Article ; Online: HIV-1 Envelope Conformation, Allostery, and Dynamics.
2021 Volume 13, Issue 5
Abstract: The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) mediates host cell fusion and is the primary target for HIV-1 vaccine design. The Env undergoes a series of functionally important conformational rearrangements upon engagement of its host cell receptor, CD4. As the ... ...
| Abstract | The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) mediates host cell fusion and is the primary target for HIV-1 vaccine design. The Env undergoes a series of functionally important conformational rearrangements upon engagement of its host cell receptor, CD4. As the sole target for broadly neutralizing antibodies, our understanding of these transitions plays a critical role in vaccine immunogen design. Here, we review available experimental data interrogating the HIV-1 Env conformation and detail computational efforts aimed at delineating the series of conformational changes connecting these rearrangements. These studies have provided a structural mapping of prefusion closed, open, and transition intermediate structures, the allosteric elements controlling rearrangements, and state-to-state transition dynamics. The combination of these investigations and innovations in molecular modeling set the stage for advanced studies examining rearrangements at greater spatial and temporal resolution. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41/chemistry ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41/genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41/immunology ; HIV-1/chemistry ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/immunology ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Virus Internalization ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism |
| Chemical Substances | Antibodies, Neutralizing ; HIV Antibodies ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41 ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-05-07 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 2516098-9 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915 |
| ISSN (online) | 1999-4915 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 |
| DOI | 10.3390/v13050852 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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