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Article: Editorial: Bariatric surgery, nutritional aspects and beyond.

Cava, Edda / Boyle, Christina N / Ahlin, Sofie / Capristo, Esmeralda

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1214952

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2023.1214952
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and alterations of body composition.

Cava, Edda / Carbone, Salvatore

Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

2021 Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 229–235

Abstract: Purpose of review: This manuscript reviews evidence collected during COVID-19 pandemic and provides information on the impact of body composition on severity and outcomes of the disease, analysing methods used for body composition assessment. ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: This manuscript reviews evidence collected during COVID-19 pandemic and provides information on the impact of body composition on severity and outcomes of the disease, analysing methods used for body composition assessment. Malnutrition-screening tools will also be discussed to screen and diagnose the patients at higher risk of COVID-19 severity and related worse outcomes. Recent findings: COVID-19 can occur in a wide range of presentation, from asymptomatic to severe forms. Among the major risk factors for worse severity, overnutrition, undernutrition and body composition play a role in the ability to respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Excess fat accumulation (i.e. obesity) or lean mass loss and functionality (i.e. sarcopenia) or a combination of both (i.e. sarcopenic obesity) can affect whole-body functioning. These body composition alterations in the short-term can influence susceptibility and immunological responses to the virus, inflammatory reaction, metabolic and respiratory distress, while in the long-term can modulate disease outcomes, namely length of stay, time required for recovery, risk of ICU-acquired weakness and long-term disabilities, and potentially increase the risk of death. Summary: Individuals with malnutrition, sarcopenia, obesity, sarcopenic obesity and older adults with abnormal body composition or malnutrition risk may require tailored medical nutrition therapy to improve short and long-term COVID-19 outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Composition ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malnutrition/physiopathology ; Malnutrition/virology ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Therapy ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Obesity/virology ; Overnutrition/physiopathology ; Overnutrition/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sarcopenia/physiopathology ; Sarcopenia/virology ; Severity of Illness Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1460178-3
ISSN	1473-6519 ; 1363-1950
ISSN (online)	1473-6519
ISSN	1363-1950
DOI	10.1097/MCO.0000000000000740
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 5586: Show issues

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Article: Investigating the Health Implications of Whey Protein Consumption: A Narrative Review of Risks, Adverse Effects, and Associated Health Issues.

Cava, Edda / Padua, Elvira / Campaci, Diego / Bernardi, Marco / Muthanna, Fares M S / Caprio, Massimiliano / Lombardo, Mauro

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 12, Issue 2

Abstract: This narrative review critically examines the current research on the health implications of whey protein (WP) supplementation, with a focus on potential risks and adverse effects. WP, commonly consumed for muscle building and weight loss, has been ... ...

Abstract	This narrative review critically examines the current research on the health implications of whey protein (WP) supplementation, with a focus on potential risks and adverse effects. WP, commonly consumed for muscle building and weight loss, has been associated with various health concerns. Our comprehensive analysis involved a thorough search of multiple databases, resulting in the inclusion of 21 preclinical and human studies that collectively offer a detailed overview of WP's health impacts. The review reveals significant findings, such as WP's potential link to liver and kidney damage, alterations in gut microbiota, increased acne incidence, impacts on bone mass, and emotional and behavioural changes. These findings underscore the complexity of WP's effects on human health, indicating both beneficial and detrimental outcomes in relation to different posologies in a variety of settings. Our study suggests caution for the protein intake in situations of hepatic and renal compromised functions, as well as in acne susceptibility, while possible beneficial effects can be achieved for the intestinal microbiota, humoral and behavioural level, and finally bone and muscle mass in elderly. We emphasizes the importance of balanced WP consumption and call for more in-depth research to understand its long-term health effects. Health professionals and individuals considering WP supplementation should be aware of these potential risks and approach its use with informed caution.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare12020246
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Article: Breast Cancer Diet “BCD”: A Review of Healthy Dietary Patterns to Prevent Breast Cancer Recurrence and Reduce Mortality

Cava, Edda / Marzullo, Paolo / Farinelli, Deborah / Gennari, Alessandra / Saggia, Chiara / Riso, Sergio / Prodam, Flavia

Nutrients. 2022 Jan. 21, v. 14, no. 3

2022

Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) represents the most common cancer in women, while overweight and obesity are the second preventable cause of cancer. Weight gain and fat accumulation are common after BC diagnosis; moreover, weight gain during the treatment decreases ... ...

Abstract	Breast cancer (BC) represents the most common cancer in women, while overweight and obesity are the second preventable cause of cancer. Weight gain and fat accumulation are common after BC diagnosis; moreover, weight gain during the treatment decreases the survival rate and increases the risk of recurrence in breast cancer survivors (BCS). To reduce the risk of second primary cancer or BC recurrence, and all-cause mortality in BCS, multiple interventions have been investigated to obtain reduction in weight, BMI and/or waist circumference. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze evidence on BCS for their risk of recurrence or mortality related to increased weight or fat deposition, and the effects of interventions with healthy dietary patterns to achieve a proper weight and to reduce fat-related risk. The primary focus was on dietary patterns instead of single nutrients and supplements, as the purpose was to investigate on secondary prevention in women free from disease at the end of their cancer treatment. In addition, BC relation with insulin resistance, dietary carbohydrate, and glycemic index/glycemic load is discussed. In conclusion, obesity and overweight, low rates of physical activity, and hormone receptor-status are associated with poorer BC-treatment outcomes. To date, there is a lack of evidence to suggest which dietary pattern is the best approach for weight management in BCS. In the future, multimodal lifestyle interventions with dietary, physical activity and psychological support after BC diagnosis should be studied with the aim of reducing the risk of BC recurrence or mortality.
Keywords	breast neoplasms ; cancer recurrence ; cancer therapy ; dietary carbohydrate ; eating habits ; glycemic index ; glycemic load ; insulin resistance ; lifestyle ; obesity ; physical activity ; risk ; risk reduction ; survival rate ; waist circumference ; weight control ; weight gain
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0121
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14030476
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Breast Cancer Diet "BCD": A Review of Healthy Dietary Patterns to Prevent Breast Cancer Recurrence and Reduce Mortality.

Cava, Edda / Marzullo, Paolo / Farinelli, Deborah / Gennari, Alessandra / Saggia, Chiara / Riso, Sergio / Prodam, Flavia

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 3

Abstract	Breast cancer (BC) represents the most common cancer in women, while overweight and obesity are the second preventable cause of cancer. Weight gain and fat accumulation are common after BC diagnosis; moreover, weight gain during the treatment decreases the survival rate and increases the risk of recurrence in breast cancer survivors (BCS). To reduce the risk of second primary cancer or BC recurrence, and all-cause mortality in BCS, multiple interventions have been investigated to obtain reduction in weight, BMI and/or waist circumference. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze evidence on BCS for their risk of recurrence or mortality related to increased weight or fat deposition, and the effects of interventions with healthy dietary patterns to achieve a proper weight and to reduce fat-related risk. The primary focus was on dietary patterns instead of single nutrients and supplements, as the purpose was to investigate on secondary prevention in women free from disease at the end of their cancer treatment. In addition, BC relation with insulin resistance, dietary carbohydrate, and glycemic index/glycemic load is discussed. In conclusion, obesity and overweight, low rates of physical activity, and hormone receptor-status are associated with poorer BC-treatment outcomes. To date, there is a lack of evidence to suggest which dietary pattern is the best approach for weight management in BCS. In the future, multimodal lifestyle interventions with dietary, physical activity and psychological support after BC diagnosis should be studied with the aim of reducing the risk of BC recurrence or mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Breast Neoplasms/therapy ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control ; Obesity/complications ; Overweight/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14030476
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Article ; Online: Long-term intensive endurance exercise training is associated to reduced markers of cellular senescence in the colon mucosa of older adults.

Demaria, Marco / Bertozzi, Beatrice / Veronese, Nicola / Spelta, Francesco / Cava, Edda / Tosti, Valeria / Piccio, Laura / Early, Dayna S / Fontana, Luigi

npj aging

2023 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 3

Abstract: Regular endurance exercise training is an effective intervention for the maintenance of metabolic health and the prevention of many age-associated chronic diseases. Several metabolic and inflammatory factors are involved in the health-promoting effects ... ...

Abstract	Regular endurance exercise training is an effective intervention for the maintenance of metabolic health and the prevention of many age-associated chronic diseases. Several metabolic and inflammatory factors are involved in the health-promoting effects of exercise training, but regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Cellular senescence-a state of irreversible growth arrest-is considered a basic mechanism of aging. Senescent cells accumulate over time and promote a variety of age-related pathologies from neurodegenerative disorders to cancer. Whether long-term intensive exercise training affect the accumulation of age-associated cellular senescence is still unclear. Here, we show that the classical senescence markers p16 and IL-6 were markedly higher in the colon mucosa of middle-aged and older overweight adults than in young sedentary individuals, but this upregulation was significantly blunted in age-matched endurance runners. Interestingly, we observe a linear correlation between the level of p16 and the triglycerides to HDL ratio, a marker of colon adenoma risk and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Our data suggest that chronic high-volume high-intensity endurance exercise can play a role in preventing the accumulation of senescent cells in cancer-prone tissues like colon mucosa with age. Future studies are warranted to elucidate if other tissues are also affected, and what are the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the senopreventative effects of different forms of exercise training.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2731-6068
ISSN (online)	2731-6068
DOI	10.1038/s41514-023-00100-w
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Article ; Online: Obesity pandemic during COVID-19 outbreak: Narrative review and future considerations.

Cava, Edda / Neri, Barbara / Carbonelli, Maria Grazia / Riso, Sergio / Carbone, Salvatore

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

2021 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 1637–1643

Abstract: The high prevalence of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities has reached pandemic proportions, particularly in Western countries. Obesity increases the risk to develop several chronic noncommunicable disease, ultimately contributing to reduced ... ...

Abstract	The high prevalence of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities has reached pandemic proportions, particularly in Western countries. Obesity increases the risk to develop several chronic noncommunicable disease, ultimately contributing to reduced survival. Recently, obesity has been recognized as major risk factor for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related prognosis, contributing to worse outcomes in those with established COVID-19. Particularly, obesity has been associated with higher hospitalization rates in acute or intensive care and greater risk for invasive mechanical ventilation than lean people. Obesity is characterized by metabolic impairments and chronic low-grade systemic inflammation that causes a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, further aggravating the cytokine production and risk of cytokine storm response during Sars-Cov2 sepsis or other secondary infections. Moreover, the metabolic dysregulations are closely related to an impaired immune system and altered response to viral infection that can ultimately lead to a greater susceptibility to infections, longer viral shedding and greater duration of illness and severity of the disease. In individuals with obesity, maintaining a healthy diet, remaining physically active and reducing sedentary behaviors are particularly important during COVID-19-related quarantine to reduce metabolic and immune impairments. Moreover, such stategies are of utmost importance to reduce the risk for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, and to prevent a reduction and potentially even increase cardiorespiratory fitness, a well-known independent risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and recently found to be a risk factor also for hospitalizations secondary to COVID-19. Such lifestyle strategies may ultimately reduce morbility and mortality in patients with infectious disease, especially in those with concomitant obesity. The aim of this review is to discuss how obesity might increase the risk of COVID-19 and potentially affect its prognosis once COVID-19 is diagnosed. We therefore advocate for implementation of strategies aimed at preventing obesity in the first place, but also to minimize the metabolic anomalies that may lead to a compromized immune response and chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, especially in patients with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology ; Comorbidity ; Diet/standards ; Disease Susceptibility/epidemiology ; Disease Susceptibility/immunology ; Exercise/physiology ; Humans ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/immunology ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604812-2
ISSN	1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
ISSN (online)	1532-1983
ISSN	0261-5614
DOI	10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.038
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Zs.A 1774: Show issues

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Article: Weight Management Effectiveness and Predictors of Dropout in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Retrospective Study.

Cava, Edda / Spadaccini, Daniele / Aimaretti, Gianluca / Marzullo, Paolo / Cavigiolo, Beatrice / Farinelli, Deborah / Gennari, Alessandra / Saggia, Chiara / Carbonelli, Maria Grazia / Riso, Sergio / Prodam, Flavia

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 17

Abstract: Background: Reducing obesity and weight gain, which often occurs during breast cancer treatment, may represent an efficient secondary or tertiary prevention against cancer.: Purpose: This retrospective observational cohort study aimed to assess the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Reducing obesity and weight gain, which often occurs during breast cancer treatment, may represent an efficient secondary or tertiary prevention against cancer. Purpose: This retrospective observational cohort study aimed to assess the impact of a Mediterranean diet on weight and anthropometric changes in women completing active breast cancer treatment. Additionally, we sought to identify factors associated with study dropout within one year. Methods: A total of 182 female patients (20 normal weight, 59 overweight, 103 obese) received personalized Mediterranean diet interventions and underwent monthly outpatient visits. Results: Dropout rates were 42.3% at 6 months and 64.1% at 12 months. Among the obese subgroup, BMI ( Conclusion: Implementing a Mediterranean diet can lead to weight and anthropometric improvements in breast cancer survivors. Further research is necessary to explore the long-term effects of weight loss on these individuals, identify effective dietary approaches, and consider specific predictors of dropout.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15174401
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Article: Nutritional management of celiac crisis in an elderly adult: A case report of the rare presentation of celiac disease in a 75-y-old woman

Cava, Edda / Collo, Alessandro / Capello, Elena Cecilia / Mazza, Fabrizio / Riso, Sergio

Nutrition. 2020 Nov., Dec., v. 79-80

2020

Abstract: In adults, a very uncommon presentation of celiac disease (CD) is a celiac crisis, a life-threatening and severe form of the disease having a dramatic onset with diarrhea and metabolic acidosis with electrolyte and fluid imbalance. Treatment of celiac ... ...

Abstract	In adults, a very uncommon presentation of celiac disease (CD) is a celiac crisis, a life-threatening and severe form of the disease having a dramatic onset with diarrhea and metabolic acidosis with electrolyte and fluid imbalance. Treatment of celiac crisis requires a gluten-free diet; however, the risk for refeeding syndrome (RFS) should be considered in patients showing marked malabsorption symptoms and important unintentional weight loss. Therefore, to avoid metabolic and potentially fatal complications of re-nutrition, nutritional management is crucial for a safe recovery after a celiac crisis.This review reports the rare onset of celiac crisis in a 75-y-old woman presenting with severe malnutrition resulting in >40% weight loss in 3 mo, after a period of severe diarrhea and vomiting. She arrived at the hospital showing electrolyte imbalance, hypoalbuminemia, lower limb edema, multiple bowel movements (>10/d) with steatorrhea, sarcopenia with profound asthenia, hyporexia due to intolerance to any food, and vomiting after meals. After being diagnosed with CD, the first approach was a gluten-free diet, which demonstrated only small and slow improvements of gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, a second approach was parenteral nutrition (PN) support that dramatically helped the patient's recovery. Here we describe the nutritional management during the inpatient stay for clinical stabilization and the following outpatient visits during and after the support with PN, until the patient's complete recovery to a regular follow-up.
Keywords	acidosis ; case studies ; celiac disease ; diarrhea ; edema ; elderly ; electrolytes ; gastrointestinal system ; gluten-free diet ; hospitals ; hypoalbuminemia ; malnutrition ; parenteral feeding ; patients ; risk ; sarcopenia ; steatorrhea ; weight loss ; women
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	639259-3
ISSN	1873-1244 ; 0899-9007
ISSN (online)	1873-1244
ISSN	0899-9007
DOI	10.1016/j.nut.2020.110858
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Z 4802: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Nutritional management of celiac crisis in an elderly adult: A case report of the rare presentation of celiac disease in a 75-y-old woman.

Cava, Edda / Collo, Alessandro / Capello, Elena Cecilia / Mazza, Fabrizio / Riso, Sergio

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)

2020 Volume 79-80, Page(s) 110858

Abstract	In adults, a very uncommon presentation of celiac disease (CD) is a celiac crisis, a life-threatening and severe form of the disease having a dramatic onset with diarrhea and metabolic acidosis with electrolyte and fluid imbalance. Treatment of celiac crisis requires a gluten-free diet; however, the risk for refeeding syndrome (RFS) should be considered in patients showing marked malabsorption symptoms and important unintentional weight loss. Therefore, to avoid metabolic and potentially fatal complications of re-nutrition, nutritional management is crucial for a safe recovery after a celiac crisis. This review reports the rare onset of celiac crisis in a 75-y-old woman presenting with severe malnutrition resulting in >40% weight loss in 3 mo, after a period of severe diarrhea and vomiting. She arrived at the hospital showing electrolyte imbalance, hypoalbuminemia, lower limb edema, multiple bowel movements (>10/d) with steatorrhea, sarcopenia with profound asthenia, hyporexia due to intolerance to any food, and vomiting after meals. After being diagnosed with CD, the first approach was a gluten-free diet, which demonstrated only small and slow improvements of gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, a second approach was parenteral nutrition (PN) support that dramatically helped the patient's recovery. Here we describe the nutritional management during the inpatient stay for clinical stabilization and the following outpatient visits during and after the support with PN, until the patient's complete recovery to a regular follow-up.
MeSH term(s)	Acidosis ; Aged ; Celiac Disease/complications ; Celiac Disease/therapy ; Diarrhea/etiology ; Diarrhea/therapy ; Diet, Gluten-Free ; Female ; Humans ; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	639259-3
ISSN	1873-1244 ; 0899-9007
ISSN (online)	1873-1244
ISSN	0899-9007
DOI	10.1016/j.nut.2020.110858
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Zs.A 2290: Show issues

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