2022 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Adequate vitamin D levels are particularly important in pregnant women for both maternal and ... neonatal health. Prior studies have shown a significantly high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD ... severe hypovitaminosis D (<10 ng/mL). As a result, most newborns had VDD, which affected refugee newborns ...

Abstract	Adequate vitamin D levels are particularly important in pregnant women for both maternal and neonatal health. Prior studies have shown a significantly high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among refugees. However, no study has addressed the prevalence of VDD in pregnant refugees and its effects on neonatal health. In this study, we examined the prevalence of VDD in refugee pregnant women living in Greece and compared our results with Greek pregnant inhabitants. VDD was frequent in both groups but was significantly more common in refugees (92.2 vs 67.3% of Greek women, P = 0.003) with 70.6% of refugees having severe hypovitaminosis D (<10 ng/mL). As a result, most newborns had VDD, which affected refugee newborns to a greater extent. Our results suggest a need to screen newcomer children and pregnant women for VDD in all host countries around the world. Such a screen will appropriately guide early and effective interventions with the goal to prevent adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2668428-7
ISSN	2049-3614
ISSN	2049-3614
DOI	10.1530/EC-21-0412
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Article: Vitamin D Deficiency in Elderly With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Review.

Papaioannou, Ioannis / Pantazidou, Georgia / Kokkalis, Zinon / Georgopoulos, Neoklis / Jelastopulu, Eleni

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) e12506

Abstract: ... its complications. On the other hand, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is also a serious public health problem ... the following: vitamin D deficiency, elderly, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Among the 556 articles retrieved, 90 ... conflicting and more studies are needed to confirm the impact of vitamin D deficiency (VD) supplementation ...

Abstract	Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is an emerging public health issue with high prevalence among older adults (>60 years old). Taking into consideration the great increase in the elderly population (approximately 7.5 billion worldwide), we can easily understand the impact of this chronic disease and its complications. On the other hand, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is also a serious public health problem with significant impacts and multiple health effects. The correlation between DM and VDD has been suggested and established from many observational studies, reviews, and meta-analyses. The literature in PubMed and Google Scholar was searched for relevant articles published up to October 2020. The keywords used were the following: vitamin D deficiency, elderly, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Among the 556 articles retrieved, 90 full texts were eligible and only 34 studies (12 retrospective studies, two prospective cohorts, three meta-analyses, seven cross-sectional studies, nine randomized control trials (RCTs), and one observational study) met the inclusion criteria for the review. The author's name, year of publication, country, type of study, and the number of patients were reported. According to this review there is adequate evidence to support the correlation between VDD and T2DM in the elderly. The results from the RCTs are more conflicting and more studies are needed to confirm the impact of vitamin D deficiency (VD) supplementation on metabolic and lipid profile, oxidative stress, and the complications of T2DM in older patients. VDD is clearly related with severe retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and poor cognition performance, while there is consensus about the beneficial effect of VD on peripheral artery disease, foot ulceration prevention, and wound healing. On the other hand, there is controversy about the effect of VD supplementation on cardiovascular adverse events, endothelial function, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Finally, the association of VDD with fragility fractures and depression in the elderly with T2DM is currently insufficiently studied and remains controversial.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.12506
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Article: Sun exposure and vitamin D.

Panou, Nikol / Georgopoulos, Sotirios / Panou, Marios / Sergentanis, Theodoros N / Maropoulos, Georgios / Papalambros, Efstathios

Perspectives in public health

2012 Volume 132, Issue 1, Page(s) 7; discussion 7

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Climate ; Female ; Greece ; Humans ; Male ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use ; Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2478358-4
ISSN	1757-9147 ; 1757-9139
ISSN (online)	1757-9147
ISSN	1757-9139
DOI	10.1177/1757913911434497a
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Article ; Online: Ketamine-Induced Apoptosis in Normal Human Urothelial Cells: A Direct, N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor-Independent Pathway Characterized by Mitochondrial Stress.

Baker, Simon C / Shabir, Saqib / Georgopoulos, Nikolaos T / Southgate, Jennifer

The American journal of pathology

2016 Volume 186, Issue 5, Page(s) 1267–1277

Abstract: ... for ketamine is mediated primarily through N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism; however, normal ...

Abstract	Recreational abuse of ketamine has been associated with the emergence of a new bladder pain syndrome, ketamine-induced cystitis, characterized by chronic inflammation and urothelial ulceration. We investigated the direct effects of ketamine on normal human urothelium maintained in organ culture or as finite cell lines in vitro. Exposure of urothelium to ketamine resulted in apoptosis, with cytochrome c release from mitochondria and significant subsequent caspase 9 and 3/7 activation. The anesthetic mode-of-action for ketamine is mediated primarily through N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism; however, normal (nonimmortalized) human urothelial cells were unresponsive to NMDAR agonists or antagonists, and no expression of NMDAR transcript was detected. Exposure to noncytotoxic concentrations of ketamine (≤1 mmol/L) induced rapid release of ATP, which activated purinergic P2Y receptors and stimulated the inositol trisphosphate receptor to provoke transient release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol. Ketamine concentrations >1 mmol/L were cytotoxic and provoked a larger-amplitude increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration that was unresolved. The sustained elevation in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration was associated with pathological mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP deficiency. Damage to the urinary barrier initiates bladder pain and, in ketamine-induced cystitis, loss of urothelium from large areas of the bladder wall is a reported feature. This study offers first evidence for a mechanism of direct toxicity of ketamine to urothelial cells by activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesics/administration & dosage ; Analgesics/toxicity ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Calcium Signaling/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cystitis/chemically induced ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/toxicity ; Humans ; Ketamine/administration & dosage ; Ketamine/toxicity ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Stress, Physiological/drug effects ; Urinary Bladder/drug effects ; Urothelium/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Analgesics ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; Ketamine (690G0D6V8H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2943-9
ISSN	1525-2191 ; 0002-9440
ISSN (online)	1525-2191
ISSN	0002-9440
DOI	10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.12.014
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Article ; Online: Dyspnea in the ICU: It Is Difficult to See What Patients Feel.

Banzett, Robert / Georgopoulos, Dimitrios

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

2023 Volume 208, Issue 1, Page(s) 6–7

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Respiration, Artificial ; Dyspnea/diagnosis ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Intensive Care Units ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1180953-x
ISSN	1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
ISSN	0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
DOI	10.1164/rccm.202304-0677ED
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Article: The [KIL-d] element specifically regulates viral gene expression in yeast.

Tallóczy, Z / Mazar, R / Georgopoulos, D E / Ramos, F / Leibowitz, M J

Genetics

2000 Volume 155, Issue 2, Page(s) 601–609

Abstract: The cytoplasmically inherited [KIL-d] element epigenetically regulates killer virus gene expression ... in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [KIL-d] results in variegated defects in expression of the M double-stranded RNA viral segment ... in haploid cells that are "healed" in diploids. We report that the [KIL-d] element is spontaneously lost ...

Abstract	The cytoplasmically inherited [KIL-d] element epigenetically regulates killer virus gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [KIL-d] results in variegated defects in expression of the M double-stranded RNA viral segment in haploid cells that are "healed" in diploids. We report that the [KIL-d] element is spontaneously lost with a frequency of 10(-4)-10(-5) and reappears with variegated phenotypic expression with a frequency of > or =10(-3). This high rate of loss and higher rate of reappearance is unlike any known nucleic acid replicon but resembles the behavior of yeast prions. However, [KIL-d] is distinct from the known yeast prions in its relative guanidinium hydrochloride incurability and independence of Hsp104 protein for its maintenance. Despite its transmissibility by successive cytoplasmic transfers, multiple cytoplasmic nucleic acids have been proven not to carry the [KIL-d] trait. [KIL-d] epigenetically regulates the expression of the M double-stranded RNA satellite virus genome, but fails to alter the expression of M cDNA. This specificity remained even after a cycle of mating and meiosis. Due to its unique genetic properties and viral RNA specificity, [KIL-d] represents a new type of genetic element that interacts with a viral RNA genome.
MeSH term(s)	Base Sequence ; DNA Primers ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/genetics ; Genes, Fungal ; Phenotype ; RNA, Double-Stranded/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA Primers ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2167-2
ISSN	1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
ISSN (online)	1943-2631
ISSN	0016-6731
DOI	10.1093/genetics/155.2.601
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Article ; Online: Studying Diaphragm Activity During Expiration in Mechanically Ventilated Patients - Expiratory Asynchrony Is Important.

Akoumianaki, Evangelia / Bolaki, Maria / Georgopoulos, Dimitris

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180953-x
ISSN	1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
ISSN	0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
DOI	10.1164/rccm.202401-0110LE
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Article: Respiratory drive: a journey from health to disease.

Georgopoulos, Dimitrios / Bolaki, Maria / Stamatopoulou, Vaia / Akoumianaki, Evangelia

Journal of intensive care

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

Abstract: Respiratory drive is defined as the intensity of respiratory centers output during the breath and is primarily affected by cortical and chemical feedback mechanisms. During the involuntary act of breathing, chemical feedback, primarily mediated through ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory drive is defined as the intensity of respiratory centers output during the breath and is primarily affected by cortical and chemical feedback mechanisms. During the involuntary act of breathing, chemical feedback, primarily mediated through CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2739853-5
ISSN	2052-0492
ISSN	2052-0492
DOI	10.1186/s40560-024-00731-5
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Article ; Online: Serum 25(OH)D and VEGF in diabetes mellitus type 2

Nikolaos Tentolouris / Georgios Maropoulos / Alexandros Papalampros / Theodoros N. Sergentanis / Marios Panou / Sotirios Georgopoulos / Nikol Panou / Frangiska Sigala

International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health, Vol 3, Iss 10, Pp 790-

gender-specific associations '

2011 Volume 795

Abstract: Background: Vitamin D insufficiency has been defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels ... OH)D and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in DM type 2.Methods: Serum 25(OH)D and ... VEGF levels were determined in 40 patients with DM type 2 and vitamin D insufficiency ...

Abstract	Background: Vitamin D insufficiency has been defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels below 30 ng/mL and is common among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and the elderly.Aim & Objectives: Our aim was to investigate clinically meaningful associations implicating low serum levels of 25(OH)D and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in DM type 2.Methods: Serum 25(OH)D and VEGF levels were determined in 40 patients with DM type 2 and vitamin D insufficiency. Their correlation with markers of advanced diabetic disease (amputation, diabetic foot, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, insulin dependence) as well as with serum biochemical parameters was examined. Subanalyses were performed on men and women.Results: Compared with males, female patients exhibited lower 25(OH)D levels (p<0.0001) but higher serum VEGF (p=0.018). There was a trend towards an inverse vitamin D - VEGF association. Subanalysis on women showed low serum 25(OH)D levels strongly associated with amputation (p=0.003). High serum VEGF levels were associated with amputation (p=0.038), and marginally with diabetic foot (p=0.058), insulin dependence (p=0.084) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (p=0.086). Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with serum uric acid (p=0.007), calcium (p=0.042) and albumin levels (p=0.033). Subanalysis on men demonstrated positive correlation between 25(OH)D levels, albumin (p=0.004) and calcium levels (p=0.060, borderline association).Conclusion: The association between low serum 25(OH)D levels and amputation in women may be inscribed into the wider context portraying vitamin D insufficiency as a poor prognostic factor. Vitamin D insufficiency may exert gender-specific effects in the context of DM type 2.
Keywords	Vitamin D ; VEGF ; diabetes ; amputation ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Public Health ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	DRUNPP Sarajevo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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