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Article: Coronaviruses.

Rajčáni, J

2020 Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) 264–267

Abstract: The members of coronavirus family are facultative pathogens of birds and mammals, including men. From their first isolation 60 years ago, they caused smaller or larger epidemics mainly originating from China. The most recent pandemic quickly spreading ... ...

Abstract	The members of coronavirus family are facultative pathogens of birds and mammals, including men. From their first isolation 60 years ago, they caused smaller or larger epidemics mainly originating from China. The most recent pandemic quickly spreading worldwide has affected over 2,000,000 people. Keywords: coronavirus; epidemic; single strand vRNA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Birds ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology ; Coronavirus/pathogenicity ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Coronavirus Infections/veterinary ; Mammals ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-18
Publishing country	Slovakia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210452-0
ISSN	1336-2305 ; 0001-723X
ISSN (online)	1336-2305
ISSN	0001-723X
DOI	10.4149/av_2020_215
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Article: Coronaviruses

Rajcáni, J

Acta Virol

Abstract	The members of coronavirus family are facultative pathogens of birds and mammals, including men. From their first isolation 60 years ago, they caused smaller or larger epidemics mainly originating from China. The most recent pandemic quickly spreading worldwide has affected over 2,000,000 people. Keywords: coronavirus; epidemic; single strand vRNA.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32551795
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The potential of currently unavailable herpes virus vaccines.

Rajčáni, Július / Bánáti, Ferenc / Szenthe, Kálmán / Szathmary, Susan

Expert review of vaccines

2018 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 239–248

Abstract: Introduction: Despite overwhelming experimental work, there are no licensed vaccines against the most frequent Alphaherpesviruses, namely herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV1 and 2) nor against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the subfamily ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Despite overwhelming experimental work, there are no licensed vaccines against the most frequent Alphaherpesviruses, namely herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV1 and 2) nor against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the subfamily Gammaherpesvirus. Areas covered: Since the DNAs of both HSVs reside in the regional sensory ganglia in a latent state (i.e. as circularized episomal molecules), a corresponding vaccine might be useful for immunotherapy rather than for prevention of primary infection. Here we describe the design of a purified subunit vaccine as well as the preparation and efficacy of a recombinant fusion protein consisting of the gD ectodomain from our domestic attenuated HSV1 strain HSZP. The EBV vaccines considered so far, were destined for prevention of infectious mononucleosis (IM) or to prevent formation of EBV related tumors. To design the EBV peptide vaccine, at least 15 carefully selected immunogenic epitopes coming from 12 virus coded proteins were bound to synthetic micro-particle carriers along with a non-specific pathogen recognizing receptor (PRR) stimulating both the T as well as B lymphocytes. Expert commentary: The efficacy of a novel EBV peptide in the rabbit model was based on criteria such as antibody formation (EA-D detected by ELISA, early and capsid proteins tested by immunoblot), presence of LMP1 antigen and of viral DNA in peripheral white blood cells. Out of 19 peptide combinations used for vaccination, at least 6 showed a satisfactory protective effect.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/prevention & control ; Herpes Simplex/immunology ; Herpes Simplex/prevention & control ; Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines/immunology ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/immunology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology ; Herpesvirus Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Herpesvirus Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; Rabbits
Chemical Substances	Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines ; Herpesvirus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2181284-6
ISSN	1744-8395 ; 1476-0584
ISSN (online)	1744-8395
ISSN	1476-0584
DOI	10.1080/14760584.2018.1425620
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Article ; Online: Stress and hair cortisol concentrations in nurses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rajcani, Jakub / Vytykacova, Simona / Solarikova, Petra / Brezina, Igor

Psychoneuroendocrinology

2021 Volume 129, Page(s) 105245

Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare workers have been exposed to very stressful conditions. Measuring hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs), which reflect the integrated long-term cortisol levels, may elucidate the impact of COVID-19 related ...

Abstract	During the COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare workers have been exposed to very stressful conditions. Measuring hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs), which reflect the integrated long-term cortisol levels, may elucidate the impact of COVID-19 related stress on healthcare professionals. In the current study, we investigated experienced stress in 693 healthcare workers, with hair samples for cortisol analysis collected from a subset of 67 female nurses. The HCCs in two 3 cm hair segments corresponding to periods before and during the peak of the first wave of COVID-19 were compared. To evaluate the effect of working in the first line, the sample was divided into two groups based on the COVID-19 risk estimated by the nurses. Covariates in the model included perceived stress (PSS), perceived social support (MSPSS), and quality of sleep (PSQI) measured via an online questionnaire. The data showed that more than 75% of healthcare workers agreed that COVID-19 led to increased stress at their workplace. The hair cortisol analysis showed higher HCCs in the hair segments corresponding to the time of the pandemic compared to hair corresponding to an earlier period (partial η
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19 ; Female ; Hair/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; Occupational Stress/etiology ; Occupational Stress/metabolism ; Slovakia ; Social Support
Chemical Substances	Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	197636-9
ISSN	1873-3360 ; 0306-4530
ISSN (online)	1873-3360
ISSN	0306-4530
DOI	10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105245
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Article ; Online: A follow-up to the study: Stress and hair cortisol concentrations in nurses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rajcani, Jakub / Vytykacova, Simona / Solarikova, Petra / Brezina, Igor

Psychoneuroendocrinology

2021 Volume 133, Page(s) 105434

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Nurses ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	197636-9
ISSN	1873-3360 ; 0306-4530
ISSN (online)	1873-3360
ISSN	0306-4530
DOI	10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105434
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Article: Molecular mechanisms of virus spread and virion components as tools of virulence. A review.

Rajcáni, J

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica

2003 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 407–431

Abstract: Despite of differences in replication strategy among virus families, some basic principles have remained similar. Analogous mechanisms govern virus entry into cells and the use of enzymes which direct the replication of the virus genome. The function of ... ...

Abstract	Despite of differences in replication strategy among virus families, some basic principles have remained similar. Analogous mechanisms govern virus entry into cells and the use of enzymes which direct the replication of the virus genome. The function of many cell surface receptors (such as glycosoaminoglycans, glycoproteins, proteins) which interact with viral capsid proteins or envelope glycoproteins has recently been elucidated. The list of cellular receptors (Table I) is still far from being final. The capsid components, similarly as the envelope glycoproteins, may form specific pocket like sites, which interact with the cell surface receptors. Neutralizing antibodies usually react with antigenic domains adjacent to the receptor binding site(s) and hamper the close contact inevitable for virion attachment. In the case of more complex viruses, such as herpes simplex virus, different viral glycoproteins interact with several cellular receptors. At progressed phase of adsorption the virions are engulfed into endocytic vesicles and the virion fusion domain(s) become(s) activated. The outer capsid components of reoviruses which participate in adsorption and fusion may get activated already in the lumen of digestive tract, i.e. before their engulfment by resorptive epithelium cells. Activation of the hydrophobic fusion domain(s) is a further important step allowing to pass through the lipid bilayer when penetrating the cell membrane in order to reach the cytosol. Activation of the virion fusion domain is accomplished by a conformation change, which occurs at acid pH (influenza virus hemagglutinin, sigma 1 protein of the reovirus particle) and/or after protease treatment. The herpes simplex virus fusion factors (gD and gH) undergo conformation changes by a pH-independent mechanism triggered due to interaction with the cell surface receptor(s) and mediated by mutual interactions with the viral envelope glycoproteins. The virion capsid or envelope components participating in the entry and membrane fusion are not the only tools of virulence. The correct function of virus coded proteins, which participate in replication of the viral genome, and/or in the supply of necessary nucleotides, may be very essential. In the case of enteroviruses, which RNA interacts with ribosomes directly, the correct configuration of the non-coding viral RNA sequence is crucial for initiation of translation occurring in the absence of the classical "cap" structure.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Mutation ; Receptors, Virus/physiology ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/physiology ; Virulence/genetics ; Virus Diseases/etiology ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Virus Replication ; Viruses/genetics ; Viruses/pathogenicity
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Virus ; Viral Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2003
Publishing country	Hungary
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	918256-1
ISSN	1588-2640 ; 1217-8950
ISSN (online)	1588-2640
ISSN	1217-8950
DOI	10.1556/AMicr.50.2003.4.8
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Article ; Online: Neuroendocrine responses to a psychosocial stress test for larger groups of participants: comparison of two test exposures.

Rajcani, Jakub / Solarikova, Petra / Brezina, Igor / Jezova, Daniela

Endocrine regulations

2020 Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 255–259

Abstract: Objective. ...

Abstract	Objective.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Female ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/metabolism ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests/standards ; Personality/physiology ; Saliva/metabolism ; Salivary alpha-Amylases/metabolism ; Social Behavior ; Stress, Psychological/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Salivary alpha-Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) ; Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1082213-6
ISSN	1336-0329 ; 0013-7200 ; 1210-0668
ISSN (online)	1336-0329
ISSN	0013-7200 ; 1210-0668
DOI	10.2478/enr-2020-0028
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Article ; Online: The acute effect of psychosocial stress on the level of oxidative stress in children.

Janšáková, Katarína / Belica, Ivan / Rajčániová, Eva / Rajčáni, Jakub / Kyselicová, Klaudia / Celušáková, Hana / Laznibatová, Jolana / Ostatníková, Daniela

International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

2021 Volume 161, Page(s) 86–90

Abstract: The effect of chronic stress on oxidative stress (OS) is commonly discussed while the effect of acute stress situation is not fully examined yet. The present study was aimed to analyse whether acute psychosocial strain causes changes in OS and ... ...

Abstract	The effect of chronic stress on oxidative stress (OS) is commonly discussed while the effect of acute stress situation is not fully examined yet. The present study was aimed to analyse whether acute psychosocial strain causes changes in OS and antioxidant status. Unstimulated saliva was collected from 46 healthy prepubertal children during the control and stress day. On the stress day, collection was performed before and after a stress situation induced by the Trier social stress test. Saliva collection during the control day imitated the stress day without the stress strain. Samples were used for analysis of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and markers of antioxidant status, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). On the stress day, increased level of FRAP was observed in the second saliva collection in comparison with the first collection. Within the same day, no significant changes in the levels of TBARS, AGEs and TAC were observed in samples taken before and after stress strain. Significantly higher levels of TBARS were observed on stress day in comparison to control day. In summary, acute psychosocial stress caused increase of FRAP during the stress day. TBARS did not increase during the stress day in the second sample but it was higher compared to the control day. None of the interactions with gender were statistically significant. It appears the short-term exposure to stress could potentially stimulate antioxidant activity.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Saliva/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Chemical Substances	Glycation End Products, Advanced ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605645-3
ISSN	1872-7697 ; 0167-8760
ISSN (online)	1872-7697
ISSN	0167-8760
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.01.007
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Article ; Online: Cumulative cortisol concentrations in hair of patients with atopy are lower than in healthy subjects and are not related to their perceived stress experience.

Solarikova, P / Karailievova, L / Rajcani, J / Brezina, I / Jezova, D

Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

2020 Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 746–749

Abstract: Patients with atopy were found to exhibit blunted cortisol responses to acute stress stimuli. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cumulative cortisol concentrations in the hair of patients with atopy are lower than in healthy subjects ... ...

Abstract	Patients with atopy were found to exhibit blunted cortisol responses to acute stress stimuli. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cumulative cortisol concentrations in the hair of patients with atopy are lower than in healthy subjects when related to their perceived stress experience. The sample consisted of 31 participants. The most proximal 3 cm of hair (as close to the scalp as possible), reflecting the cumulative cortisol secretion during the previous 3 months, was used for the analysis. Only in 20 subjects (9 patients with atopy and 11 healthy controls), there was a sufficient amount of hair for precise analysis using a new methodology. The results showed lower hair cortisol concentrations in patients with atopy compared to those in controls. The perceived stress scores in patients with atopy and healthy controls were not statistically different. The cortisol concentration/perceived stress score ratios were lower in patients with atopy compared to those in controls. No statistically significant correlation between hair cortisol and long-term experienced stress assessed via perceived stress scale was observed. In conclusion, the cumulative cortisol secretion in the hair of atopic patients is lower than would be expected according to their subjective scores of perceived stress. Most importantly, the previously lower stress hormone increase found in acute stress situations and in children now was confirmed in adult patients with chronic stress load.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Stress, Psychological
Chemical Substances	Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1387706-9
ISSN	1607-8888 ; 1025-3890
ISSN (online)	1607-8888
ISSN	1025-3890
DOI	10.1080/10253890.2020.1825673
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Article: Allergy and high trait anxiety are related to increases in heart rate variability: results of naturalistic long-term design study.

Rajcani, J / Solarikova, P / Brezina, I

European annals of allergy and clinical immunology

2018 Volume 50, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–27

Abstract: Summary: A number of studies report heart rate variability (HRV) changes in allergic as well as high trait anxious people, and associations between allergic inflammation and trait anxiety. This study investigated HRV of 20 low anxious allergic, 19 ... ...

Abstract	Summary: A number of studies report heart rate variability (HRV) changes in allergic as well as high trait anxious people, and associations between allergic inflammation and trait anxiety. This study investigated HRV of 20 low anxious allergic, 19 healthy high trait anxious and 18 healthy low anxious, in naturalistic setting. On arranged research days, subjects performed measurements using portable ECG device and subjective self-assessment of perceived stress. Five repeated measurements data from each subject have shown increases in overall HRV, as well as HRV on respiratory frequencies in both allergy and high trait anxiety. Subject's sex was an important factor, because HRV increases in allergy were only apparent in women. Data from self-assessment show no differences in experienced stress attributable to allergy, only to trait anxiety.
MeSH term(s)	Anxiety/epidemiology ; Causality ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Male ; Primary Dysautonomias/epidemiology ; Self-Assessment ; Sex Factors ; Slovakia/epidemiology ; Time Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-18
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2105540-3
ISSN	1764-1489 ; 0397-9148
ISSN	1764-1489 ; 0397-9148
DOI	10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.33
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